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<img alt="Erlang logo" src="../../../../doc/erlang-logo.png"><br><small><a href="users_guide.html">User's Guide</a><br><a href="index.html">Reference Manual</a><br><a href="release_notes.html">Release Notes</a><br><a href="../pdf/stdlib-1.16.5.pdf">PDF</a><br><a href="../../../../doc/index.html">Top</a></small><p><strong>STDLIB</strong><br><strong>Release Notes</strong><br><small>Version 1.16.5</small></p>
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<li title="STDLIB 1.16.5"><a href="notes.html#id2347069">STDLIB 1.16.5</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.16.4"><a href="notes.html#id2252471">STDLIB 1.16.4</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.16.3.1"><a href="notes.html#id2252662">STDLIB 1.16.3.1</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.16.3"><a href="notes.html#id2252710">STDLIB 1.16.3</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.16.2"><a href="notes.html#id2259051">STDLIB 1.16.2</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.16.1"><a href="notes.html#id2347348">STDLIB 1.16.1</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.16"><a href="notes.html#id2347497">STDLIB 1.16</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.15.5"><a href="notes.html#id2261813">STDLIB 1.15.5</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.15.4"><a href="notes.html#id2257082">STDLIB 1.15.4</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.15.3"><a href="notes.html#id2257295">STDLIB 1.15.3</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.15.2"><a href="notes.html#id2327619">STDLIB 1.15.2</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.15.1"><a href="notes.html#id2328003">STDLIB 1.15.1</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.15"><a href="notes.html#id2260216">STDLIB 1.15</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.14.5.3"><a href="notes.html#id2262098">STDLIB 1.14.5.3</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.14.5.2"><a href="notes.html#id2262130">STDLIB 1.14.5.2</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.14.5.1"><a href="notes.html#id2262163">STDLIB 1.14.5.1</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.14.5"><a href="notes.html#id2262221">STDLIB 1.14.5</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.14.4"><a href="notes.html#id2262490">STDLIB 1.14.4</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.14.3.1"><a href="notes.html#id2318447">STDLIB 1.14.3.1</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.14.3"><a href="notes.html#id2318533">STDLIB 1.14.3</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.14.2.2"><a href="notes.html#id2318715">STDLIB 1.14.2.2</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.14.2.1"><a href="notes.html#id2318780">STDLIB 1.14.2.1</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.14.2"><a href="notes.html#id2318817">STDLIB 1.14.2</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.14.1"><a href="notes.html#id2301393">STDLIB 1.14.1</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.14"><a href="notes.html#id2301533">STDLIB 1.14</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.13.12"><a href="notes.html#id2319393">STDLIB 1.13.12</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.13.11"><a href="notes.html#id2319608">STDLIB 1.13.11</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.13.10"><a href="notes.html#id2326817">STDLIB 1.13.10</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.13.9"><a href="notes.html#id2326872">STDLIB 1.13.9</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.13.8"><a href="notes.html#id2327056">STDLIB 1.13.8</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.13.7"><a href="notes.html#id2327195">STDLIB 1.13.7</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.13.6"><a href="notes.html#id2327307">STDLIB 1.13.6</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.13.5"><a href="notes.html#id2327402">STDLIB 1.13.5</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.13.4"><a href="notes.html#id2347908">STDLIB 1.13.4</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.13.3"><a href="notes.html#id2348077">STDLIB 1.13.3</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.13.2"><a href="notes.html#id2348264">STDLIB 1.13.2</a></li>
<li title="STDLIB 1.13.1"><a href="notes.html#id2348311">STDLIB 1.13.1</a></li>
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<div id="content">
<div class="innertube">
<h1>1 STDLIB Release Notes</h1>
<p>This document describes the changes made to the STDLIB application.</p>
<h3><a name="id2347069">1.1
STDLIB 1.16.5</a></h3>
<h4>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>
Because of a race condition, using filelib:ensure_dir/1
from multiple processes to create the same path or parts
of the same directory structure, filelib:ensure_dir/1
could return a meaningless {error,eexist}. That race
condition has been eliminated, and {error,eexist} will
now be returned only if there exists a regular file,
device file, or some other non-directory file with the
same name. (Thanks to Tuncer Ayaz.)</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8389</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>A number of bugs concerning re and unicode are
corrected:</p>
<p>re:compile no longer looses unicode option, which also
fixes bug in re:split.</p>
<p>re:replace now handles unicode charlist replacement
argument</p>
