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<div class="yui-g" id="topics-forms-formsets">
<div class="section" id="s-formsets">
<span id="s-id1"></span><span id="formsets"></span><span id="id1"></span><h1>Formsets<a class="headerlink" href="#formsets" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p>A formset is a layer of abstraction to working with multiple forms on the same
page. It can be best compared to a data grid. Let’s say you have the following
form:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">django</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">forms</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">ArticleForm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">forms</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Form</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">title</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">forms</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">CharField</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">pub_date</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">forms</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">DateField</span><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>You might want to allow the user to create several articles at once. To create
a formset out of an <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ArticleForm</span></tt> you would do:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">django.forms.formsets</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">formset_factory</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">ArticleFormSet</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">formset_factory</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ArticleForm</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>You now have created a formset named <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ArticleFormSet</span></tt>. The formset gives you
the ability to iterate over the forms in the formset and display them as you
would with a regular form:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">formset</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ArticleFormSet</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">form</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">formset</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">forms</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">print</span> <span class="n">form</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">as_table</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="go"><tr><th><label for="id_form-0-title">Title:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="form-0-title" id="id_form-0-title" /></td></tr></span>
<span class="go"><tr><th><label for="id_form-0-pub_date">Pub date:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="form-0-pub_date" id="id_form-0-pub_date" /></td></tr></span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>As you can see it only displayed one empty form. The number of empty forms
that is displayed is controlled by the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">extra</span></tt> parameter. By default,
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">formset_factory</span></tt> defines one extra form; the following example will
display two blank forms:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">ArticleFormSet</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">formset_factory</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ArticleForm</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">extra</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="s-using-initial-data-with-a-formset">
<span id="using-initial-data-with-a-formset"></span><h2>Using initial data with a formset<a class="headerlink" href="#using-initial-data-with-a-formset" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Initial data is what drives the main usability of a formset. As shown above
you can define the number of extra forms. What this means is that you are
telling the formset how many additional forms to show in addition to the
number of forms it generates from the initial data. Lets take a look at an
example:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">ArticleFormSet</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">formset_factory</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ArticleForm</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">extra</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">formset</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ArticleFormSet</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">initial</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">'title'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'Django is now open source'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'pub_date'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">datetime</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">date</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">today</span><span class="p">()},</span>
<span class="gp">... </span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">form</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">formset</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">forms</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">print</span> <span class="n">form</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">as_table</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="go"><tr><th><label for="id_form-0-title">Title:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="form-0-title" value="Django is now open source" id="id_form-0-title" /></td></tr></span>
<span class="go"><tr><th><label for="id_form-0-pub_date">Pub date:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="form-0-pub_date" value="2008-05-12" id="id_form-0-pub_date" /></td></tr></span>
<span class="go"><tr><th><label for="id_form-1-title">Title:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="form-1-title" id="id_form-1-title" /></td></tr></span>
<span class="go"><tr><th><label for="id_form-1-pub_date">Pub date:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="form-1-pub_date" id="id_form-1-pub_date" /></td></tr></span>
<span class="go"><tr><th><label for="id_form-2-title">Title:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="form-2-title" id="id_form-2-title" /></td></tr></span>
<span class="go"><tr><th><label for="id_form-2-pub_date">Pub date:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="form-2-pub_date" id="id_form-2-pub_date" /></td></tr></span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>There are now a total of three forms showing above. One for the initial data
that was passed in and two extra forms. Also note that we are passing in a
list of dictionaries as the initial data.</p>
<div class="admonition-see-also admonition seealso">
<p class="first admonition-title">See also</p>
<p class="last"><a class="reference internal" href="modelforms.html#model-formsets"><em>Creating formsets from models with model formsets</em></a>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="s-limiting-the-maximum-number-of-forms">
<span id="s-formsets-max-num"></span><span id="limiting-the-maximum-number-of-forms"></span><span id="formsets-max-num"></span><h2>Limiting the maximum number of forms<a class="headerlink" href="#limiting-the-maximum-number-of-forms" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">max_num</span></tt> parameter to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">formset_factory</span></tt> gives you the ability to
limit the maximum number of empty forms the formset will display:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">ArticleFormSet</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">formset_factory</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ArticleForm</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">extra</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">max_num</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">formset</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ArticleFormset</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">form</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">formset</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">forms</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">print</span> <span class="n">form</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">as_table</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="go"><tr><th><label for="id_form-0-title">Title:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="form-0-title" id="id_form-0-title" /></td></tr></span>
