''' D R O N E INSPIRED BY THE WORK OF LAMONTE YOUNG Copyright (C) 2005 by Michael Gogins. All rights reserved. This software is licensed under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License. This composition simulates some of the effects in LaMonte Young's early electronic pieces, using Csound. The piece uses just intonation chords without thirds or sixths, tones with varying harmonic content, tones with waveshaping distortion, and varying amounts of reverberation to produce a slow progression of rich drones. The purpose of the GUI is to enable the user to interactively fine-tune and save the configuration of the piece. TO DO Snapshot buttons instead of file dialogs. Multiple rendering choices (done). Indicator/controller slider for score position. Indicate snapshot in filenames. Use a toolkit that enables stopping/restarting without crashing. ''' import csnd6 import os import pickle import shutil import traceback ''' Psyco (http://www.psyco.org) is a just-in-time compiler for Python. One imagines that using Psyco here will make execution faster and therefore smoother. ''' try: import psyco print 'Imported pscyo.' except: print 'Failed to import psyco.' from Tkinter import * import tkFileDialog import Tix print __doc__ ''' A class that contains all control channel configuration values, in order to simplify saving and restoring configurations. Naming convention: Csound global variable name equals Csound control channel name, equals Tkinter widget name, equals configuration variable name, and the widget command handler name is the same but prefixed with "on_". ''' class Configuration(object): def __init__(self): self.gkHarmonicTableFactor = 0.5 self.gkDistortTableFactor = 0.5 self.gkDistortFactor = 0.125 self.gkReverbscFeedback = 0.8 self.gkMasterLevel = 0.25 self.output = 'dac' print print 'CREATING FILENAMES FOR THIS PIECE...' print scriptFilename = sys.argv[0] print 'Full Python script: %s' % scriptFilename title = os.path.basename(scriptFilename) print 'Base Python script: %s' % title orcFilename = scriptFilename + '.orc' print 'Csound orchestra: %s' % orcFilename scoFilename = scriptFilename + '.sco' print 'Csound score: %s' % scoFilename midiFilename = scriptFilename + '.mid' print 'MIDI filename: %s' % midiFilename soundfileName = scriptFilename + '.wav' print 'Soundfile name: %s' % soundfileName dacName = 'dac' print 'DAC name: %s' % dacName soundfilePlayer = r'D:/utah/opt/Audacity/audacity.exe' print 'Soundfile player: %s' % soundfilePlayer author = 'Michael_Gogins' print 'Author: %s' % author #archiveDirectory = 'd:/utah/home/mkg/projects/music/__latest' #archivedFilename = os.path.normpath(os.path.join(archiveDirectory, title)) #latestFilename = os.path.normpath(os.path.join(archiveDirectory, 'latest.py')) #shutil.copyfile(scriptFilename, archivedFilename) #print 'Archived as: %s' % archivedFilename #shutil.copyfile(scriptFilename, latestFilename) #print 'Also as: %s' % latestFilename print csoundOrchestra = '''\ sr = 44100 ksmps = 441 nchnls = 2 0dbfs = 40000 ; Bind named control channels to global variables. gkDistortFactor init 1.0 gkReverbscFeedback init 0.9 gkMasterLevel init 1.0 gareverb1 init 0 gareverb2 init 0 instr 1 iattack init 40.0 idecay init 40.0 isustain init p3 - iattack p3 = p3 + idecay print p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6 ifundamental = p4 inumerator = p5 idenominator = p6 ivelocity = p7 ipan = p8 iratio = inumerator / idenominator ihertz = ifundamental * iratio iamp = ampdb(ivelocity) kenvelope transeg 0.0, iattack / 2.0, 2.5, iamp / 2.0, iattack / 2.0, -2.5, iamp, isustain, 0.0, iamp, idecay / 2.0, 2.5, iamp / 2.0, idecay / 2.0, -2.5, 0.0 asignal poscil3 kenvelope, ihertz, 1 