<p>re:replace now handles unicode RE charlist argument
correctly</p>
<p>re:replace now handles binary unicode output correctly
when nothing is replaced.</p>
<p>Most code, testcases and error isolation done by Rory
Byrne.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8394</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The loading of native code was not properly atomic in the
SMP emulator, which could cause crashes. Also a per-MFA
information table for the native code has now been
protected with a lock since it turns that it could be
accessed concurrently in the SMP emulator. (Thanks to
Mikael Pettersson.)</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8397</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
user.erl (used in oldshell) is updated to handle unicode
in prompt strings (io:get_line/{1,2}). io_lib is also
updated to format prompts with the 't' modifier (i.e. ~ts
instead of ~s).</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8418 Aux Id: OTP-8393 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The re module: A regular expression with an option change
at the start of a pattern that had top-level alternatives
could cause overwriting and/or a crash. (Thanks to
Michael Santos.)</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8438</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Improvements and New Features</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>
The ability for the gen_server and gen_fsm callback
modules to format their own state for display under the
sys:get_status/1,2 calls has been restored and
documented. (Thanks to Steve Vinoski.)</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8324</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
c:nc/{1,2} used to assume that the beam file was created
in the same directory as the source code and failed to
load the code if it was not. Corrected to look for the
beam file in the current directory or in the directory
specified by the <span class="code">{outdir,Dir}</span> option. (Thanks to
Alex Suraci.)</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8337</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The documentation is now possible to build in an open
source environment after a number of bugs are fixed and
some features are added in the documentation build
process. </p>
<p>- The arity calculation is updated.</p>
<p>- The module prefix used in the function names for
bif's are removed in the generated links so the links
will look like
"http://www.erlang.org/doc/man/erlang.html#append_element-2"
instead of
"http://www.erlang.org/doc/man/erlang.html#erlang:append_element-2".</p>
<p>- Enhanced the menu positioning in the html
documentation when a new page is loaded.</p>
<p>- A number of corrections in the generation of man
pages (thanks to Sergei Golovan)</p>
<p>- The legal notice is taken from the xml book file so
OTP's build process can be used for non OTP
applications.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8343</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Shell tab completion now works for quoted module and
function names. (Thanks to Ulf Wiger.)</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8383</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Explicit top directories in archive files are now
optional.</p>
<p>
For example, if an archive (app-vsn.ez) just contains an
app-vsn/ebin/mod.beam file, the file info for the app-vsn
and app-vsn/ebin directories are faked using the file
info from the archive file as origin. The virtual
direcories can also be listed. For short, the top
directories are virtual if they does not exist.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8387</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Macros overloading has been implemented. (Thanks to
Christopher Faulet.)</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8388</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The new function <span class="code">shell:prompt_func/1</span> and the
new application configuration parameter
<span class="code">shell_prompt_func</span> can be used for customizing the
Erlang shell prompt.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8393</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Improved handling of typed records in escripts</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8434</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Added supervisor:count_children/1 to count the number of
children being managed without the memory impact of
which_children/1. (Thanks to Jay Nelson.)</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8436</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2252471">1.2
STDLIB 1.16.4</a></h3>
<h4>Improvements and New Features</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>
The documentation is now built with open source tools
(xsltproc and fop) that exists on most platforms. One
visible change is that the frames are removed.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8201</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
[escript] The restriction that the first line in escripts
must begin with <span class="code">#!</span> has been removed.</p>
<p>
[escript] Some command line options to the escript
executable has now been documented. For example you can
run an escript in the debugger by just adding a command
line option.</p>
<p>
[escript] The documentation of the escript header syntax
has been clarified. For example the header is optional.