<span class="go"><tr><th><label for="id_form-0-pub_date">Pub date:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="form-0-pub_date" id="id_form-0-pub_date" /></td></tr></span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="versionchanged">
<span class="title">Changed in Django 1.2:</span> <a class="reference internal" href="../../releases/1.2.html"><em>Please, see the release notes</em></a></div>
<p>If the value of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">max_num</span></tt> is greater than the number of existing
objects, up to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">extra</span></tt> additional blank forms will be added to the formset,
so long as the total number of forms does not exceed <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">max_num</span></tt>.</p>
<p>A <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">max_num</span></tt> value of <tt class="xref docutils literal"><span class="pre">None</span></tt> (the default) puts no limit on the number of
forms displayed. Please note that the default value of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">max_num</span></tt> was changed
from <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">0</span></tt> to <tt class="xref docutils literal"><span class="pre">None</span></tt> in version 1.2 to allow <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">0</span></tt> as a valid value.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="s-formset-validation">
<span id="formset-validation"></span><h2>Formset validation<a class="headerlink" href="#formset-validation" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Validation with a formset is almost identical to a regular <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Form</span></tt>. There is
an <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">is_valid</span></tt> method on the formset to provide a convenient way to validate
all forms in the formset:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">ArticleFormSet</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">formset_factory</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ArticleForm</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">formset</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ArticleFormSet</span><span class="p">({})</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">formset</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">is_valid</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="go">True</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>We passed in no data to the formset which is resulting in a valid form. The
formset is smart enough to ignore extra forms that were not changed. If we
provide an invalid article:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">data</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-TOTAL_FORMS'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'2'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-INITIAL_FORMS'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'0'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-MAX_NUM_FORMS'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u''</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-0-title'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'Test'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-0-pub_date'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'16 June 1904'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-1-title'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'Test'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-1-pub_date'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u''</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="c"># <-- this date is missing but required</span>
<span class="gp">... </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">formset</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ArticleFormSet</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">formset</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">is_valid</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="go">False</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">formset</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">errors</span>
<span class="go">[{}, {'pub_date': [u'This field is required.']}]</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>As we can see, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">formset.errors</span></tt> is a list whose entries correspond to the
forms in the formset. Validation was performed for each of the two forms, and
the expected error message appears for the second item.</p>
<div class="section" id="s-understanding-the-managementform">
<span id="s-id2"></span><span id="understanding-the-managementform"></span><span id="id2"></span><h3>Understanding the ManagementForm<a class="headerlink" href="#understanding-the-managementform" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>You may have noticed the additional data (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">form-TOTAL_FORMS</span></tt>,
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">form-INITIAL_FORMS</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">form-MAX_NUM_FORMS</span></tt>) that was required
in the formset's data above. This data is required for the
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ManagementForm</span></tt>. This form is used by the formset to manage the
collection of forms contained in the formset. If you don't provide
this management data, an exception will be raised:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">data</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-0-title'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'Test'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-0-pub_date'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u''</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">formset</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ArticleFormSet</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
<span class="c">...</span>
<span class="nc">django.forms.util.ValidationError</span>: <span class="n-Identifier">[u'ManagementForm data is missing or has been tampered with']</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>It is used to keep track of how many form instances are being displayed. If
you are adding new forms via JavaScript, you should increment the count fields
in this form as well.</p>
<p>The management form is available as an attribute of the formset
itself. When rendering a formset in a template, you can include all
the management data by rendering <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">{{</span> <span class="pre">my_formset.management_form</span> <span class="pre">}}</span></tt>
(substituting the name of your formset as appropriate).</p>
<div class="versionadded">
<span class="title">New in Django 1.1:</span> <a class="reference internal" href="../../releases/1.1.html"><em>Please, see the release notes</em></a></div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="s-total-form-count-and-initial-form-count">
<span id="total-form-count-and-initial-form-count"></span><h3><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_form_count</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">initial_form_count</span></tt><a class="headerlink" href="#total-form-count-and-initial-form-count" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">BaseFormSet</span></tt> has a couple of methods that are closely related to the
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ManagementForm</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_form_count</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">initial_form_count</span></tt>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_form_count</span></tt> returns the total number of forms in this formset.