asignal distort asignal, gkDistortFactor, 2 aleft, aright pan2 asignal , ipan gareverb1 = gareverb1 + aleft gareverb2 = gareverb1 + aright endin instr 30 aleft, aright reverbsc gareverb1, gareverb2, gkReverbscFeedback, 15000.0 aleft = gkMasterLevel * (gareverb1 + aleft * 0.8) aright = gkMasterLevel * (gareverb2 + aright * 0.8) outs aleft, aright gareverb1 = 0 gareverb2 = 0 endin instr 40 ; p4 = gain of reverb. Adjust empirically ; for desired reverb time. .6 gives ; a good small "live" room sound, .8 ; a small hall, .9 a large hall, ; .99 an enormous stone cavern. ; p5 = amount of random pitch modulation ; for the delay lines. 1 is the "normal" ; amount, but this may be too high for ; held pitches such as piano tones. ; Adjust to taste. ; p6 = cutoff frequency of lowpass filters ; in feedback loops of delay lines, ; in Hz. Lower cutoff frequencies results ; in a sound with more high-frequency ; damping. ; 8 delay line FDN reverb, with feedback matrix based upon ; physical modeling scattering junction of 8 lossless waveguides ; of equal characteristic impedance. Based on Julius O. Smith III, ; "A New Approach to Digital Reverberation using Closed Waveguide ; Networks," Proceedings of the International Computer Music ; Conference 1985, p. 47-53 (also available as a seperate ; publication from CCRMA), as well as some more recent papers by ; Smith and others. ; Coded by Sean Costello, October 1999 ipitchmod = 0.98 itone = 16000 ain1 = gareverb1 ain2 = gareverb2 asignal = (ain1 + ain2) * 0.5 afilt1 init 0 afilt2 init 0 afilt3 init 0 afilt4 init 0 afilt5 init 0 afilt6 init 0 afilt7 init 0 afilt8 init 0 idel1 = (2473.000/sr) idel2 = (2767.000/sr) idel3 = (3217.000/sr) idel4 = (3557.000/sr) idel5 = (3907.000/sr) idel6 = (4127.000/sr) idel7 = (2143.000/sr) idel8 = (1933.000/sr) ; k1-k8 are used to add random pitch modulation to the ; delay lines. Helps eliminate metallic overtones ; in the reverb sound. k1 randi .001, 3.1, .06 k2 randi .0011, 3.5, .9 k3 randi .0017, 1.11, .7 k4 randi .0006, 3.973, .3 k5 randi .001, 2.341, .63 k6 randi .0011, 1.897, .7 k7 randi .0017, 0.891, .9 k8 randi .0006, 3.221, .44 ; apj is used to calculate "resultant junction pressure" for ; the scattering junction of 8 lossless waveguides ; of equal characteristic impedance. If you wish to ; add more delay lines, simply add them to the following ; equation, and replace the .25 by 2/N, where N is the ; number of delay lines. apj = .25 * (afilt1 + afilt2 + afilt3 + afilt4 + afilt5 + afilt6 + afilt7 + afilt8) adum1 delayr 1 adel1 deltapi idel1 + k1 * ipitchmod delayw asignal + apj - afilt1 adum2 delayr 1 adel2 deltapi idel2 + k2 * ipitchmod delayw asignal + apj - afilt2 adum3 delayr 1 adel3 deltapi idel3 + k3 * ipitchmod delayw asignal + apj - afilt3 adum4 delayr 1 adel4 deltapi idel4 + k4 * ipitchmod delayw asignal + apj - afilt4 adum5 delayr 1 adel5 deltapi idel5 + k5 * ipitchmod delayw asignal + apj - afilt5 adum6 delayr 1 adel6 deltapi idel6 + k6 * ipitchmod delayw asignal + apj - afilt6 adum7 delayr 1 adel7 deltapi idel7 + k7 * ipitchmod delayw asignal + apj - afilt7 adum8 delayr 1 adel8 deltapi idel8 + k8 * ipitchmod delayw asignal + apj - afilt8 ; 1st order lowpass filters in feedback ; loops of delay lines. afilt1 tone adel1 * gkReverbscFeedback, itone afilt2 tone adel2 * gkReverbscFeedback, itone afilt3 tone adel3 * gkReverbscFeedback, itone afilt4 tone adel4 * gkReverbscFeedback, itone afilt5 tone adel5 * gkReverbscFeedback, itone afilt6 tone adel6 * gkReverbscFeedback, itone afilt7 tone adel7 * gkReverbscFeedback, itone afilt8 tone adel8 * gkReverbscFeedback, itone ; The outputs of the delay lines are summed ; and sent to the stereo outputs. This could ; easily be modified