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<a id="printf"></a>
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<a id="Indexprintf_i" class="indexterm"></a>
<a id="Indexprintf" class="indexterm"></a>
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<h2>
<span class="refentrytitle">printf</span>
</h2>
<p>printf —
printf-style formatted output
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472902119496"></a>
<h2>Description</h2>
<p>
<span class="command"><strong>printf</strong></span> and <span class="command"><strong>printf_i</strong></span> write
formatted output, similarly to the C function
printf(). <span class="command"><strong>printf_i</strong></span> runs at i-time only, while
<span class="command"><strong>printf</strong></span> runs both at initialization and
performance time.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472902043080"></a>
<h2>Syntax</h2>
<pre class="synopsis"><span class="command"><strong>printf_i</strong></span> Sfmt, itrig, [iarg1[, iarg2[, ... ]]]</pre>
<pre class="synopsis"><span class="command"><strong>printf</strong></span> Sfmt, ktrig, [xarg1[, xarg2[, ... ]]]</pre>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472902039880"></a>
<h2>Initialization</h2>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>Sfmt</em></span> -- format string, has the same format
as in printf() and other similar C functions, except length
modifiers (l, ll, h, etc.) are not supported. The following
conversion specifiers are allowed:
</p>
<div class="itemizedlist">
<ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; ">
<li class="listitem">
<p>d, i, o, u, x, X, e, E, f, F, g, G, c, s</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p>
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>iarg1, iarg2, ...</em></span> -- input arguments
(max. 30) for format. Integer formats like %d round the input
values to the nearest integer.
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>itrig</em></span> -- if greater than zero the opcode
performs the printing; otherwise it is an null operation.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472902034984"></a>
<h2>Performance</h2>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>ktrig</em></span> -- if greater than zero and different
from the value on the previous control cycle the opcode
performs the requested printing. Initially this previous value is
taken as zero.
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>xarg1, xarg2, ...</em></span> -- input arguments
(max. 30) for format. Integer formats like %d round the input
values to the nearest integer. Note that only k-rate and i-rate arguments are valid (no a-rate printing)
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472902032152"></a>
<h2>Examples</h2>
<p>
Here is an example of the printf opcode. It uses the file <a class="ulink" href="examples/printf.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">printf.csd</em></a>.
</p>
<div class="example">
<a id="idm281472902030296"></a>
<p class="title">
<strong>Example 717. Example of the printf opcode.</strong>
</p>
<div class="example-contents">
<p>See the sections <a class="link" href="UsingRealTime.html" title="Real-Time Audio"><em class="citetitle">Real-time Audio</em></a> and <a class="link" href="CommandFlags.html" title="Csound command line"><em class="citetitle">Command Line Flags</em></a> for more information on using command line flags.</p>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472722753208"></a>
<pre class="programlisting">
<span class="nt"><CsoundSynthesizer></span>
<span class="nt"><CsOptions></span>
<span class="c1">; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform</span>
-odac <span class="c1">;;;realtime audio out</span>
<span class="c1">;-iadc ;;;uncomment -iadc if realtime audio input is needed too</span>
<span class="c1">; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:</span>
<span class="c1">;-o printf.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform</span>
<span class="nt"></CsOptions></span>
<span class="nt"><CsInstruments></span>
<span class="vg">sr</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">44100</span>
<span class="vg">ksmps</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">32</span>
<span class="vg">nchnls</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
<span class="vg">0dbfs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="kd">instr</span> <span class="nf">1</span>
S<span class="n">file</span> <span class="nb">strget</span> <span class="nb">p4</span>
i<span class="n">vld</span> <span class="nb">filevalid</span> S<span class="n">file</span>
<span class="k">if</span> i<span class="n">vld</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span> <span class="k">then</span>
<span class="nb">printf_i</span> <span class="s">"Audiofile '%s' does not exist!</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> S<span class="n">file</span>
<span class="k">else</span>
a<span class="n">sig</span> <span class="nb">diskin2</span> S<span class="n">file</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="nb">outs</span> a<span class="n">sig</span><span class="p">,</span> a<span class="n">sig</span>
<span class="k">endif</span>
<span class="kd">endin</span>
<span class="nt"></CsInstruments></span>
<span class="nt"><CsScore></span>
<span class="nb">i</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="mi">3</span> <span class="s">"frox.wav"</span><span class="c1">;file does not exist!!!</span>
<span class="nb">i</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">3</span> <span class="s">"fox.wav"</span><span class="c1">;but this one certainly does...</span>
<span class="nb">e</span>
<span class="nt"></CsScore></span>
<span class="nt"></CsoundSynthesizer></span>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p><br class="example-break" />
</p>
<p>
The example will produce the following output:
</p>
<pre class="screen">
Audiofile 'frox.wav' does not exist!
</pre>
<p>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472902024952"></a>
<h2>See Also</h2>
<p>
</p>
<p> More information about printf: <a class="ulink" href="http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/clibrary/cstdio/printf/" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/clibrary/cstdio/printf/</em></a></p>
<p>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472902022584"></a>
<h2>Credits</h2>
<p>
</p>
<table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist">
<tr>
<td>Author: Istvan Varga</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2005</td>
</tr>
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</p>
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