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">initial_form_count</span></tt> returns the number of forms in the formset that were
pre-filled, and is also used to determine how many forms are required. You
will probably never need to override either of these methods, so please be
sure you understand what they do before doing so.</p>
<div class="versionadded">
<span class="title">New in Django 1.2:</span> <a class="reference internal" href="../../releases/1.2.html"><em>Please, see the release notes</em></a></div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="s-empty-form">
<span id="empty-form"></span><h3><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">empty_form</span></tt><a class="headerlink" href="#empty-form" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">BaseFormSet</span></tt> provides an additional attribute <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">empty_form</span></tt> which returns
a form instance with a prefix of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__prefix__</span></tt> for easier use in dynamic
forms with JavaScript.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="s-custom-formset-validation">
<span id="custom-formset-validation"></span><h3>Custom formset validation<a class="headerlink" href="#custom-formset-validation" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>A formset has a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">clean</span></tt> method similar to the one on a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Form</span></tt> class. This
is where you define your own validation that works at the formset level:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">django.forms.formsets</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">BaseFormSet</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">BaseArticleFormSet</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">BaseFormSet</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">clean</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="sd">"""Checks that no two articles have the same title."""</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="nb">any</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">errors</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="c"># Don't bother validating the formset unless each form is valid on its own</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">return</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">titles</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">total_form_count</span><span class="p">()):</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">form</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">forms</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">title</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">form</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">cleaned_data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">'title'</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">title</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">titles</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="n">forms</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ValidationError</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"Articles in a set must have distinct titles."</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">titles</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">title</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">ArticleFormSet</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">formset_factory</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ArticleForm</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">formset</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">BaseArticleFormSet</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">data</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-TOTAL_FORMS'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'2'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-INITIAL_FORMS'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'0'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-MAX_NUM_FORMS'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u''</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-0-title'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'Test'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-0-pub_date'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'16 June 1904'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-1-title'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'Test'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-1-pub_date'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'23 June 1912'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">formset</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ArticleFormSet</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">formset</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">is_valid</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="go">False</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">formset</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">errors</span>
<span class="go">[{}, {}]</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">formset</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">non_form_errors</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="go">[u'Articles in a set must have distinct titles.']</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The formset <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">clean</span></tt> method is called after all the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Form.clean</span></tt> methods
have been called. The errors will be found using the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">non_form_errors()</span></tt>
method on the formset.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="s-dealing-with-ordering-and-deletion-of-forms">
<span id="dealing-with-ordering-and-deletion-of-forms"></span><h2>Dealing with ordering and deletion of forms<a class="headerlink" href="#dealing-with-ordering-and-deletion-of-forms" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Common use cases with a formset is dealing with ordering and deletion of the
form instances. This has been dealt with for you. The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">formset_factory</span></tt>
provides two optional parameters <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">can_order</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">can_delete</span></tt> that will do
the extra work of adding the extra fields and providing simpler ways of
getting to that data.</p>
<div class="section" id="s-can-order">
<span id="can-order"></span><h3><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">can_order</span></tt><a class="headerlink" href="#can-order" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Default: <tt class="xref docutils literal"><span class="pre">False</span></tt></p>
<p>Lets create a formset with the ability to order:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">ArticleFormSet</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">formset_factory</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ArticleForm</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">can_order</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">formset</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ArticleFormSet</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">initial</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">'title'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'Article #1'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'pub_date'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">datetime</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">date</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2008</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)},</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">'title'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'Article #2'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'pub_date'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">datetime</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">date</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2008</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">11</span><span class="p">)},</span>
