<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <title>ihold</title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="csound.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="syntax-highlighting.css" /> <meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot" /> <link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The Canonical Csound Reference Manual" /> <link rel="up" href="OpcodesTop.html" title="Orchestra Opcodes and Operators" /> <link rel="prev" href="igoto.html" title="igoto" /> <link rel="next" href="imagecreate.html" title="imagecreate" /> </head> <body> <div class="navheader"> <table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"> <tr> <th colspan="3" align="center">ihold</th> </tr> <tr> <td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="igoto.html">Prev</a> </td> <th width="60%" align="center">Orchestra Opcodes and Operators</th> <td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="imagecreate.html">Next</a></td> </tr> </table> <hr /> </div> <div class="refentry"> <a id="ihold"></a> <div class="titlepage"></div> <a id="IndexIhold" class="indexterm"></a> <div class="refnamediv"> <h2> <span class="refentrytitle">ihold</span> </h2> <p>ihold — Creates a held note. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1"> <a id="idm281472924421304"></a> <h2>Description</h2> <p> Causes a finite-duration note to become a <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">held</span>”</span> note </p> </div> <div class="refsect1"> <a id="idm281472924419608"></a> <h2>Syntax</h2> <pre class="synopsis"> <span class="command"> <strong>ihold</strong> </span> </pre> </div> <div class="refsect1"> <a id="idm281472924417688"></a> <h2>Performance</h2> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>ihold</em></span> -- this i-time statement causes a finite-duration note to become a <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">held</span>”</span> note. It thus has the same effect as a negative p3 ( see score <a class="link" href="i.html" title="i Statement (Instrument or Note Statement)"><em class="citetitle">i Statement</em></a>), except that p3 here remains positive and the instrument reclassifies itself to being held indefinitely. The note can be turned off explicitly with <span class="emphasis"><em>turnoff</em></span>, or its space taken over by another note of the same instrument number (i.e. it is tied into that note). Effective at i-time only; no-op during a <span class="emphasis"><em>reinit</em></span> pass. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1"> <a id="idm281472924413480"></a> <h2>Examples</h2> <p> Here is an example of the ihold opcode. It uses the file <a class="ulink" href="examples/ihold.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">ihold.csd</em></a>. </p> <div class="example"> <a id="idm281472924411624"></a> <p class="title"> <strong>Example 419. Example of the ihold opcode.</strong> </p> <div class="example-contents"> <p>See the sections <a class="link" href="UsingRealTime.html" title="Real-Time Audio"><em class="citetitle">Real-time Audio</em></a> and <a class="link" href="CommandFlags.html" title="Csound command line"><em class="citetitle">Command Line Flags</em></a> for more information on using command line flags.</p> <div class="refsect1"> <a id="idm281472752368040"></a> <pre class="programlisting"> <span class="nt"><CsoundSynthesizer></span> <span class="nt"><CsOptions></span> <span class="c1">; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform</span> <span class="c1">; Audio out Audio in No messages</span> -odac -iadc -d <span class="c1">;;;RT audio I/O</span> <span class="c1">; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:</span> <span class="c1">; -o ihold.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform</span> <span class="nt"></CsOptions></span> <span class="nt"><CsInstruments></span> <span class="c1">; Initialize the global variables.</span> <span class="vg">sr</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">44100</span> <span class="vg">kr</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">4410</span> <span class="vg">ksmps</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">10</span> <span class="vg">nchnls</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="c1">; Instrument #1.</span> <span class="kd">instr</span> <span class="nf">1</span> <span class="c1">; A simple oscillator with its note held indefinitely.</span> a<span class="n">1</span> <span class="nb">oscil</span> <span class="mi">10000</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">440</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="nb">ihold</span> <span class="c1">; If p4 equals 0, turn the note off.</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">p4</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">kgoto</span> <span class="nl">offnow</span> <span class="k">kgoto</span> <span class="nl">playit</span> <span class="nl">offnow</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="c1">; Turn the note off now.</span> <span class="nb">turnoff</span> <span class="nl">playit</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="c1">; Play the note.</span> <span class="nb">out</span> a<span class="n">1</span> <span class="kd">endin</span> <span class="nt"></CsInstruments></span> <span class="nt"><CsScore></span> <span class="c1">; Table #1: an ordinary sine wave.</span> <span class="nb">f</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="mi">32768</span> <span class="mi">10</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="c1">; p4 = turn the note off (if it is equal to 0).</span> <span class="c1">; Start playing Instrument #1.</span> <span class="nb">i</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="c1">; Turn Instrument #1 off after 3 seconds.</span> <span class="nb">i</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="mi">3</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="nb">e</span> <span class="nt"></CsScore></span> <span class="nt"></CsoundSynthesizer></span> </pre> </div> </div> </div> <p><br class="example-break" /> </p> </div> <div class="refsect1"> <a id="idm281472924407400"></a> <h2>See Also</h2> <p> <a class="link" href="i.html" title="i Statement (Instrument or Note Statement)"><em class="citetitle">i Statement</em></a>, <a class="link" href="turnoff.html" title="turnoff"><em class="citetitle">turnoff</em></a> </p> </div> <div class="refsect1"> <a id="idm281472924404392"></a> <h2>Credits</h2> <p>Example written by Kevin Conder.</p> </div> </div> <div class="navfooter"> <hr /> <table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"> <tr> <td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="igoto.html">Prev</a> </td> <td width="20%" align="center"> <a accesskey="u" href="OpcodesTop.html">Up</a> </td> <td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="imagecreate.html">Next</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">igoto </td> <td width="20%" align="center"> <a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a> </td> <td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> imagecreate</td> </tr> </table> </div> </body> </html>