<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <title>atone</title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="csound.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="syntax-highlighting.css" /> <meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot" /> <link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The Canonical Csound Reference Manual" /> <link rel="up" href="OpcodesTop.html" title="Orchestra Opcodes and Operators" /> <link rel="prev" href="aresonk.html" title="aresonk" /> <link rel="next" href="atonek.html" title="atonek" /> </head> <body> <div class="navheader"> <table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"> <tr> <th colspan="3" align="center">atone</th> </tr> <tr> <td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="aresonk.html">Prev</a> </td> <th width="60%" align="center">Orchestra Opcodes and Operators</th> <td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="atonek.html">Next</a></td> </tr> </table> <hr /> </div> <div class="refentry"> <a id="atone"></a> <div class="titlepage"></div> <a id="IndexAtone" class="indexterm"></a> <div class="refnamediv"> <h2> <span class="refentrytitle">atone</span> </h2> <p>atone — A hi-pass filter whose transfer functions are the complements of the <a class="link" href="tone.html" title="tone"><em class="citetitle">tone</em></a> opcode. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1"> <a id="idm281472951149400"></a> <h2>Description</h2> <p> A hi-pass filter whose transfer functions are the complements of the <a class="link" href="tone.html" title="tone"><em class="citetitle">tone</em></a> opcode. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1"> <a id="idm281472951147160"></a> <h2>Syntax</h2> <pre class="synopsis">ares <span class="command"><strong>atone</strong></span> asig, khp [, iskip]</pre> </div> <div class="refsect1"> <a id="idm281472951144920"></a> <h2>Initialization</h2> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>iskip</em></span> (optional, default=0) -- initial disposition of internal data space. Since filtering incorporates a feedback loop of previous output, the initial status of the storage space used is significant. A zero value will clear the space; a non-zero value will allow previous information to remain. The default value is 0. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1"> <a id="idm281472951142632"></a> <h2>Performance</h2> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>ares</em></span> -- the output signal at audio rate. </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>asig</em></span> -- the input signal at audio rate. </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>khp</em></span> -- the response curve's half-power point, in Hertz. Half power is defined as peak power / root 2. </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>atone</em></span> is a filter whose transfer functions is the complement of <a class="link" href="tone.html" title="tone"><em class="citetitle">tone</em></a>. <span class="emphasis"><em>atone</em></span> is thus a form of high-pass filter whose transfer functions represent the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">filtered out</span>”</span> aspects of their complements. However, power scaling is not normalized in <span class="emphasis"><em>atone</em></span> but remains the true complement of the corresponding unit. Thus an audio signal, filtered by parallel matching <span class="emphasis"><em>tone</em></span> and <span class="emphasis"><em>atone</em></span> units, would under addition simply reconstruct the original spectrum. </p> <p> This property is particularly useful for controlled mixing of different sources (see <a class="link" href="lpreson.html" title="lpreson"><em class="citetitle">lpreson</em></a>). Complex response curves such as those with multiple peaks can be obtained by using a bank of suitable filters in series. (The resultant response is the product of the component responses.) In such cases, the combined attenuation may result in a serious loss of signal power, but this can be regained by the use of <a class="link" href="balance.html" title="balance"><em class="citetitle">balance</em></a>. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1"> <a id="idm281472951131784"></a> <h2>Examples</h2> <p> Here is an example of the atone opcode. It uses the file <a class="ulink" href="examples/atone.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">atone.csd</em></a>. </p> <div class="example"> <a id="idm281472951129928"></a> <p class="title"> <strong>Example 58. Example of the atone opcode.</strong> </p> <div class="example-contents"> <p>See the sections <a class="link" href="UsingRealTime.html" title="Real-Time Audio"><em class="citetitle">Real-time Audio</em></a> and <a class="link" href="CommandFlags.html" title="Csound command line"><em class="citetitle">Command Line Flags</em></a> for more information on using command line flags.</p> <div class="refsect1"> <a id="idm281472786665064"></a> <pre class="programlisting"> <span class="nt"><CsoundSynthesizer></span> <span class="nt"><CsOptions></span> <span class="c1">; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform</span> -odac <span class="c1">;;;RT audio out</span> <span class="c1">;-iadc ;;;uncomment -iadc if RT audio input is needed too</span> <span class="c1">; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:</span> <span class="c1">; -o atone.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform</span> <span class="nt"></CsOptions></span> <span class="nt"><CsInstruments></span> <span class="vg">sr</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">44100</span> <span class="vg">ksmps</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">32</span> <span class="vg">nchnls</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="vg">0dbfs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="kd">instr</span> <span class="nf">1</span> <span class="c1">;white noise</span> a<span class="n">sig</span> <span class="nb">rand</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="nb">outs</span> a<span class="n">sig</span><span class="p">,</span> a<span class="n">sig</span> <span class="kd">endin</span> <span class="kd">instr</span> <span class="nf">2</span> <span class="c1">;filtered noise</span> a<span class="n">sig</span> <span class="nb">rand</span> <span class="mi">1</span> k<span class="n">hp</span> <span class="nb">init</span> <span class="mi">4000</span> a<span class="n">sig</span> <span class="nb">atone</span> a<span class="n">sig</span><span class="p">,</span> k<span class="n">hp</span> <span class="nb">outs</span> a<span class="n">sig</span><span class="p">,</span> a<span class="n">sig</span> <span class="kd">endin</span> <span class="nt"></CsInstruments></span> <span class="nt"><CsScore></span> <span class="nb">i</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="nb">i</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="nb">e</span> <span class="nt"></CsScore></span> <span class="nt"></CsoundSynthesizer></span> </pre> </div> </div> </div> <p><br class="example-break" /> </p> </div> <div class="refsect1"> <a id="idm281472951125608"></a> <h2>See Also</h2> <p> <a class="link" href="areson.html" title="areson"><em class="citetitle">areson</em></a>, <a class="link" href="aresonk.html" title="aresonk"><em class="citetitle">aresonk</em></a>, <a class="link" href="atonek.html" title="atonek"><em class="citetitle">atonek</em></a>, <a class="link" href="port.html" title="port"><em class="citetitle">port</em></a>, <a class="link" href="portk.html" title="portk"><em class="citetitle">portk</em></a>, <a class="link" href="reson.html" title="reson"><em class="citetitle">reson</em></a>, <a class="link" href="resonk.html" title="resonk"><em class="citetitle">resonk</em></a>, <a class="link" href="tone.html" title="tone"><em class="citetitle">tone</em></a>, <a class="link" href="tonek.html" title="tonek"><em class="citetitle">tonek</em></a> </p> </div> </div> <div class="navfooter"> <hr /> <table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"> <tr> <td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="aresonk.html">Prev</a> </td> <td width="20%" align="center"> <a accesskey="u" href="OpcodesTop.html">Up</a> </td> <td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="atonek.html">Next</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">aresonk </td> <td width="20%" align="center"> <a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a> </td> <td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> atonek</td> </tr> </table> </div> </body> </html>