<span class="gp">... </span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">form</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">formset</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">forms</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">print</span> <span class="n">form</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">as_table</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="go"><tr><th><label for="id_form-0-title">Title:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="form-0-title" value="Article #1" id="id_form-0-title" /></td></tr></span>
<span class="go"><tr><th><label for="id_form-0-pub_date">Pub date:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="form-0-pub_date" value="2008-05-10" id="id_form-0-pub_date" /></td></tr></span>
<span class="go"><tr><th><label for="id_form-0-ORDER">Order:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="form-0-ORDER" value="1" id="id_form-0-ORDER" /></td></tr></span>
<span class="go"><tr><th><label for="id_form-1-title">Title:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="form-1-title" value="Article #2" id="id_form-1-title" /></td></tr></span>
<span class="go"><tr><th><label for="id_form-1-pub_date">Pub date:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="form-1-pub_date" value="2008-05-11" id="id_form-1-pub_date" /></td></tr></span>
<span class="go"><tr><th><label for="id_form-1-ORDER">Order:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="form-1-ORDER" value="2" id="id_form-1-ORDER" /></td></tr></span>
<span class="go"><tr><th><label for="id_form-2-title">Title:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="form-2-title" id="id_form-2-title" /></td></tr></span>
<span class="go"><tr><th><label for="id_form-2-pub_date">Pub date:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="form-2-pub_date" id="id_form-2-pub_date" /></td></tr></span>
<span class="go"><tr><th><label for="id_form-2-ORDER">Order:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="form-2-ORDER" id="id_form-2-ORDER" /></td></tr></span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>This adds an additional field to each form. This new field is named <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ORDER</span></tt>
and is an <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">forms.IntegerField</span></tt>. For the forms that came from the initial
data it automatically assigned them a numeric value. Lets look at what will
happen when the user changes these values:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">data</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-TOTAL_FORMS'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'3'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-INITIAL_FORMS'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'2'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-MAX_NUM_FORMS'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u''</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-0-title'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'Article #1'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-0-pub_date'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'2008-05-10'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-0-ORDER'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'2'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-1-title'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'Article #2'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-1-pub_date'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'2008-05-11'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-1-ORDER'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'1'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-2-title'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'Article #3'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-2-pub_date'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'2008-05-01'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-2-ORDER'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'0'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">formset</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ArticleFormSet</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">initial</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">'title'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'Article #1'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'pub_date'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">datetime</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">date</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2008</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)},</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">'title'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'Article #2'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'pub_date'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">datetime</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">date</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2008</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">11</span><span class="p">)},</span>
<span class="gp">... </span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">formset</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">is_valid</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="go">True</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">form</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">formset</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ordered_forms</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">print</span> <span class="n">form</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">cleaned_data</span>
<span class="go">{'pub_date': datetime.date(2008, 5, 1), 'ORDER': 0, 'title': u'Article #3'}</span>
<span class="go">{'pub_date': datetime.date(2008, 5, 11), 'ORDER': 1, 'title': u'Article #2'}</span>
<span class="go">{'pub_date': datetime.date(2008, 5, 10), 'ORDER': 2, 'title': u'Article #1'}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="s-can-delete">
<span id="can-delete"></span><h3><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">can_delete</span></tt><a class="headerlink" href="#can-delete" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Default: <tt class="xref docutils literal"><span class="pre">False</span></tt></p>
<p>Lets create a formset with the ability to delete:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">ArticleFormSet</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">formset_factory</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ArticleForm</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">can_delete</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">formset</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ArticleFormSet</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">initial</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">'title'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'Article #1'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'pub_date'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">datetime</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">date</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2008</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)},</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">'title'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'Article #2'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'pub_date'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">datetime</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">date</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2008</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">11</span><span class="p">)},</span>
<span class="gp">... </span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">form</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">formset</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">forms</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="go">.... print form.as_table()</span>
<span class="go"><input type="hidden" name="form-TOTAL_FORMS" value="3" id="id_form-TOTAL_FORMS" /><input type="hidden" name="form-INITIAL_FORMS" value="2" id="id_form-INITIAL_FORMS" /><input type="hidden" name="form-MAX_NUM_FORMS" id="id_form-MAX_NUM_FORMS" /></span>
<span class="go"><tr><th><label for="id_form-0-title">Title:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="form-0-title" value="Article #1" id="id_form-0-title" /></td></tr></span>
