<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
<title>Function Syntax in Csound6</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="csound.css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="syntax-highlighting.css" />
<meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot" />
<link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The Canonical Csound Reference Manual" />
<link rel="up" href="OrchTop.html" title="Syntax of the Orchestra" />
<link rel="prev" href="Orchtab.html" title="K-Rate Vectors" />
<link rel="next" href="udpserver.html" title="UDP Server" />
</head>
<body>
<div class="navheader">
<table width="100%" summary="Navigation header">
<tr>
<th colspan="3" align="center">Function Syntax in Csound6</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Orchtab.html">Prev</a> </td>
<th width="60%" align="center">Syntax of the Orchestra</th>
<td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="udpserver.html">Next</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
<hr />
</div>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="functional"></a>Function Syntax in Csound6</h2>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
Csound 6 has introduced a new alternative syntax for orchestra code. This is initially an experimental feature, which has some limitations,
as explained below. It will also allow the introduction of some non-backwards-compatible language features.
</p>
<h3><a id="idm281472963629096"></a>Overview</h3>
<p>
The main aspect of the new syntax is that some opcodes can be called as functions, and inlined in orchestra code. The
general form of this is the expression:
</p>
<div class="literallayout">
<p><br />
var* = op(exprlist*)<br />
</p>
</div>
<p>
where * indicates optional, var is a single variable in one of Csound6 types, and exprlist is a comma separated list
of expressions (or a single expression or variable). These expressions can be placed anywhere inside instrument or
opcode blocks. I-time operations can also be placed outside instrument blocks. The functional syntax can be intermixed with
standard Csound code.
</p>
<p>
Here are some examples of these expressions:
</p>
<div class="literallayout">
<p><br />
<br />
a1 = oscil(p4,p5)<br />
out(vco2(p4*linen(1,0.1,p3,0.1),p5)<br />
outs(oscili(in(),p5), in())<br />
<br />
</p>
</div>
<h3><a id="idm281472963633016"></a>Limitations</h3>
<p>
The main limitation is that only opcodes with single outputs (or no outputs) are allowed. In addition, opcodes with
multiple optional outputs will not be parsed successfully in this form. An alternative to allow for these
is to wrap them in user-defined opcodes, or just to intermix standard Csound syntax with this new style.
</p>
<p>
To resolve opcode ambiguities, we have introduced type annotations, in the form of op:type(exprlist). For instance
the code:
</p>
<p>
</p>
<div class="literallayout">
<p><br />
<br />
a1 = oscili(oscili:k(p4,p5), 440)<br />
<br />
</p>
</div>
<p>
</p>
<p>
will choose a control-rate opcode to modulate the amplitude of the audio carrier, rather than an audio rate one. There will
be cases where the type annotation will be required, when the input arguments cannot be used to determine the correct type
of opcode to be applied.
</p>
</div>
<div class="navfooter">
<hr />
<table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer">
<tr>
<td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Orchtab.html">Prev</a> </td>
<td width="20%" align="center">
<a accesskey="u" href="OrchTop.html">Up</a>
</td>
<td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="udpserver.html">Next</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">K-Rate Vectors </td>
<td width="20%" align="center">
<a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a>
</td>
<td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> UDP Server</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
distrib
>
Mageia
>
7
>
armv7hl
>
media
>
core-release
>
by-pkgid
>
5fcfcb7517038d1f44ab4e478e6e61fa
>
files
>
1963
