<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <title>fmmetal</title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="csound.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="syntax-highlighting.css" /> <meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot" /> <link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The Canonical Csound Reference Manual" /> <link rel="up" href="OpcodesTop.html" title="Orchestra Opcodes and Operators" /> <link rel="prev" href="fmin.html" title="fmin" /> <link rel="next" href="fmod.html" title="fmod" /> </head> <body> <div class="navheader"> <table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"> <tr> <th colspan="3" align="center">fmmetal</th> </tr> <tr> <td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="fmin.html">Prev</a> </td> <th width="60%" align="center">Orchestra Opcodes and Operators</th> <td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="fmod.html">Next</a></td> </tr> </table> <hr /> </div> <div class="refentry"> <a id="fmmetal"></a> <div class="titlepage"></div> <a id="IndexFmmetal" class="indexterm"></a> <div class="refnamediv"> <h2> <span class="refentrytitle">fmmetal</span> </h2> <p>fmmetal — Uses FM synthesis to create a <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Heavy Metal</span>”</span> sound. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1"> <a id="idm281472930795672"></a> <h2>Description</h2> <p> Uses FM synthesis to create a <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Heavy Metal</span>”</span> sound. It comes from a family of FM sounds, all using 4 basic oscillators and various architectures, as used in the TX81Z synthesizer. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1"> <a id="idm281472930724152"></a> <h2>Syntax</h2> <pre class="synopsis">ares <span class="command"><strong>fmmetal</strong></span> kamp, kfreq, kc1, kc2, kvdepth, kvrate, ifn1, ifn2, ifn3, \ ifn4, ivfn</pre> </div> <div class="refsect1"> <a id="idm281472930721768"></a> <h2>Initialization</h2> <p> All these opcodes take 5 tables for initialization. The first 4 are the basic inputs and the last is the low frequency oscillator (LFO) used for vibrato. The last table should usually be a sine wave. </p> <p> The initial waves should be: </p> <div class="itemizedlist"> <ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "> <li class="listitem"> <p><span class="emphasis"><em>ifn1</em></span> -- sine wave</p> </li> <li class="listitem"> <p><span class="emphasis"><em>ifn2</em></span> -- <a class="ulink" href="examples/twopeaks.aiff" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">twopeaks.aiff</em></a></p> </li> <li class="listitem"> <p><span class="emphasis"><em>ifn3</em></span> -- <a class="ulink" href="examples/twopeaks.aiff" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">twopeaks.aiff</em></a></p> </li> <li class="listitem"> <p><span class="emphasis"><em>ifn4</em></span> -- sine wave</p> </li> </ul> </div> <p> </p> <div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"> <table border="0" summary="Note: Note"> <tr> <td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"> <img alt="[Note]" src="images/note.png" /> </td> <th align="left">Note</th> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" valign="top"> <p> The file <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">twopeaks.aiff</span>”</span> is also available at <a class="ulink" href="ftp://ftp.cs.bath.ac.uk/pub/dream/documentation/sounds/modelling/" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">ftp://ftp.cs.bath.ac.uk/pub/dream/documentation/sounds/modelling/</em></a>. </p> </td> </tr> </table> </div> </div> <div class="refsect1"> <a id="idm281472930711960"></a> <h2>Performance</h2> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>kamp</em></span> -- Amplitude of note. </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>kfreq</em></span> -- Frequency of note played. </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>kc1, kc2</em></span> -- Controls for the synthesizer: </p> <div class="itemizedlist"> <ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "> <li class="listitem"> <p><span class="emphasis"><em>kc1</em></span> -- Total mod index</p> </li> <li class="listitem"> <p><span class="emphasis"><em>kc2</em></span> -- Crossfade of two modulators</p> </li> <li class="listitem"> <p><span class="emphasis"><em>Algorithm</em></span> -- 3</p> </li> </ul> </div> <p> </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>kvdepth</em></span> -- Vibrator depth </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>kvrate</em></span> -- Vibrator rate </p> </div> <div class="refsect1"> <a id="idm281472930703800"></a> <h2>Examples</h2> <p> Here is an example of the fmmetal opcode. It uses the file <a class="ulink" href="examples/fmmetal.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">fmmetal.csd</em></a>, and <a class="ulink" href="examples/twopeaks.aiff" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">twopeaks.aiff</em></a>. </p> <div class="example"> <a id="idm281472930701096"></a> <p class="title"> <strong>Example 326. Example of the fmmetal opcode.</strong> </p> <div class="example-contents"> <p>See the sections <a class="link" href="UsingRealTime.html" title="Real-Time Audio"><em class="citetitle">Real-time Audio</em></a> and <a class="link" href="CommandFlags.html" title="Csound command line"><em class="citetitle">Command Line Flags</em></a> for more information on using command line flags.