<span class="go"><tr><th><label for="id_form-0-pub_date">Pub date:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="form-0-pub_date" value="2008-05-10" id="id_form-0-pub_date" /></td></tr></span>
<span class="go"><tr><th><label for="id_form-0-DELETE">Delete:</label></th><td><input type="checkbox" name="form-0-DELETE" id="id_form-0-DELETE" /></td></tr></span>
<span class="go"><tr><th><label for="id_form-1-title">Title:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="form-1-title" value="Article #2" id="id_form-1-title" /></td></tr></span>
<span class="go"><tr><th><label for="id_form-1-pub_date">Pub date:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="form-1-pub_date" value="2008-05-11" id="id_form-1-pub_date" /></td></tr></span>
<span class="go"><tr><th><label for="id_form-1-DELETE">Delete:</label></th><td><input type="checkbox" name="form-1-DELETE" id="id_form-1-DELETE" /></td></tr></span>
<span class="go"><tr><th><label for="id_form-2-title">Title:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="form-2-title" id="id_form-2-title" /></td></tr></span>
<span class="go"><tr><th><label for="id_form-2-pub_date">Pub date:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="form-2-pub_date" id="id_form-2-pub_date" /></td></tr></span>
<span class="go"><tr><th><label for="id_form-2-DELETE">Delete:</label></th><td><input type="checkbox" name="form-2-DELETE" id="id_form-2-DELETE" /></td></tr></span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Similar to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">can_order</span></tt> this adds a new field to each form named <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">DELETE</span></tt>
and is a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">forms.BooleanField</span></tt>. When data comes through marking any of the
delete fields you can access them with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">deleted_forms</span></tt>:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">data</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-TOTAL_FORMS'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'3'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-INITIAL_FORMS'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'2'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-MAX_NUM_FORMS'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u''</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-0-title'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'Article #1'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-0-pub_date'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'2008-05-10'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-0-DELETE'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'on'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-1-title'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'Article #2'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-1-pub_date'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'2008-05-11'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-1-DELETE'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u''</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-2-title'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u''</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-2-pub_date'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u''</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'form-2-DELETE'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u''</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="gp">... </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">formset</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ArticleFormSet</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">initial</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">'title'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'Article #1'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'pub_date'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">datetime</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">date</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2008</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)},</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">'title'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">u'Article #2'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'pub_date'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">datetime</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">date</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2008</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">11</span><span class="p">)},</span>
<span class="gp">... </span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">form</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">cleaned_data</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">form</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">formset</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">deleted_forms</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="go">[{'DELETE': True, 'pub_date': datetime.date(2008, 5, 10), 'title': u'Article #1'}]</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="s-adding-additional-fields-to-a-formset">
<span id="adding-additional-fields-to-a-formset"></span><h2>Adding additional fields to a formset<a class="headerlink" href="#adding-additional-fields-to-a-formset" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>If you need to add additional fields to the formset this can be easily
accomplished. The formset base class provides an <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">add_fields</span></tt> method. You
can simply override this method to add your own fields or even redefine the
default fields/attributes of the order and deletion fields:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">BaseArticleFormSet</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">BaseFormSet</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">add_fields</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">form</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="nb">super</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">BaseArticleFormSet</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_fields</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">form</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">form</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">fields</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">"my_field"</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">forms</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">CharField</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">ArticleFormSet</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">formset_factory</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ArticleForm</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">formset</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">BaseArticleFormSet</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">formset</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ArticleFormSet</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">form</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">formset</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">forms</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">print</span> <span class="n">form</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">as_table</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="go"><tr><th><label for="id_form-0-title">Title:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="form-0-title" id="id_form-0-title" /></td></tr></span>
<span class="go"><tr><th><label for="id_form-0-pub_date">Pub date:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="form-0-pub_date" id="id_form-0-pub_date" /></td></tr></span>
<span class="go"><tr><th><label for="id_form-0-my_field">My field:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="form-0-my_field" id="id_form-0-my_field" /></td></tr></span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="s-using-a-formset-in-views-and-templates">
<span id="using-a-formset-in-views-and-templates"></span><h2>Using a formset in views and templates<a class="headerlink" href="#using-a-formset-in-views-and-templates" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Using a formset inside a view is as easy as using a regular <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Form</span></tt> class.
