<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
<title>sin</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="csound.css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="syntax-highlighting.css" />
<meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot" />
<link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The Canonical Csound Reference Manual" />
<link rel="up" href="OpcodesTop.html" title="Orchestra Opcodes and Operators" />
<link rel="prev" href="signum.html" title="signum" />
<link rel="next" href="sinh.html" title="sinh" />
</head>
<body>
<div class="navheader">
<table width="100%" summary="Navigation header">
<tr>
<th colspan="3" align="center">sin</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="signum.html">Prev</a> </td>
<th width="60%" align="center">Orchestra Opcodes and Operators</th>
<td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="sinh.html">Next</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
<hr />
</div>
<div class="refentry">
<a id="sin"></a>
<div class="titlepage"></div>
<a id="IndexSin" class="indexterm"></a>
<div class="refnamediv">
<h2>
<span class="refentrytitle">sin</span>
</h2>
<p>sin —
Performs a sine function.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472890053176"></a>
<h2>Description</h2>
<p>
Returns the sine of <span class="emphasis"><em>x</em></span> (<span class="emphasis"><em>x</em></span> in radians).
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472889995944"></a>
<h2>Syntax</h2>
<pre class="synopsis"><span class="command"><strong>sin</strong></span>(x) (no rate restriction)</pre>
<pre class="synopsis"><span class="command"><strong>sin</strong></span>(k/i[]) (k- or i-arrays )</pre>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472889992648"></a>
<h2>Examples</h2>
<p>
Here is an example of the sin opcode. It uses the file <a class="ulink" href="examples/sin.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">sin.csd</em></a>.
</p>
<div class="example">
<a id="idm281472889990872"></a>
<p class="title">
<strong>Example 895. Example of the sin opcode.</strong>
</p>
<div class="example-contents">
<p>See the sections <a class="link" href="UsingRealTime.html" title="Real-Time Audio"><em class="citetitle">Real-time Audio</em></a> and <a class="link" href="CommandFlags.html" title="Csound command line"><em class="citetitle">Command Line Flags</em></a> for more information on using command line flags.</p>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472710222184"></a>
<pre class="programlisting">
<span class="nt"><CsoundSynthesizer></span>
<span class="nt"><CsOptions></span>
<span class="c1">; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform</span>
-odac <span class="c1">;;;realtime audio out</span>
<span class="c1">;-iadc ;;;uncomment -iadc if realtime audio input is needed too</span>
<span class="c1">; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:</span>
<span class="c1">; -o sin.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform</span>
<span class="nt"></CsOptions></span>
<span class="nt"><CsInstruments></span>
<span class="vg">sr</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">44100</span>
<span class="vg">ksmps</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">32</span>
<span class="vg">nchnls</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
<span class="vg">0dbfs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="kd">instr</span> <span class="nf">1</span>
i<span class="n">sin1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">sin</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">;sine of 0 is 0</span>
i<span class="n">sin2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">sin</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="cp">$M_PI_2</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">;sine of pi/2 (1.5707...) is 1</span>
i<span class="n">sin3</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">sin</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="cp">$M_PI</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">;sine of pi (3.1415...) is 0</span>
i<span class="n">sin4</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">sin</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="cp">$M_PI_2</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">;sine of 3/2pi (4.7123...) is -1</span>
i<span class="n">sin5</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">sin</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="cp">$M_PI</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">;sine of 2pi (6.2831...) is 0</span>
i<span class="n">sin6</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">sin</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="cp">$M_PI</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">;sine of 4pi is also 0</span>
<span class="nb">print</span> i<span class="n">sin1</span><span class="p">,</span> i<span class="n">sin2</span><span class="p">,</span> i<span class="n">sin3</span><span class="p">,</span> i<span class="n">sin4</span><span class="p">,</span> i<span class="n">sin5</span><span class="p">,</span> i<span class="n">sin6</span>
<span class="kd">endin</span>
<span class="kd">instr</span> <span class="nf">2</span> <span class="c1">;sin used in panning, after an example from Hans Mikelson</span>
a<span class="n">out</span> <span class="nb">vco2</span> <span class="mf">0.8</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">220</span> <span class="c1">; sawtooth</span>
k<span class="n">pan</span> <span class="nb">linseg</span> <span class="nb">p4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">p3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">p5</span> <span class="c1">;0 = left, 1 = right</span>
k<span class="n">pan</span> <span class="o">=</span> k<span class="n">pan</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="cp">$M_PI_2</span> <span class="c1">;range 0-1 becomes 0-pi/2</span>
k<span class="n">panl</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">cos</span><span class="p">(</span>k<span class="n">pan</span><span class="p">)</span>
k<span class="n">panr</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">sin</span><span class="p">(</span>k<span class="n">pan</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nb">outs</span> a<span class="n">out</span><span class="o">*</span>k<span class="n">panl</span><span class="p">,</span> a<span class="n">out</span><span class="o">*</span>k<span class="n">panr</span>
<span class="kd">endin</span>
<span class="nt"></CsInstruments></span>
<span class="nt"><CsScore></span>
<span class="nb">i</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
<span class="nb">i</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="mi">5</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="c1">;move left to right</span>
<span class="nb">i</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="mi">5</span> <span class="mi">5</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="c1">;move right to left</span>
<span class="nb">e</span>
<span class="nt"></CsScore></span>
<span class="nt"></CsoundSynthesizer></span>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p><br class="example-break" />
Its output should include a line like this:
</p>
<pre class="screen">instr 1: isin1 = 0.000 isin2 = 1.000 isin3 = 0.000 isin4 = -1.000 isin5 = -0.000 isin6 = 0.000</pre>
<p>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472889985864"></a>
<h2>See Also</h2>
<p>
<a class="link" href="cos.html" title="cos"><em class="citetitle">cos</em></a>,
<a class="link" href="cosh.html" title="cosh"><em class="citetitle">cosh</em></a>,
<a class="link" href="cosinv.html" title="cosinv"><em class="citetitle">cosinv</em></a>,
<a class="link" href="sinh.html" title="sinh"><em class="citetitle">sinh</em></a>,
<a class="link" href="sininv.html" title="sininv"><em class="citetitle">sininv</em></a>,
<a class="link" href="tan.html" title="tan"><em class="citetitle">tan</em></a>,
<a class="link" href="tanh.html" title="tanh"><em class="citetitle">tanh</em></a>,
<a class="link" href="taninv.html" title="taninv"><em class="citetitle">taninv</em></a>
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="navfooter">
<hr />
<table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer">
<tr>
<td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="signum.html">Prev</a> </td>
<td width="20%" align="center">
<a accesskey="u" href="OpcodesTop.html">Up</a>
</td>
<td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="sinh.html">Next</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">signum </td>
<td width="20%" align="center">
<a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a>
</td>
<td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> sinh</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
distrib
>
Mageia
>
7
>
armv7hl
>
media
>
core-release
>
by-pkgid
>
5fcfcb7517038d1f44ab4e478e6e61fa
>
files
>
2901