for a 4 or 8-channel ; sound system. aout1 = (afilt1 + afilt3 + afilt5 + afilt7) aout2 = (afilt2 + afilt4 + afilt6 + afilt8) ; To the master output. aleft = gkMasterLevel * (gareverb1 + aout1 * 0.8) aright = gkMasterLevel * (gareverb2 + aout2 * 0.8) outs aleft, aright gareverb1 = 0 gareverb2 = 0 endin instr 50 gkHarmonicTableFactor chnget "gkHarmonicTableFactor" gkDistortTableFactor chnget "gkDistortTableFactor" gkDistortFactor chnget "gkDistortFactor" gkReverbscFeedback chnget "gkReverbscFeedback" gkMasterLevel chnget "gkMasterLevel" endin ''' csoundScore = '''\ ; A few harmonics... f 1 0 65536 10 3 0 1 0 0 2 ; ...distorted by waveshaping. f 2 0 65536 13 1 1 0 3 0 2 ; Change the tempo, if you like. t 0 30 ; p1 p2 p3 p4 p5 p6 p7 p8 ; insno onset duration fundamental numerator denominator velocity pan ; What I want here is just intonation C major 7, G major 7, G 7, C major with voice leading. i 1 0 60 60 1 1 60 -0.875 i 1 0 180 60 3 2 60 0.000 i 1 0 60 60 28 15 60 0.875 i 1 60 60 60 9 8 60 0.875 i 1 60 30 60 10 7 64 -0.875 i 1 90 30 60 4 3 68 0.875 i 1 120 60 60 1 1 64 -0.875 i 1 120 60 60 5 4 62 0.000 i 1 120 60 60 2 1 58 0.875 i 30 0 -1 i 50 0 -1 s 10.0 e 10.0 ''' csoundCommands = { 'Audio': '--messagelevel=3 --noheader --nodisplays --sample-rate=44100 --control-rate=100 --midi-key=4 --midi-velocity=5 --output=%s' % ( dacName), 'Preview': '--messagelevel=3 -W -f --rewrite --dither --nopeaks --nodisplays --sample-rate=44100 --control-rate=441 --midi-key=4 --midi-velocity=5 -+id_artist=%s -+id_copyright=Copyright_2007_by_%s -+id_title=%s --output=%s' % (author, author, title, soundfileName), 'CD': '--messagelevel=3 -W -f --rewrite --dither --nopeaks --nodisplays --sample-rate=44100 --control-rate=44100 --midi-key=4 --midi-velocity=5 -+id_artist=%s -+id_copyright=Copyright_2007_by_%s -+id_title=%s --output=%s' % (author, author, title, soundfileName), 'Master': '--messagelevel=3 -W -f --rewrite --dither --nopeaks --nodisplays --sample-rate=88200 --control-rate=88200 --midi-key=4 --midi-velocity=5 -+id_artist=%s -+id_copyright=Copyright_2007_by_%s -+id_title=%s --output=%s' % (author, author, title, soundfileName) } ''' A simple Tkinter GUI with one slider per orchestra control channel. ''' class Application(Frame): def __init__(self, master, thread_ = False): Frame.__init__(self, master) self.master = master self.master.title('D R O N E') self.pack() self.csound = csnd6.CppSound() #self.csound.setPythonMessageCallback() self.playing = False self.thread_ = thread_ self.configuration = Configuration() r = 0 c = 0 self.leftFrame = Frame(self) self.leftFrame.grid(row=r, column=c, sticky=N+E+W, padx=4, pady=4) self.harmonicsFrame = Frame( self.leftFrame, bd = 2, relief = 'groove' ) self.harmonicsFrame.grid(row=r, column=c, sticky=N+E+W+S, padx=4, pady=4) self.harmonicsLabel = Label( self.harmonicsFrame, text = 'Oscillator harmonic content' ) self.harmonicsLabel.grid(row=r, column=c, sticky=N+E+W+S) r = r + 1 self.gkHarmonicTableFactor = Scale( self.harmonicsFrame, from_ = 0.0, to = 2.0, resolution = 0.001, length = 250, orient = HORIZONTAL, label = 'Wavetable harmonics multiplier', command = self.on_gkHarmonicTableFactor ) self.gkHarmonicTableFactor.grid(row=r, column=c, sticky=E+W) r = r + 1 self.distortFrame = Frame( self.leftFrame, bd = 2, relief = 'groove' ) self.distortFrame.grid(row=r, column=c, sticky=N+E+W+S, padx=4, pady=4) self.distortLabel = Label( self.distortFrame, text = 'Waveshaping distortion' ) self.distortLabel.grid(row=r, column=c, sticky=N+E+W+S) r = r + 1 self.gkDistortTableFactor = Scale( self.distortFrame, from_ = 0.0, to = 10.0, resolution = 0.001, length = 250, orient = HORIZONTAL, label = 'Distortion table multiplier', command = self.on_gkDistortTableFactor ) self.gkDistortTableFactor.grid(row=r, column=c, sticky=E+W) r = r + 1 self.gkDistortFactor = Scale( self.distortFrame, from_ = 0.0, to = 1.0, resolution = 0.001, length = 250, orient = HORIZONTAL, label = 'Distortion gain', command = self.on_gkDistortFactor ) self.gkDistortFactor.grid(row=r, column=c, sticky=E+W) r = r + 1 r = 0 c = 1 self.rightFrame = Frame(self) self.rightFrame.grid(row=r, column=c, sticky=N+E+W, padx=4, pady=4) self.reverbFrame = Frame( self.rightFrame, bd = 2, relief = 'groove' ) self.reverbFrame.grid(row=r, column=c, sticky=N+E+W, padx=4, pady=4) self.reverbLabel = Label( self.reverbFrame, text = 'Reverbsc' ) self.reverbLabel.grid(row=r, column=c, sticky=E+W) r = r + 1 self.gkReverbscFeedback = Scale( self.reverbFrame, from_ = 0.0, to = 0.9999, resolution = 0.001, length = 250, orient = HORIZONTAL, label = 'Feedback (reverberation time)', command = self.on_gkReverbscFeedback ) self.gkReverbscFeedback.grid(row=r, column=c, sticky=E+W) r = r + 1 self.FactorFrame = Frame( self.rightFrame, bd = 2, relief = 'groove' ) self.FactorFrame.grid(row=r, column=c, sticky=N+E+W, padx=4, pady=4) self.FactorLabel = Label( self.FactorFrame, text = 'Master gain' ) self.FactorLabel.grid(row=r, column=c, sticky=E+W) r = r + 1 self.gkMasterLevel = Scale( self.FactorFrame, from_ = 0.0, to = 2.0, resolution = 0.001, length = 250, orient = HORIZONTAL, label = 'Level', command = self.on_gkMasterLevel ) self.gkMasterLevel.grid(row=r, column=c, sticky=E+W) r = r + 1 self.scoreTimeFrame = Frame( self.rightFrame, bd = 2, relief = 'groove' ) self.scoreTimeFrame.grid(row=r, column=c, sticky=N+E+W+S, padx=4, pady=4) self.scoreTimeLabel = Label( self.scoreTimeFrame, text = 'Score time' ) self.scoreTimeLabel.grid(row=r, column=c, sticky=N+E+W+S) r = r + 1 self.scoreTimeDoubleVar = DoubleVar() self.scoreTimeEntry = Entry( self.scoreTimeFrame, width = 40, textvariable = self.scoreTimeDoubleVar ) self.scoreTimeEntry.grid(row=r, column=c, sticky=N+E+W+S) r = r + 1 self.outputFrame = Frame( self.rightFrame, bd = 2, relief = 'groove' ) self.outputFrame.grid(row=r, column=c, sticky=N+E+W+S, padx=4, pady=4) self.outputLabel = Label( self.outputFrame, text = 'Output' ) self.outputLabel.grid(row=r, column=c, sticky=N+E+W+S) r = r + 1 self.outputStringVar = StringVar() self.output = Tix.ComboBox( self.outputFrame, listwidth = 80, ) self.output.grid(row=r, column=c, sticky=N+E+W+S, padx=4, pady=4) choices = csoundCommands.keys() choices.sort() index = 0 for choice in choices: self.output.insert(index, choice) index = index + 1 self.output.pick(0) r = r + 1 self.loadButton = Button( self.rightFrame, text = 'Load', command = self.on_load ) self.loadButton.grid(row=r, column=c, sticky=N+E+W+S, padx=4, pady=4) r = r + 1 self.saveButton = Button( self.rightFrame, text = 'Save', command = self.on_save ) self.saveButton.grid(row=r, column=c, sticky=N+E+W+S, padx=4, pady=4) r = r + 1 self.playButton = Button( self.rightFrame, text = 'Play', command = self.on_play ) self.playButton.grid(row=r, column=c, sticky=N+E+W+S, padx=4, pady=4) r = r + 1 self.configure() ''' Set initial control channel values. ''' def configure(self): self.gkHarmonicTableFactor.set(self.configuration.gkHarmonicTableFactor) self.gkDistortTableFactor.set(self.configuration.gkDistortTableFactor) self.gkDistortFactor.set(self.configuration.gkDistortFactor) self.gkReverbscFeedback.set(self.configuration.gkReverbscFeedback) self.gkMasterLevel.set(self.configuration.gkMasterLevel) self.outputStringVar.set(self.configuration.output) ''' Play if stopped, and stop if playing. ''' def on_play(self): if not self.playing: self.playButton['text'] = 'Stop' self.playing = True try: print 'Started playing...' self.csound.setOrchestra(csoundOrchestra) self.csound.setScore(csoundScore) output = self.output.cget('value') csoundCommand = csoundCommands[output] print csoundCommand self.csound.setCommand(csoundCommand) self.csound.compile() # Apply initial control channel values before actually starting synthesis. f = self.configuration.gkHarmonicTableFactor message = 'f 1 0 65536 10 3 0 %f 0 0 %f\n' % (f * 1.0, f * 2.0) self.csound.inputMessage(message) f = self.configuration.gkDistortTableFactor message = 'f 2 0 65536 13 1 %f 0 %f 0 %f\n' % (f * 1.0, f * 2.0, f * 3.0) self.csound.inputMessage(message) self.csound.SetChannel("gkDistortFactor", float(self.gkDistortFactor.get())) self.csound.SetChannel("gkReverbscFeedback", float(self.gkReverbscFeedback.get())) self.csound.SetChannel("gkMasterLevel", float(self.gkMasterLevel.get())) # Tkinter only likes 1 thread per application. # So, we hack the rules and switch back and forth between # computing sound and handling GUI events. # When the user closes the application, self.update will raise # an exception because the application has been destroyed. kperiod = 1 while self.playing and not self.csound.PerformKsmps(): kperiod = kperiod + 1 if kperiod % 10000 == 0: scoreTime = self.csound.GetScoreTime() self.scoreTimeDoubleVar.set(float(scoreTime)) try: self.update() except TclError: traceback.print_exc() self.playing = False self.csound.Reset() self.playButton['text'] = 'Play' self.playing = False if output != 'Audio': print 'OPENING SOUNDFILE FOR PLAYBACK...' print print 'Soundfile: "%s"' % soundfileName os.spawnl(os.P_NOWAIT, soundfilePlayer, soundfilePlayer, soundfileName) print except: traceback.print_exc() else: try: print 'Stopping...' self.playButton['text'] = 'Play' self.playing = False except: print traceback.print_exc() def on_load(self): try: filename = tkFileDialog.askopenfilename(filetypes=[('Drone files', "*.pickled"), ("All files", "*")]) picklefile = open(filename, 'rb') self.configuration = pickle.load(picklefile) picklefile.close() self.configure() print 'Loaded configuration: "%s".' % filename self.master.title('D R O N E %s' % filename) except: traceback.print_exc() def on_save(self): try: self.configuration.output = self.outputStringVar.get() filename = tkFileDialog.asksaveasfilename(filetypes=[('Drone files', "*.pickled"), ("All files", "*")]) picklefile = open(filename, 'wb') pickle.dump(self.configuration, picklefile) picklefile.close() print 'Saved configuration: "%s".' % filename self.master.title('D R O N E %s' % filename) except: traceback.print_exc() def on_gkHarmonicTableFactor(self, value): f = float(value) self.configuration.gkHarmonicTableFactor = f message = 'f 1 0 65536 10 3 0 %f 0 0 %f\n' % (f * 1.0, f * 2.0) self.csound.inputMessage(message) def on_gkDistortTableFactor(self, value): f = float(value) self.configuration.gkDistortTableFactor = f message = 'f 2 0 65536 13 1 %f 0 %f 0 %f\n' % (f * 1.0, f * 2.0, f * 3.0) self.csound.inputMessage(message) def on_gkDistortFactor(self, value): self.csound.SetChannel("gkDistortFactor", float(value)) self.configuration.gkDistortFactor = value def on_gkReverbscFeedback(self, value): self.csound.SetChannel("gkReverbscFeedback", float(value)) self.configuration.gkReverbscFeedback = value def on_gkMasterLevel(self, value): self.csound.SetChannel("gkMasterLevel", float(value)) self.configuration.gkMasterLevel = value try: tk = Tix.Tk() application = Application(tk) application.mainloop() # Before the application exits, its reference to Csound # must be nulled, so that Csound is not deleted twice # (once by Tkinter and once by the Python garbage collector). application.csound = None except: traceback.print_exc()