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<h2>
<span class="refentrytitle">adsynt2</span>
</h2>
<p>adsynt2 —
Performs additive synthesis with an arbitrary number of partials -not necessarily harmonic- with interpolation.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472951884216"></a>
<h2>Description</h2>
<p>
Performs additive synthesis with an arbitrary number of partials, not necessarily harmonic. (see <a class="link" href="adsynt.html" title="adsynt"><em class="citetitle">adsynt</em></a> for detailed manual)
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472951810136"></a>
<h2>Syntax</h2>
<pre class="synopsis">ar <span class="command"><strong>adsynt2</strong></span> kamp, kcps, iwfn, ifreqfn, iampfn, icnt [, iphs]</pre>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472951807880"></a>
<h2>Initialization</h2>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>iwfn</em></span> -- table containing a waveform, usually a sine. Table values are not interpolated for performance reasons, so larger tables provide better quality.
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>ifreqfn</em></span> -- table containing frequency values for each partial. <span class="emphasis"><em>ifreqfn</em></span> may contain beginning frequency values for each partial, but is usually used for generating parameters at runtime with <span class="emphasis"><em>tablew</em></span>. Frequencies must be relative to <span class="emphasis"><em>kcps</em></span>. Size must be at least <span class="emphasis"><em>icnt</em></span>.
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>iampfn</em></span> -- table containing amplitude values for each partial. <span class="emphasis"><em>iampfn</em></span> may contain beginning amplitude values for each partial, but is usually used for generating parameters at runtime with <span class="emphasis"><em>tablew</em></span>. Amplitudes must be relative to <span class="emphasis"><em>kamp</em></span>. Size must be at least <span class="emphasis"><em>icnt</em></span>.
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>icnt</em></span> -- number of partials to be generated
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>iphs</em></span> -- initial phase of each oscillator, if <span class="emphasis"><em>iphs</em></span> = -1, initialization is skipped. If <span class="emphasis"><em>iphs</em></span> > 1, all phases will be initialized with a random value.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472951797800"></a>
<h2>Performance</h2>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>kamp</em></span> -- amplitude of note
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>kcps</em></span> -- base frequency of note. Partial frequencies will be relative to <span class="emphasis"><em>kcps</em></span>.
</p>
<p>
Frequency and amplitude of each partial is given in the two tables provided. The purpose of this opcode is to have an instrument generate synthesis parameters at k-rate and write them to global parameter tables with the <span class="emphasis"><em>tablew</em></span> opcode.
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>adsynt2</em></span> is identical to <span class="emphasis"><em>adsynt</em></span> (by Peter Neubäcker), except it provides linear interpolation for amplitude envelopes of each partial. It is a bit slower than <span class="emphasis"><em>adsynt</em></span>, but interpolation higly improves sound quality in fast amplitude envelope transients when <span class="emphasis"><em>kr</em></span> < <span class="emphasis"><em>sr</em></span> (i.e. when <span class="emphasis"><em>ksmps</em></span> > 1). No interpolation is provided for pitch envelopes, since in this case sound quality degradation is not so evident even with high values of <span class="emphasis"><em>ksmps</em></span>. It is not recommended when <span class="emphasis"><em>kr</em></span> = <span class="emphasis"><em>sr</em></span>, in this case <span class="emphasis"><em>adsynt</em></span> is better (since it is faster).
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472951788312"></a>
<h2>Examples</h2>
<p>
Here is an example of the adsynt2 opcode. It uses the file <a class="ulink" href="examples/adsynt2.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">adsynt2.csd</em></a>. These two instruments perform additive synthesis. The output of each sounds like a Tibetan bowl. The first one is static, as parameters are only generated at init-time. In the second one, parameters are continuously changed.
</p>
<div class="example">
<a id="idm281472951786232"></a>
<p class="title">
<strong>Example 48. Example of the adsynt2 opcode.</strong>
</p>
<div class="example-contents">
<p>See the sections <a class="link" href="UsingRealTime.html" title="Real-Time Audio"><em class="citetitle">Real-time Audio</em></a> and <a class="link" href="CommandFlags.html" title="Csound command line"><em class="citetitle">Command Line Flags</em></a> for more information on using command line flags.</p>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472787369032"></a>
<pre class="programlisting">
<span class="nt"><CsoundSynthesizer></span>
<span class="nt"><CsOptions></span>
<span class="c1">; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform</span>
-odac <span class="c1">;;;RT audio out</span>
<span class="c1">;-iadc ;;;uncomment -iadc if RT audio input is needed too</span>
<span class="c1">; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:</span>
<span class="c1">; -o adsynt2.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform</span>
<span class="nt"></CsOptions></span>
<span class="nt"><CsInstruments></span>
<span class="vg">sr</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">44100</span>
<span class="vg">ksmps</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">32</span>
<span class="vg">nchnls</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
<span class="vg">0dbfs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="c1">; Generate a sinewave table.</span>
gi<span class="n">wave</span> <span class="nb">ftgen</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1024</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="c1">; Generate two empty tables for adsynt2.</span>
gi<span class="n">frqs</span> <span class="nb">ftgen</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">32</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">32</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
<span class="c1">; A table for freqency and amp parameters.</span>
gi<span class="n">amps</span> <span class="nb">ftgen</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">32</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">32</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
<span class="c1">; Generates parameters at init time</span>
<span class="kd">instr</span> <span class="nf">1</span>
<span class="c1">; Generate 10 voices.</span>
i<span class="n">cnt</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">10</span>
<span class="c1">; Init loop index.</span>
i<span class="n">ndex</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
