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<h2>
<span class="refentrytitle">vbapg</span>
</h2>
<p>vbapg —
Calculates the gains for a sound location between multiple channels.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472875808600"></a>
<h2>Description</h2>
<p>
Calculates the gains for a sound location for up to 64.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472875765240"></a>
<h2>Syntax</h2>
<pre class="synopsis">k1[, k2...] <span class="command"><strong>vbapg</strong></span> kazim [,kelev] [, kspread] [, ilayout]</pre>
<pre class="synopsis">karray[] <span class="command"><strong>vbapg</strong></span> kazim [,kelev] [, kspread] [, ilayout]</pre>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472875761656"></a>
<h2>Initialization</h2>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>ilayout</em></span> -- index of the speaker layout in
the range 0-99, corresponding to a call to
<span class="emphasis"><em>vbaplsinit</em></span>. The default value is 0.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472875759480"></a>
<h2>Performance</h2>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>kazim</em></span> -- azimuth angle of the virtual source
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>kelev</em></span> (optional) -- elevation angle of the virtual source
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>kspread</em></span> (optional) -- spreading of the
virtual source (range 0 - 100). If value is zero, conventional
amplitude panning is used. When <span class="emphasis"><em>kspread</em></span> is
increased, the number of loudspeakers used in panning
increases. If value is 100, the sound is applied to all
loudspeakers.
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>vbapg</em></span> calculates the gains that an input
signal would have between multiple speakers
according to the controls <span class="emphasis"><em>kazim</em></span> and
<span class="emphasis"><em>kelev</em></span>, and the configured loudspeaker
placement <span class="emphasis"><em>ilayout</em></span>. If <span class="emphasis"><em>idim</em></span> = 2,
<span class="emphasis"><em>kelev</em></span> is set to zero. The distribution is
performed using Vector Base Amplitude Panning (VBAP - See
reference). VBAP distributes the signal using loudspeaker data
configured with <span class="emphasis"><em>vbaplsinit</em></span>. The signal is
applied to, at most, two loudspeakers in 2-D loudspeaker
configurations, and three loudspeakers in 3-D loudspeaker
configurations. If the virtual source is panned outside the
region spanned by loudspeakers, the nearest loudspeakers are
used in panning.
</p>
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<td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25">
<img alt="[Warning]" src="images/warning.png" />
</td>
<th align="left">Warning</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>Please note that all <span class="emphasis"><em>vbap</em></span> panning opcodes require the <span class="emphasis"><em>vbap</em></span> system to be initialized using <a class="link" href="vbaplsinit.html" title="vbaplsinit"><em class="citetitle">vbaplsinit</em></a>.</p>
</td>
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<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472875748632"></a>
<h2>Examples</h2>
<p>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472875747448"></a>
<h2>Reference</h2>
<p>
Ville Pulkki: <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Virtual Sound Source Positioning Using Vector Base Amplitude Panning</span>”</span> <span class="emphasis"><em>Journal of the Audio Engineering Society</em></span>, 1997 June, Vol. 45/6, p. 456.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472875745272"></a>
<h2>Examples</h2>
<p>
Here is an example of the vbapg opcode. It uses the file <a class="ulink" href="examples/vbapg.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">vbapg.csd</em></a>.