This means that it is possible to directly "execute"
<span class="code">.erl</span>, <span class="code">.beam</span> and<span class="code">.zip</span> files.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8215</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Optimized array:from_orddict/1, it is now faster and
uses less memory if the orddict was sparse.</p>
<p>Changed array:reset/2, it will now never expand the
array which it could before for non fixed arrays. See the
documentation.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8216</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The Erlang Pretty Printer (<span class="code">erl_pp</span>) now puts the
leading <span class="code">[</span> of list comprehensions as well as the
leading <span class="code"><<</span> of bit string comprehensions on a
separate line in order to expose the Cover counter of the
template.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8227</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The extension ".xrl" used for Leex input files is now
recognized by the compiler.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8232</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Some clarifications have been made in the documentation
regarding <span class="code">gen_server</span>, <span class="code">gen_fsm</span>, and
<span class="code">gen_event</span> behavior when handling <span class="code">'EXIT'</span>
messages from the parent process. For more information
see the <span class="bold_code"><a href="gen_server.html">gen_server(3)</a></span>, <span class="bold_code"><a href="gen_fsm.html">gen_fsm(3)</a></span>, and <span class="bold_code"><a href="gen_event.html">gen_event(3)</a></span> documentation.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8255 Aux Id: seq11419 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The -on_load() directive can be used to run a function
when a module is loaded. It is documented in the section
about code loading in the Reference Manual.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8295</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2252662">1.3
STDLIB 1.16.3.1</a></h3>
<h4>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>
An erroneous type spec for <span class="code">gen:start/6</span> caused
dialyzer to erroneously issue warnings when
<span class="code">{spawn_opt, SpawnOptionList}</span> was passed in the
option list to the <span class="code">gen_server</span> and <span class="code">gen_fsm</span>
start functions.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8068 Aux Id: seq11323, seq11314 </p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2252710">1.4
STDLIB 1.16.3</a></h3>
<h4>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The linter used to crash on invalid <span class="code">-opaque</span>
declarations.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8051</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Bugs in <span class="code">digraph:add_edge/5</span> and
<span class="code">digraph:del_path/3</span> have been fixed. (Thanks to
Crystal Din.)</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8066</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>When trying to insert objects with
<span class="code">dets:insert_new()</span> into a Dets table of type
<span class="code">duplicate_bag</span>, already existing objects would
sometimes be duplicated. This bug has been fixed. (Thanks
to Crystal Din.)</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8070</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Running erlc in a very deep directory (with a path length
of more 256 or more characters) would cause the emulator
to crash in a call to <span class="code">list_to_atom/1</span>. (Thanks to
Chris Newcombe.)</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8124</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>A few minor bugs have been fixed in the Erlang Code
Preprocessor (<span class="code">epp</span>).</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8130</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>A bug in The Erlang Meta Interpreter (<span class="code">erl_eval</span>)
has been fixed: exceptions generated in the template of
bit string comprehensions were not handled properly.
(Thanks to Ulf Wiger.)</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8133</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Improvements and New Features</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>
Option <span class="code">{capture,none}</span> was missing in documentation
for <span class="code">re:run/3</span>.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8113</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>When <span class="code">erl_scan:tokens()</span> returns an error tuple
<span class="code">{error, ErrorInfo, EndLocation</span>}, the list
<span class="code">LeftOverChars</span> is the remaining characters of the
input data, starting from <span class="code">EndLocation</span>. It used to
be the empty list.</p>
<p>
*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8129</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The Erlang Meta Interpreter (<span class="code">erl_eval</span>) has been
somewhat optimized when it comes to interpreting
<span class="code">receive</span>-expressions. (Thanks to Richard
Carlsson.)</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8139</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The Erlang Pretty Printer (<span class="code">erl_pp</span>) has been
modified as to handle types.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8150</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2259051">1.5
STDLIB 1.16.2</a></h3>
<h4>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The text of tokens returned by the Erlang scanner
(<span class="code">erl_scan</span>) was sometimes empty when the
<span class="code">text</span> option was given and <span class="code">StartLocation</span> was
a line. This bug has been fixed.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7965</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The documentation for <span class="code">base64:decode/1</span> has been
updated to point out that it strips whitespace.</p>
<p><span class="code">base64:decode/1</span> and <span class="code">base64:mime_decode/1</span>
would sometimes fail instead of stripping away non-base64
characters.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7984</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Two types in the <span class="code">gen</span> module were corrected.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8029 Aux Id: seq11296 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<span class="code">array:from_orddict([])</span> and
