<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <title>printk2</title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="csound.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="syntax-highlighting.css" /> <meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot" /> <link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The Canonical Csound Reference Manual" /> <link rel="up" href="OpcodesTop.html" title="Orchestra Opcodes and Operators" /> <link rel="prev" href="printf.html" title="printf" /> <link rel="next" href="printk.html" title="printk" /> </head> <body> <div class="navheader"> <table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"> <tr> <th colspan="3" align="center">printk2</th> </tr> <tr> <td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="printf.html">Prev</a> </td> <th width="60%" align="center">Orchestra Opcodes and Operators</th> <td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="printk.html">Next</a></td> </tr> </table> <hr /> </div> <div class="refentry"> <a id="printk2"></a> <div class="titlepage"></div> <a id="IndexPrintk2" class="indexterm"></a> <div class="refnamediv"> <h2> <span class="refentrytitle">printk2</span> </h2> <p>printk2 — Prints a new value every time a control variable changes. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1"> <a id="idm281472902045464"></a> <h2>Description</h2> <p> Prints a new value every time a control variable changes. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1"> <a id="idm281472901978536"></a> <h2>Syntax</h2> <pre class="synopsis"><span class="command"><strong>printk2</strong></span> kvar [, inumspaces]</pre> </div> <div class="refsect1"> <a id="idm281472901976456"></a> <h2>Initialization</h2> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>inumspaces</em></span> (optional, default=0) -- number of space characters printed before the value of <span class="emphasis"><em>kvar</em></span> </p> </div> <div class="refsect1"> <a id="idm281472901974408"></a> <h2>Performance</h2> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>kvar</em></span> -- signal to be printed </p> <p> Derived from Robin Whittle's <span class="emphasis"><em>printk</em></span>, prints a new value of <span class="emphasis"><em>kvar</em></span> each time <span class="emphasis"><em>kvar</em></span> changes. Useful for monitoring MIDI control changes when using sliders. </p> <div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"> <table border="0" summary="Warning"> <tr> <td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"> <img alt="[Warning]" src="images/warning.png" /> </td> <th align="left">Warning</th> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" valign="top"> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>WARNING!</em></span> Don't use this opcode with normal, continuously variant k-signals, because it can hang the computer, as the rate of printing is too fast. </p> </td> </tr> </table> </div> </div> <div class="refsect1"> <a id="idm281472901969208"></a> <h2>Examples</h2> <p> Here is an example of the printk2 opcode. It uses the file <a class="ulink" href="examples/printk2.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">printk2.csd</em></a>. </p> <div class="example"> <a id="idm281472901967400"></a> <p class="title"> <strong>Example 718. Example of the printk2 opcode.</strong> </p> <div class="example-contents"> <p>See the sections <a class="link" href="UsingRealTime.html" title="Real-Time Audio"><em class="citetitle">Real-time Audio</em></a> and <a class="link" href="CommandFlags.html" title="Csound command line"><em class="citetitle">Command Line Flags</em></a> for more information on using command line flags.</p> <div class="refsect1"> <a id="idm281472722702440"></a> <pre class="programlisting"> <span class="nt"><CsoundSynthesizer></span> <span class="nt"><CsOptions></span> <span class="c1">; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform</span> -odac <span class="c1">;;;realtime audio out</span> <span class="c1">;-iadc ;;;uncomment -iadc if realtime audio input is needed too</span> <span class="c1">; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:</span> <span class="c1">; -o printk2.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform</span> <span class="nt"></CsOptions></span> <span class="nt"><CsInstruments></span> <span class="vg">sr</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">44100</span> <span class="vg">ksmps</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">32</span> <span class="vg">nchnls</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="vg">0dbfs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="kd">instr</span> <span class="nf">1</span> k<span class="n">val</span> <span class="nb">randomh</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">1.2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">20</span> <span class="c1">;choose between 0 and 1.2</span> <span class="k">if</span> k<span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">></span><span class="mi">0</span> <span class="o">&&</span> k<span class="n">val</span><span class="o"><=</span><span class="mf">.5</span> <span class="k">then</span> <span class="c1">;3 possible outcomes</span> k<span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="k">elseif</span> k<span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">></span><span class="mf">.5</span> <span class="o">&&</span> k<span class="n">val</span><span class="o"><=</span><span class="mi">1</span> <span class="k">then</span> k<span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span> <span class="k">elseif</span> k<span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">></span><span class="mi">1</span> <span class="k">then</span> k<span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">3</span> <span class="k">endif</span> <span class="nb">printk2</span> k<span class="n">val</span> <span class="c1">;print value when it changes</span> a<span class="n">sig</span> <span class="nb">poscil</span> <span class="mf">.7</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">440</span><span class="o">*</span>k<span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="nb">outs</span> a<span class="n">sig</span><span class="p">,</span> a<span class="n">sig</span> <span class="kd">endin</span> <span class="nt"></CsInstruments></span> <span class="nt"><CsScore></span> <span class="nb">f</span><span class="mi">1</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="mi">16384</span> <span class="mi">10</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="nb">i</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="mi">5</span> <span class="nb">e</span> <span class="nt"></CsScore></span> <span class="nt"></CsoundSynthesizer></span> </pre> </div> </div> </div> <p><br class="example-break" /> Its output should include lines like these: </p> <pre class="screen"> i1 0.00000 i1 3.00000 i1 1.00000 i1 3.00000 i1 1.00000 i1 2.00000 i1 3.00000 ..... </pre> <p> </p> </div> <div class="refsect1"> <a id="idm281472901962232"></a> <h2>See Also</h2> <p> <a class="link" href="printk.html" title="printk"><em class="citetitle">printk</em></a> and <a class="link" href="printks.html" title="printks"><em class="citetitle">printks</em></a> </p> </div> <div class="refsect1"> <a id="idm281472901959128"></a> <h2>Credits</h2> <p> </p> <table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"> <tr> <td>Author: Gabriel Maldonado</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Italy</td> </tr> <tr> <td>1998</td> </tr> </table> <p> </p> <p>New in Csound version 3.48</p> </div> </div> <div class="navfooter"> <hr /> <table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"> <tr> <td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="printf.html">Prev</a> </td> <td width="20%" align="center"> <a accesskey="u" href="OpcodesTop.html">Up</a> </td> <td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="printk.html">Next</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">printf </td> <td width="20%" align="center"> <a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a> </td> <td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> printk</td> </tr> </table> </div> </body> </html>