The only thing you will want to be aware of is making sure to use the
management form inside the template. Let's look at a sample view:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>def manage_articles(request):
ArticleFormSet = formset_factory(ArticleForm)
if request.method == 'POST':
formset = ArticleFormSet(request.POST, request.FILES)
if formset.is_valid():
# do something with the formset.cleaned_data
else:
formset = ArticleFormSet()
return render_to_response('manage_articles.html', {'formset': formset})</pre>
</div>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">manage_articles.html</span></tt> template might look like this:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+django"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nt"><form</span> <span class="na">method=</span><span class="s">"post"</span> <span class="na">action=</span><span class="s">""</span><span class="nt">></span>
<span class="cp">{{</span> <span class="nv">formset.management_form</span> <span class="cp">}}</span>
<span class="nt"><table></span>
<span class="cp">{%</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="nv">form</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="nv">formset.forms</span> <span class="cp">%}</span>
<span class="cp">{{</span> <span class="nv">form</span> <span class="cp">}}</span>
<span class="cp">{%</span> <span class="k">endfor</span> <span class="cp">%}</span>
<span class="nt"></table></span>
<span class="nt"></form></span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>However the above can be slightly shortcutted and let the formset itself deal
with the management form:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+django"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nt"><form</span> <span class="na">method=</span><span class="s">"post"</span> <span class="na">action=</span><span class="s">""</span><span class="nt">></span>
<span class="nt"><table></span>
<span class="cp">{{</span> <span class="nv">formset</span> <span class="cp">}}</span>
<span class="nt"></table></span>
<span class="nt"></form></span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The above ends up calling the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">as_table</span></tt> method on the formset class.</p>
<div class="section" id="s-using-more-than-one-formset-in-a-view">
<span id="using-more-than-one-formset-in-a-view"></span><h3>Using more than one formset in a view<a class="headerlink" href="#using-more-than-one-formset-in-a-view" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>You are able to use more than one formset in a view if you like. Formsets
borrow much of its behavior from forms. With that said you are able to use
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">prefix</span></tt> to prefix formset form field names with a given value to allow
more than one formset to be sent to a view without name clashing. Lets take
a look at how this might be accomplished:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>def manage_articles(request):
ArticleFormSet = formset_factory(ArticleForm)
BookFormSet = formset_factory(BookForm)
if request.method == 'POST':
article_formset = ArticleFormSet(request.POST, request.FILES, prefix='articles')
book_formset = BookFormSet(request.POST, request.FILES, prefix='books')
if article_formset.is_valid() and book_formset.is_valid():
# do something with the cleaned_data on the formsets.
else:
article_formset = ArticleFormSet(prefix='articles')
book_formset = BookFormSet(prefix='books')
return render_to_response('manage_articles.html', {
'article_formset': article_formset,
'book_formset': book_formset,
})</pre>
</div>
<p>You would then render the formsets as normal. It is important to point out
that you need to pass <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">prefix</span></tt> on both the POST and non-POST cases so that
it is rendered and processed correctly.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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<h3><a href="../../contents.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3>
<ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Formsets</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#using-initial-data-with-a-formset">Using initial data with a formset</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#limiting-the-maximum-number-of-forms">Limiting the maximum number of forms</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#formset-validation">Formset validation</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#understanding-the-managementform">Understanding the ManagementForm</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#total-form-count-and-initial-form-count"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_form_count</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">initial_form_count</span></tt></a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#empty-form"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">empty_form</span></tt></a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#custom-formset-validation">Custom formset validation</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#dealing-with-ordering-and-deletion-of-forms">Dealing with ordering and deletion of forms</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#can-order"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">can_order</span></tt></a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#can-delete"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">can_delete</span></tt></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#adding-additional-fields-to-a-formset">Adding additional fields to a formset</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#using-a-formset-in-views-and-templates">Using a formset in views and templates</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#using-more-than-one-formset-in-a-view">Using more than one formset in a view</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
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