</p> <div class="refsect1"> <a id="idm281472762833864"></a> <pre class="programlisting"> <span class="nt"><CsoundSynthesizer></span> <span class="nt"><CsOptions></span> <span class="c1">; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform</span> -odac <span class="c1">;;;realtime audio out</span> <span class="c1">;-iadc ;;;uncomment -iadc if realtime audio input is needed too</span> <span class="c1">; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:</span> <span class="c1">; -o fmmetal.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform</span> <span class="nt"></CsOptions></span> <span class="nt"><CsInstruments></span> <span class="vg">sr</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">44100</span> <span class="vg">ksmps</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">32</span> <span class="vg">nchnls</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="vg">0dbfs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="kd">instr</span> <span class="nf">1</span> k<span class="n">freq</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">440</span> k<span class="n">vdepth</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span> k<span class="n">vrate</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span> i<span class="n">fn1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span> i<span class="n">fn2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span> i<span class="n">fn3</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span> i<span class="n">fn4</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span> i<span class="n">vfn</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span> k<span class="n">c2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">p5</span> k<span class="n">c1</span> <span class="nb">line</span> <span class="nb">p4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">p3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span> a<span class="n">sig</span> <span class="nb">fmmetal</span> <span class="mf">.5</span><span class="p">,</span> k<span class="n">freq</span><span class="p">,</span> k<span class="n">c1</span><span class="p">,</span> k<span class="n">c2</span><span class="p">,</span> k<span class="n">vdepth</span><span class="p">,</span> k<span class="n">vrate</span><span class="p">,</span> i<span class="n">fn1</span><span class="p">,</span> i<span class="n">fn2</span><span class="p">,</span> i<span class="n">fn3</span><span class="p">,</span> i<span class="n">fn4</span><span class="p">,</span> i<span class="n">vfn</span> <span class="nb">outs</span> a<span class="n">sig</span><span class="p">,</span> a<span class="n">sig</span> <span class="kd">endin</span> <span class="nt"></CsInstruments></span> <span class="nt"><CsScore></span> <span class="c1">; sine wave.</span> <span class="nb">f</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="mi">32768</span> <span class="mi">10</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="c1">; the "twopeaks.aiff" audio file.</span> <span class="nb">f</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="mi">256</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="s">"twopeaks.aiff"</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="nb">i</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="mi">4</span> <span class="mi">6</span> <span class="mi">5</span> <span class="nb">i</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="mi">5</span> <span class="mi">4</span> <span class="mf">.2</span> <span class="mi">10</span> <span class="nb">e</span> <span class="nt"></CsScore></span> <span class="nt"></CsoundSynthesizer></span> </pre> </div> </div> </div> <p><br class="example-break" /> </p> </div> <div class="refsect1"> <a id="idm281472930696872"></a> <h2>See Also</h2> <p> <a class="link" href="fmb3.html" title="fmb3"><em class="citetitle">fmb3</em></a>, <a class="link" href="fmbell.html" title="fmbell"><em class="citetitle">fmbell</em></a>, <a class="link" href="fmpercfl.html" title="fmpercfl"><em class="citetitle">fmpercfl</em></a>, <a class="link" href="fmrhode.html" title="fmrhode"><em class="citetitle">fmrhode</em></a>, <a class="link" href="fmwurlie.html" title="fmwurlie"><em class="citetitle">fmwurlie</em></a> </p> </div> <div class="refsect1"> <a id="idm281472930690920"></a> <h2>Credits</h2> <p> </p> <table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"> <tr> <td>Author: John ffitch (after Perry Cook)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>University of Bath, Codemist Ltd.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Bath, UK</td> </tr> </table> <p> </p> <p>New in Csound version 3.47</p> </div> </div> <div class="navfooter"> <hr /> <table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"> <tr> <td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="fmin.html">Prev</a> </td> <td width="20%" align="center"> <a accesskey="u" href="OpcodesTop.html">Up</a> </td> <td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="fmod.html">Next</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">fmin </td> <td width="20%" align="center"> <a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a> </td> <td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> fmod</td> </tr> </table> </div> </body> </html>