<span class="code">array:from_list([])</span> would construct fixed arrays
instead of extendible arrays.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8033</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Improvements and New Features</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>
Interpreted escripts are now tail recursive.</p>
<p>
The function erl_eval:expr/5 has been introduced.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7933</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<span class="code">gen_server:call/2,3</span> will be somewhat faster if the
calling process has a many messages in its message queue.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7979</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Random now supports seed with arity one,
<span class="code">random:seed/1</span>, which takes a three-tuple.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8019</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The <span class="code">regexp</span> module now recognizes the escape
sequences <span class="code">\xXY</span> and <span class="code">\x{X...}</span>.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-8024</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2347348">1.6
STDLIB 1.16.1</a></h3>
<h4>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The documentation of <span class="code">dets:open_file/1</span> now
states that the file is repaired if it has not been
properly closed. (Thanks to Ulf Wiger.)</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7895</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Improvements and New Features</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The Erlang scanner no longer returns the text of
tokens when the start location is a pair of a line and
column unless the new option <span class="code">text</span> is supplied
(incompatibility with R13A).</p> <p>There are new
functions to access the attributes of tokens:
<span class="code">attributes_info/1,2</span> and
<span class="code">set_attribute/3</span>.</p>
<p>
*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7892 Aux Id: OTP-7810 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Several glitches and performance issues in the Unicode
and I/O-system implementation of R13A have been
corrected.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7896 Aux Id: OTP-7648 OTP-7887 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The type spec of filelib:wildcard/2 has been corrected.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7915</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>New functions: <span class="code">gb_sets:is_disjoint/2</span>,
<span class="code">ordsets:is_disjoint/2</span>, and
<span class="code">gb_sets:is_disjoint/2</span>.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7947</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The function <span class="code">gb_trees:map/2</span> which was added in
R13A is now documented.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7948</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2347497">1.7
STDLIB 1.16</a></h3>
<h4>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Fixed a minor race conditions in
<span class="code">gen_server:start*</span>: if one of these functions
returned <span class="code">{error,Reason}</span> or <span class="code">ignore</span>, the name
could still be registered (either locally or in
<span class="code">global</span>).</p>
<p>A process started by <span class="code">proc_lib</span> in some cases
depended on its process dictionary not to be erased, and
would crash when terminating abnormally and not generate
a proper crash report. This has been corrected (but the
initial call will not be shown in the error report if the
process dictionary has been erased). NOTE: There is no
longer any need to erase the process dictionary for
memory conservation reasons, since the actual call
arguments are no longer saved in the process
dictionary.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7669</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The Erlang preprocessor used wrong line number when
stringifying macro arguments. (Thanks to John
Hughes.)</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7702</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>A bug in the <span class="code">qlc</span> module has been fixed: merge
join sometimes failed to return all answers. (Thanks to
Bernard Duggan.)</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7714</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Improvements and New Features</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>A new option, <span class="code">key_equality</span>, has been added to
<span class="code">qlc:table/2</span>. This option makes it possible for
<span class="code">qlc</span> to better handle tables that use <span class="code">==/2</span>
when comparing keys for equality (examples of such tables
are ordered ETS tables and gb_table in qlc(3)).</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-6674</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The functions <span class="code">lists:seq/1,2</span> return the empty
list in a few cases when they used to generate an
exception, for example <span class="code">lists:seq(1, 0)</span>. See
lists(3) for details. (Thanks to Richard O'Keefe.)</p>
<p>
*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7230</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The order of objects visited in select for ordered_set is
now documented.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7339</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
It is now possible to debug code in escripts and
archives.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7626</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Support for Unicode is implemented as described in
EEP10. Formatting and reading of unicode data both from
terminals and files is supported by the io and io_lib
modules. Files can be opened in modes with automatic
translation to and from different unicode formats. The
module 'unicode' contains functions for conversion
between external and internal unicode formats and the re
module has support for unicode data. There is also
language syntax for specifying string and character data
beyond the ISO-latin-1 range.</p>
<p>The interactive shell will support input and output of
unicode characters when the terminal and operating system
supports it.</p>
<p>Please see the EEP and the io/io_lib manual pages as
well as the stdlib users guide for details.</p>
<p><strong>I/O-protocol incompatibilities:</strong></p>
<p>The io_protocol between io_Server and client is
updated to handle protocol data in unicode formats. The
updated protocol is now documented. The specification
