<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
<title>atonex</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="csound.css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="syntax-highlighting.css" />
<meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot" />
<link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The Canonical Csound Reference Manual" />
<link rel="up" href="OpcodesTop.html" title="Orchestra Opcodes and Operators" />
<link rel="prev" href="atonek.html" title="atonek" />
<link rel="next" href="ATSadd.html" title="ATSadd" />
</head>
<body>
<div class="navheader">
<table width="100%" summary="Navigation header">
<tr>
<th colspan="3" align="center">atonex</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="atonek.html">Prev</a> </td>
<th width="60%" align="center">Orchestra Opcodes and Operators</th>
<td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ATSadd.html">Next</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
<hr />
</div>
<div class="refentry">
<a id="atonex"></a>
<div class="titlepage"></div>
<a id="IndexAtonex" class="indexterm"></a>
<div class="refnamediv">
<h2>
<span class="refentrytitle">atonex</span>
</h2>
<p>atonex —
Emulates a stack of filters using the atone opcode.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472951037192"></a>
<h2>Description</h2>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>atonex</em></span> is equivalent to a filter consisting of more layers of <a class="link" href="atone.html" title="atone"><em class="citetitle">atone</em></a> with the same arguments, serially connected. Using a stack of a larger number of filters allows a sharper cutoff. They are faster than using a larger number instances in a Csound orchestra of the old opcodes, because only one initialization and k- cycle are needed at time and the audio loop falls entirely inside the cache memory of processor.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472950994312"></a>
<h2>Syntax</h2>
<pre class="synopsis">ares <span class="command"><strong>atonex</strong></span> asig, khp [, inumlayer] [, iskip]</pre>
<pre class="synopsis">ares <span class="command"><strong>atonex</strong></span> asig, ahp [, inumlayer] [, iskip]</pre>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472950990664"></a>
<h2>Initialization</h2>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>inumlayer</em></span> (optional) -- number of elements in the filter stack. Default value is 4.
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>iskip</em></span> (optional, default=0) -- initial disposition of internal data space. Since filtering incorporates a feedback loop of previous output, the initial status of the storage space used is significant. A zero value will clear the space; a non-zero value will allow previous information to remain. The default value is 0.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472950987928"></a>
<h2>Performance</h2>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>asig</em></span> -- input signal
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>khp</em></span>/<span class="emphasis"><em>ahp</em></span> -- the response curve's half-power point. Half power is defined as peak power / root 2.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472950984984"></a>
<h2>Examples</h2>
<p>
Here is an example of the atonex opcode. It uses the file <a class="ulink" href="examples/atonex.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">atonex.csd</em></a>.
</p>
<div class="example">
<a id="idm281472950983128"></a>
<p class="title">
<strong>Example 60. Example of the atonex opcode.</strong>
</p>
<div class="example-contents">
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472786035544"></a>
<pre class="programlisting">
<span class="nt"><CsoundSynthesizer></span>
<span class="nt"><CsOptions></span>
<span class="c1">; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform</span>
-odac <span class="c1">;;;RT audio out</span>
<span class="c1">;-iadc ;;;uncomment -iadc if RT audio input is needed too</span>
<span class="c1">; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:</span>
<span class="c1">; -o atonex.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform</span>
<span class="nt"></CsOptions></span>
<span class="nt"><CsInstruments></span>
<span class="vg">sr</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">44100</span>
<span class="vg">ksmps</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">32</span>
<span class="vg">nchnls</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
<span class="vg">0dbfs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="kd">instr</span> <span class="nf">1</span> <span class="c1">; unfiltered noise</span>
a<span class="n">sig</span> <span class="nb">rand</span> <span class="mf">0.7</span> <span class="c1">; white noise</span>
<span class="nb">outs</span> a<span class="n">sig</span><span class="p">,</span> a<span class="n">sig</span>
<span class="kd">endin</span>
<span class="kd">instr</span> <span class="nf">2</span> <span class="c1">; filtered noise</span>
a<span class="n">sig</span> <span class="nb">rand</span> <span class="mf">0.7</span>
k<span class="n">hp</span> <span class="nb">line</span> <span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">p3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3000</span>
a<span class="n">filt</span> <span class="nb">atonex</span> a<span class="n">sig</span><span class="p">,</span> k<span class="n">hp</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">32</span>
<span class="c1">; Clip the filtered signal's amplitude to 85 dB.</span>
a<span class="n">1</span> <span class="nb">clip</span> a<span class="n">filt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">ampdb</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">85</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nb">outs</span> a<span class="n">1</span><span class="p">,</span> a<span class="n">1</span>
<span class="kd">endin</span>
<span class="nt"></CsInstruments></span>
<span class="nt"><CsScore></span>
<span class="nb">i</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
<span class="nb">i</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
<span class="nb">e</span>
<span class="nt"></CsScore></span>
<span class="nt"></CsoundSynthesizer></span>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p><br class="example-break" />
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472950981208"></a>
<h2>See Also</h2>
<p>
<a class="link" href="resonx.html" title="resonx"><em class="citetitle">resonx</em></a>,
<a class="link" href="tonex.html" title="tonex"><em class="citetitle">tonex</em></a>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a id="idm281472950978200"></a>
<h2>Credits</h2>
<p>
</p>
<table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist">
<tr>
<td>Author: Gabriel Maldonado (adapted by John ffitch)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Italy</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>
</p>
<p>New in Csound version 3.49</p>
<p>Audio rate parameters introduced in version 6.02</p>
<p>October 2013.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="navfooter">
<hr />
<table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer">
<tr>
<td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="atonek.html">Prev</a> </td>
<td width="20%" align="center">
<a accesskey="u" href="OpcodesTop.html">Up</a>
</td>
<td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ATSadd.html">Next</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">atonek </td>
<td width="20%" align="center">
<a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a>
</td>
<td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> ATSadd</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
distrib
>
Mageia
>
7
>
armv7hl
>
media
>
core-release
>
by-pkgid
>
5fcfcb7517038d1f44ab4e478e6e61fa
>
files
>
386