</p>
<div class="example">
<a id="idm281472875743416"></a>
<p class="title">
<strong>Example 1053. Example of the vbapg opcode.</strong>
</p>
<div class="example-contents">
<p>See the sections <a class="link" href="UsingRealTime.html" title="Real-Time Audio"><em class="citetitle">Real-time Audio</em></a> and <a class="link" href="CommandFlags.html" title="Csound command line"><em class="citetitle">Command Line Flags</em></a> for more information on using command line flags.</p>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472695712168"></a>
<pre class="programlisting">
<span class="nt"><CsoundSynthesizer></span>
<span class="nt"><CsOptions></span>
<span class="c1">; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform</span>
-odac <span class="c1">;;;realtime audio out</span>
<span class="c1">;-iadc ;;;uncomment -iadc if realtime audio input is needed too</span>
<span class="c1">; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:</span>
<span class="c1">; -o vbap4.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform</span>
<span class="nt"></CsOptions></span>
<span class="nt"><CsInstruments></span>
<span class="vg">sr</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">44100</span>
<span class="vg">ksmps</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">32</span>
<span class="vg">nchnls</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">4</span> <span class="c1">;quad</span>
<span class="vg">0dbfs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="nb">vbaplsinit</span> <span class="mf">2.01</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">90</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">180</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">270</span>
<span class="kd">instr</span> <span class="nf">1</span>
a<span class="n">sig</span> <span class="nb">diskin2</span> <span class="s">"beats.wav"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="c1">;loop beats.wav</span>
k<span class="n">az</span> <span class="nb">line</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">p3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">p4</span> <span class="c1">;come from right rear speaker & </span>
k<span class="n">1</span><span class="p">,</span>k<span class="n">2</span><span class="p">,</span>k<span class="n">3</span><span class="p">,</span>k<span class="n">4</span> <span class="nb">vbapg</span> <span class="mi">180</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">,</span> k<span class="n">az</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="c1">;change spread of soundsource</span>
<span class="nb">printks</span> <span class="s">"spread of source = </span><span class="si">%d</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> k<span class="n">az</span> <span class="c1">;print spread value</span>
<span class="nb">outq</span> a<span class="n">sig</span><span class="o">*</span>k<span class="n">1</span><span class="p">,</span>a<span class="n">sig</span><span class="o">*</span>k<span class="n">2</span><span class="p">,</span>a<span class="n">sig</span><span class="o">*</span>k<span class="n">3</span><span class="p">,</span>a<span class="n">sig</span><span class="o">*</span>k<span class="n">4</span>
<span class="kd">endin</span>
<span class="nt"></CsInstruments></span>
<span class="nt"><CsScore></span>
<span class="nb">i</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="mi">12</span> <span class="mi">100</span>
<span class="nb">e</span>
<span class="nt"></CsScore></span>
<span class="nt"></CsoundSynthesizer></span>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p><br class="example-break" />
Its output should include lines like these:
</p>
<pre class="screen">
spread of source = 0
spread of source = 8
spread of source = 17
spread of source = 25
spread of source = 33
spread of source = 42
spread of source = 50
spread of source = 58
spread of source = 67
spread of source = 75
spread of source = 83
spread of source = 92
spread of source = 100
</pre>
<p>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472875738120"></a>
<h2>See Also</h2>
<p>
<a class="link" href="vbap.html" title="vbap"><em class="citetitle">vbap</em></a>,
<a class="link" href="vbapmove.html" title="vbapmove"><em class="citetitle">vbapmove</em></a>,
<a class="link" href="vbap4.html" title="vbap4"><em class="citetitle">vbap4</em></a>,
<a class="link" href="vbap4move.html" title="vbap4move"><em class="citetitle">vbap4move</em></a>,
<a class="link" href="vbap8.html" title="vbap8"><em class="citetitle">vbap8</em></a>,
<a class="link" href="vbap8move.html" title="vbap8move"><em class="citetitle">vbap8move</em></a>,
<a class="link" href="vbap16.html" title="vbap16"><em class="citetitle">vbap16</em></a>,
<a class="link" href="vbap16move.html" title="vbap16move"><em class="citetitle">vbap16move</em></a>,
<a class="link" href="vbaplsinit.html" title="vbaplsinit"><em class="citetitle">vbaplsinit</em></a>,
<a class="link" href="vbapz.html" title="vbapz"><em class="citetitle">vbapz</em></a>,
<a class="link" href="vbapzmove.html" title="vbapzmove"><em class="citetitle">vbapzmove</em></a>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472875726440"></a>
<h2>Credits</h2>
<p>
</p>
<table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist">
<tr>
<td>Author: Ville Pulkki</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sibelius Academy Computer Music Studio</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Laboratory of Acoustics and Audio Signal Processing</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Helsinki University of Technology</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Helsinki, Finland</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>May 2000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Author: John ffitch</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>July 2012, Sept 2013</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>
</p>
<p>New in Csound Version 5.17.13. </p>
<p>Array version new in Csound Version 6.01. </p>
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