<span class="c1">; Loop only executed at init time.</span>
<span class="nl">loop</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="c1">; Define non-harmonic partials.</span>
i<span class="n">freq</span> <span class="nb">pow</span> i<span class="n">ndex</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">1.5</span>
<span class="c1">; Define amplitudes.</span>
i<span class="n">amp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="p">(</span>i<span class="n">ndex</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1">; Write to tables.</span>
<span class="nb">tableiw</span> i<span class="n">freq</span><span class="p">,</span> i<span class="n">ndex</span><span class="p">,</span> gi<span class="n">frqs</span>
<span class="c1">; Used by adsynt2.</span>
<span class="nb">tableiw</span> i<span class="n">amp</span><span class="p">,</span> i<span class="n">ndex</span><span class="p">,</span> gi<span class="n">amps</span>
i<span class="n">ndex</span> <span class="o">=</span> i<span class="n">ndex</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="c1">; Do loop/</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span>i<span class="n">ndex</span> <span class="o"><</span> i<span class="n">cnt</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">igoto</span> <span class="nl">loop</span>
a<span class="n">sig</span> <span class="nb">adsynt2</span> <span class="mf">0.4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">150</span><span class="p">,</span> gi<span class="n">wave</span><span class="p">,</span> gi<span class="n">frqs</span><span class="p">,</span> gi<span class="n">amps</span><span class="p">,</span> i<span class="n">cnt</span>
<span class="nb">outs</span> a<span class="n">sig</span><span class="p">,</span> a<span class="n">sig</span>
<span class="kd">endin</span>
<span class="c1">; Generates parameters every k-cycle.</span>
<span class="kd">instr</span> <span class="nf">2</span>
<span class="c1">; Generate 10 voices.</span>
i<span class="n">cnt</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">10</span>
<span class="c1">; Reset loop index.</span>
k<span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
<span class="c1">; Loop executed every k-cycle.</span>
<span class="nl">loop</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="c1">; Generate lfo for frequencies.</span>
k<span class="n">speed</span> <span class="nb">pow</span> k<span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">1.6</span>
<span class="c1">; Individual phase for each voice.</span>
k<span class="n">phas</span> <span class="nb">phasorbnk</span> k<span class="n">speed</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mf">0.7</span><span class="p">,</span> k<span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span> i<span class="n">cnt</span>
k<span class="n">lfo</span> <span class="nb">table</span> k<span class="n">phas</span><span class="p">,</span> gi<span class="n">wave</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="c1">; Arbitrary parameter twiddling...</span>
k<span class="n">depth</span> <span class="nb">pow</span> <span class="mf">1.4</span><span class="p">,</span> k<span class="n">index</span>
k<span class="n">freq</span> <span class="nb">pow</span> k<span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">1.5</span>
k<span class="n">freq</span> <span class="o">=</span> k<span class="n">freq</span> <span class="o">+</span> k<span class="n">lfo</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="mf">0.006</span><span class="o">*</span>k<span class="n">depth</span>
<span class="c1">; Write freqs to table for adsynt2.</span>
<span class="nb">tablew</span> k<span class="n">freq</span><span class="p">,</span> k<span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span> gi<span class="n">frqs</span>
<span class="c1">; Generate lfo for amplitudes.</span>
k<span class="n">speed</span> <span class="nb">pow</span> k<span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.8</span>
<span class="c1">; Individual phase for each voice.</span>
k<span class="n">phas</span> <span class="nb">phasorbnk</span> k<span class="n">speed</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="mf">0.13</span><span class="p">,</span> k<span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span> i<span class="n">cnt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
k<span class="n">lfo</span> <span class="nb">table</span> k<span class="n">phas</span><span class="p">,</span> gi<span class="n">wave</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="c1">; Arbitrary parameter twiddling...</span>
k<span class="n">amp</span> <span class="nb">pow</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="p">(</span>k<span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="mf">0.4</span>
k<span class="n">amp</span> <span class="o">=</span> k<span class="n">amp</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.3</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mf">0.35</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">(</span>k<span class="n">lfo</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="c1">; Write amps to table for adsynt2.</span>
<span class="nb">tablew</span> k<span class="n">amp</span><span class="p">,</span> k<span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span> gi<span class="n">amps</span>
k<span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">=</span> k<span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="c1">; Do loop.</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span>k<span class="n">index</span> <span class="o"><</span> i<span class="n">cnt</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">kgoto</span> <span class="nl">loop</span>
a<span class="n">sig</span> <span class="nb">adsynt2</span> <span class="mf">0.25</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">150</span><span class="p">,</span> gi<span class="n">wave</span><span class="p">,</span> gi<span class="n">frqs</span><span class="p">,</span> gi<span class="n">amps</span><span class="p">,</span> i<span class="n">cnt</span>
<span class="nb">outs</span> a<span class="n">sig</span><span class="p">,</span> a<span class="n">sig</span>
<span class="kd">endin</span>
<span class="nt"></CsInstruments></span>
<span class="nt"><CsScore></span>
<span class="c1">; Play Instrument #1 for 2.5 seconds.</span>
<span class="nb">i</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="mf">2.5</span>
<span class="c1">; Play Instrument #2 for 2.5 seconds.</span>
<span class="nb">i</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="mi">3</span> <span class="mf">2.5</span>
<span class="nb">e</span>
<span class="nt"></CsScore></span>
<span class="nt"></CsoundSynthesizer></span>
</pre>
</div>
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</div>
<p><br class="example-break" />
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472951782040"></a>
<h2>Credits</h2>
<p>Written by Gabriel Maldonado.</p>
<p>New in Csound 5 (Previously available only on CsoundAV)</p>
</div>
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