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>UV editor and FaceSelect</TITLE
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>Blender Documentation Volume I - User Guide: Last modified April 29 2004 S68</TH
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><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="materials_uv_textures"
></A
>UV editor and FaceSelect</H1
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H2
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="materials_uv_textures_introduction"
></A
>Introduction</H2
><P
> The UV-Editor allows you to map textures directly onto the faces of
meshes. Each face can have individual texture coordinates and an
individual image assigned to it, and can be combined with vertex
colors to make the texture brighter or darker or to give it a color.
</P
><P
> By using the UV-Editor each face of the Mesh is assigned two extra features:
</P
><P
></P
><UL
><LI
><P
><I
CLASS="emphasis"
>four UV coordinates</I
> - These coordinates define the
way an image or a texture is mapped onto the face. These are 2D
coordinates, which is why they're called UV, to distinguish them from XYZ
coordinates. These coordinates can be used for rendering or for
realtime OpenGL display.</P
></LI
><LI
><P
><I
CLASS="emphasis"
>a link to an Image</I
> - Every face in
Blender can have a link to a different image. The UV coordinates
define how this image is mapped onto the face. This image then can be
rendered or displayed in realtime.</P
></LI
></UL
><P
> A 3D window has to be in "Face Select" mode to be able to assign
Images or change UV coordinates of the active Mesh Object.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H2
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="materials_uv_textures_assigning_images"
></A
>Assigning Images to faces</H2
><P
> First add a Mesh Object to your Scene, then enter the
FaceSelect choosing the <TT
CLASS="literal"
>UV face select</TT
> entry
in the Mode menu (<A
HREF="x4840.html#BSG.MAT.F.S68.501"
>Figure 64</A
>).
</P
><DIV
CLASS="figure"
><A
NAME="BSG.MAT.F.S68.501"
></A
><DIV
CLASS="mediaobject"
><P
><IMG
SRC="PartM/materials/gfx/uv01.png"></P
></DIV
><P
><B
>Figure 64. Orange triangle button: FaceSelect Mode in the 3DWindow
header</B
></P
></DIV
><P
> Your Mesh will now be drawn Z-buffered. If you enter the Textured draw
mode (<B
CLASS="keycap"
>ALT-Z</B
>, also called "potato mode") you will see your Mesh drawn in
white, which indicates that there is currently no Image assigned to these
faces.
</P
><P
> Press <B
CLASS="keycap"
>AKEY</B
> and all of the faces of the Mesh will be selected
and highlighted by dotted lines.
</P
><P
> Change one window into the Image Window with <B
CLASS="keycap"
>SHIFT-F10</B
>. Here you
can load or browse an image with the <TT
CLASS="literal"
>Load</TT
> button.
Images have to be multiples of 64 pixels (64x64, 128x64 etc.) to be able to
drawn in realtime
(note: most 3D cards don't support images larger than 256x256 pixels).
However, Blender can render all assigned images regardless of size when
creating
stills or animations.
</P
><P
> <DIV
CLASS="figure"
><A
NAME="BSG.MAT.F.S68.502"
></A
><DIV
CLASS="mediaobject"
><P
><IMG
SRC="PartM/materials/gfx/uv02.png"></P
></DIV
><P
><B
>Figure 65. 3Dwindow and ImageWindow</B
></P
></DIV
>
</P
><P
> Loading or browsing an image in FaceSelect automatically assigns the
image to the selected faces. You can immediately see this in the 3D
window (when in Textured view mode - <A
HREF="x4840.html#BSG.MAT.F.S68.502"
>Figure 65</A
>).
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H2
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="materials_uv_textures_selecting_faces"
></A
>Selecting faces</H2
><P
> You can select faces with RightMouse or with BorderSelect
(<B
CLASS="keycap"
>BKEY</B
>) in the 3D window. If you have problems with
selecting
the desired faces, you can also enter EditMode and select the vertices you
want. After leaving EditMode the faces defined by the selected vertices
should be
selected as well.
</P
><P
> Only one face is active. Or in other words: the Image Window only
displays the image of the active face. As usual within Blender, only the
last selected face is active and selection is done with <B
CLASS="keycap"
>RMB</B
>.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H2
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="materials_uv_textures_editing_uv"
></A
>Editing UV coordinates</H2
><P
>In the ImageWindow you will see a representation of your selected
faces as yellow or purple vertices connected with dotted lines. You can use
the same techniques here as in the Mesh EditMode to select, move, rotate,
scale, and so on. With the <TT
CLASS="literal"
>Lock</TT
> button pressed you will
also see realtime
feedback in 3D of what you are doing.
