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<h2>
<span class="refentrytitle">moogladder</span>
</h2>
<p>moogladder —
Moog ladder lowpass filter.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472912561480"></a>
<h2>Description</h2>
<p>
Moogladder is an new digital implementation of the Moog ladder filter based on
the work of Antti Huovilainen, described in the paper "Non-Linear Digital
Implementation of the Moog Ladder Filter" (Proceedings of DaFX04, Univ of Napoli).
This implementation is probably a more accurate digital representation of
the original analogue filter.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472912489816"></a>
<h2>Syntax</h2>
<pre class="synopsis">asig <span class="command"><strong>moogladder</strong></span> ain, kcf, kres[, istor]</pre>
<pre class="synopsis">asig <span class="command"><strong>moogladder</strong></span> ain, acf, kres[, istor]</pre>
<pre class="synopsis">asig <span class="command"><strong>moogladder</strong></span> ain, kcf, ares[, istor]</pre>
<pre class="synopsis">asig <span class="command"><strong>moogladder</strong></span> ain, acf, ares[, istor]</pre>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472912483496"></a>
<h2>Initialization</h2>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>istor</em></span> --initial disposition of internal
data space. Since filtering incorporates a feedback loop of
previous output, the initial status of the storage space used is
significant. A zero value will clear the space; a non-zero
value will allow previous information to remain. The default
value is 0.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472912481560"></a>
<h2>Performance</h2>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>asig</em></span> -- input signal.
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>kcf</em></span>/<span class="emphasis"><em>acf</em></span> -- filter cutoff frequency
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>kres</em></span>/<span class="emphasis"><em>ares</em></span> --
resonance, generally < 1, but not limited to it. Higher than
1 resonance values might cause aliasing, analogue synths
generally allow resonances to be above 1.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472912477048"></a>
<h2>Examples</h2>
<p>
Here is an example of the moogladder opcode. It uses the file <a class="ulink" href="examples/moogladder.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">moogladder.csd</em></a>.
</p>
<div class="example">
<a id="idm281472912475272"></a>
<p class="title">
<strong>Example 575. Example of the moogladder opcode.</strong>
</p>
<div class="example-contents">
<p>See the sections <a class="link" href="UsingRealTime.html" title="Real-Time Audio"><em class="citetitle">Real-time Audio</em></a> and <a class="link" href="CommandFlags.html" title="Csound command line"><em class="citetitle">Command Line Flags</em></a> for more information on using command line flags.</p>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472736349816"></a>
<pre class="programlisting">
<span class="nt"><CsoundSynthesizer></span>
<span class="nt"><CsOptions></span>
<span class="c1">; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform</span>
-odac <span class="c1">;;;realtime audio out</span>
<span class="c1">;-iadc ;;;uncomment -iadc if realtime audio input is needed too</span>
<span class="c1">; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:</span>
<span class="c1">; -o moogladder.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform</span>
<span class="nt"></CsOptions></span>
<span class="nt"><CsInstruments></span>
<span class="vg">sr</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">44100</span>
<span class="vg">ksmps</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">32</span>
<span class="vg">nchnls</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
<span class="vg">0dbfs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="kd">instr</span> <span class="nf">1</span>
k<span class="n">fe</span> <span class="nb">expseg</span> <span class="mi">500</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">p3</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="mf">0.9</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1800</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">p3</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="mf">0.1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3000</span>
a<span class="n">sig</span> <span class="nb">buzz</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">20</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
k<span class="n">res</span> <span class="nb">line</span> <span class="mf">.1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">p3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">.99</span> <span class="c1">;increase resonance</span>
a<span class="n">fil</span> <span class="nb">moogladder</span> a<span class="n">sig</span><span class="p">,</span> k<span class="n">fe</span><span class="p">,</span> k<span class="n">res</span>
<span class="nb">outs</span> a<span class="n">fil</span><span class="p">,</span> a<span class="n">fil</span>
<span class="kd">endin</span>
<span class="nt"></CsInstruments></span>
<span class="nt"><CsScore></span>
<span class="nb">f</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="mi">4096</span> <span class="mi">10</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="nb">i</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="mi">10</span>
<span class="nb">e</span>
<span class="nt"></CsScore></span>
<span class="nt"></CsoundSynthesizer></span>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p><br class="example-break" />
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472912471080"></a>
<h2>Credits</h2>
<p>
</p>
<table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist">
<tr>
<td>Author: Victor Lazzarini</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>January 2005</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>
</p>
<p>New plugin in version 5</p>
<p>January 2005.</p>
<p>Audio rate parameters introduced in version 6.02</p>
<p>October 2013.</p>
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