</P
><P
>In the 3D window, you can press <B
CLASS="keycap"
>UKEY</B
> in FaceSelect
mode to get a menu
to calculate UV coordinates for the selected faces (<A
HREF="x4840.html#BSG.MAT.F.S68.503"
>Figure 66</A
>).
</P
><P
> <DIV
CLASS="figure"
><A
NAME="BSG.MAT.F.S68.503"
></A
><DIV
CLASS="mediaobject"
><P
><IMG
SRC="PartM/materials/gfx/renamemenu.png"></P
></DIV
><P
><B
>Figure 66. UV pre-sets.</B
></P
></DIV
>
</P
><P
> <P
></P
><UL
><LI
><P
><I
CLASS="emphasis"
>Cube</I
> - This determines cubical
mapping. A number requester
asks for a scaling property.</P
></LI
><LI
><P
><I
CLASS="emphasis"
>Cylinder, Sphere</I
> -
Cylindrical/spherical
mapping, calculated from the center of the selected
faces.</P
></LI
><LI
><P
><I
CLASS="emphasis"
>Bounds to 1/8, 1/4, 1/2, 1/1</I
> -
UV Coordinates are calculated using the projection as
displayed in the 3D window, then scaled to the given
fraction of the image texture.</P
></LI
><LI
><P
><I
CLASS="emphasis"
>Standard 1/8, 1/4, 1/2, 1/1</I
> -
Each face gets a set of default square UV coordinates which
are then scaled to the requested fraction of the image texture.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
><I
CLASS="emphasis"
>From Window</I
> - UV coordinates
are calculated
using the projection as displayed in the 3D window.
</P
></LI
></UL
>
</P
><P
> <DIV
CLASS="figure"
><A
NAME="BSG.MAT.F.S68.504"
></A
><DIV
CLASS="mediaobject"
><P
><IMG
SRC="PartM/materials/gfx/ImageWindowIcons.png"></P
></DIV
><P
><B
>Figure 67. UV editing tools.</B
></P
></DIV
>
</P
><P
>In the ImageWindow Toolbar (<A
HREF="x4840.html#BSG.MAT.F.S68.504"
>Figure 67</A
>)
the third button keeps your UV polygons
square while editing them, while the fourth clips them to the size of the
image.
</P
><P
>Some tips:
<P
></P
><UL
><LI
><P
>Press <B
CLASS="keycap"
>RKEY</B
> in the 3D window to get
a menu that allows rotation of the UV
coordinates.</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>It is sometimes necessary to move image files to a
new location on your harddisk. To do so, press
the <TT
CLASS="literal"
>Replace</TT
> button in the ImageWindow header to get
a "Replace Image name" window. You can fill in the old directory
name,
and the new one. Pressing "OK" changes the paths of all images
used in
Blender using the old directory. (Note: use as new directory
the
code "//" to indicate the directory where the Blender file
is).</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>You can also use FaceSelect and VertexPaint
(<B
CLASS="keycap"
>VKEY</B
>) simultaneously. Vertex painting then
only
works on the selected faces. This feature is especially useful to
paint faces as if they don't share vertices. Note that the vertex
colors are used to modulate the brightness or color of the applied
image texture. </P
></LI
></UL
>
</P
><P
> <DIV
CLASS="figure"
><A
NAME="AEN4935"
></A
><DIV
CLASS="mediaobject"
><P
><IMG
SRC="PartM/materials/gfx/uv04.png"></P
></DIV
><P
><B
>Figure 68. vertex colors modulate texture</B
></P
></DIV
>
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H2
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="materials_uv_textures_rendering_uv"
></A
>Rendering and UV coordinates</H2
><P
>Even without an image assigned to faces, you can render textures
utilizing
the UV coordinates using the green "UV" button in the MaterialButtons
(<B
CLASS="keycap"
>F5</B
>) menu.</P
><P
>To render the assigned Image texture as well, press the "TexFace"
button in the MaterialButtons. Combine this with the
"VertexCol" option to use vertex colors too.</P
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