resides in the stdlib <strong>users manual</strong>, which is a
new part of the manual.</p>
<p><strong>io module incompatibilities:</strong></p>
<p>The io:put_chars, io:get_chars and io:get_line all
handle and return unicode data. In the case where
binaries can be provided (as to io:put_chars), they shall
be encoded in UTF-8. When binaries are returned (as by
io:get_line/get_chars when the io_server is set in
<strong>binary mode</strong>) the returned data is also
<strong>always</strong> encoded as UTF-8. The file module however
still returns byte-oriented data, why file:read can be
used instead of io:get_chars to read binary data in
ISO-latin-1.</p>
<p><strong>io_lib module incompatibilities:</strong></p>
<p>io_lib:format can, given new format directives (i.e
"~ts" and "~tc"), return lists containing integers larger
than 255. </p>
<p>
*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7648 Aux Id: OTP-7580 OTP-7514 OTP-7494
OTP-7443 OTP-7181 EEP10 EEP11 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The function <span class="code">pool:attach/1</span> now returns
<span class="code">already_attached</span> if the node is already attached,
rather than <span class="code">allready_attached</span> (sic!). (Thanks to
Edwin Fine.)</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7653 Aux Id: OTP-7603 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Preprocessor directives are now allowed in escripts. This
means that for example macros may be used in escripts.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7662</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>When a process started with <span class="code">proc_lib</span>,
<span class="code">gen_server</span>, or <span class="code">gen_fsm</span> exits with reason
<span class="code">{shutdown,Term}</span>, a crash report will no longer be
generated (to allow a clean shutdown, but still provide
additional information to process that are linked to the
terminating process).</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7740 Aux Id: seq10847 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
A new BIF, <span class="code">lists:keyfind/3</span>, has been added. It
works like <span class="code">lists:keysearch/3</span> except that it does
not wrap the returned tuple in a <span class="code">value</span> tuple in
case of success. (Thanks to James Hague for suggesting
this function.)</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7752</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span class="code">lists:suffix(Suffix, List)</span> used to have a a
complexity of <span class="code">length(Suffix)*length(List)</span> (which
could become quite slow for some inputs). It has now been
re-implemented so that its complexity is
<span class="code">length(Suffix)+length(List)</span>. (Thanks to Richard
O'Keefe for the new implementation.)</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7797</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The Erlang scanner has been augmented as to return
white spaces, comments, and exact location of tokens. The
functions <span class="code">string/3</span>, <span class="code">tokens/4</span>, and
<span class="code">token_info/1,2</span> are new. See erl_scan(3) for
details.</p>
<p><span class="code">tokens/3,4</span> have been modified as to return a
list of tokens instead of an error when <span class="code">eof</span> is
encountered before the dot.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7810</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<span class="code">filelib:fold_files/5</span> now uses the <span class="code">re</span> module
instead of the <span class="code">regexp</span> module for regular
expression matching. In practice, this change will not be
a problem for most regular expressions used for
<span class="code">filelib:fold_files/5</span>. (The major difference in
regular expression is that parenthesis and curly brackets
is treated as literal characters by <span class="code">regexp</span> but as
special characters by <span class="code">re</span>; fortunately, those
characters are rarely used in filenames.)</p>
<p>
*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7819</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<span class="code">digraph:new(Type)</span> will now cause a <span class="code">badarg</span>
exception if <span class="code">Type</span> is not a valid type. Similarly,
<span class="code">digraph_utils:subgraph/2,3</span> will now cause a
<span class="code">badarg</span> if the arguments are invalid. (Those
functions used to return error tuples if something was
wrong.)</p>
<p>
*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7824</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The argument passed to <span class="code">random:uniform/1</span> must
now be an integer (as stated in the documentation). In
previous releases, a floating point number was also
allowed.</p>
<p>
*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7827</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The copyright notices have been updated.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7851</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>A few missing match spec functions was added to
dbg:fun2ms; exception_trace/0 and trace/2,3.</p>
<p>There is a new function queue:member/2.</p>
<p>A bug in io_lib:fread that made it accidentally
concatenate fields separated by newline has been
corrected. Reported and analyzed by Matthew Palmer to
erlang-patches.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7865</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2261813">1.8
STDLIB 1.15.5</a></h3>
<h4>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>A bug in the <span class="code">qlc</span> module has been fixed: when
merge joining two query handles the temporary file used
for equivalence classes was not truncated properly which
could result in poor performance.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7552</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The characters 16#C0 and 16#E0 ("A" and "a" with grave
accent), were not properly converted by the
<span class="code">string:to_lower/1</span> and <span class="code">string:to_upper/1</span>
functions. (Thanks to Richard O'Keefe.)</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7589</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The function <span class="code">pool:attach/1</span> now returns
<span class="code">already_attached</span> if the node is already attached,
rather than <span class="code">allready_attached</span> (sic!). (Thanks to
Edwin Fine.)</p>
<p>
*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7603</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The documentation for <span class="code">io:get_line/1,2</span> now
mentions that the return value can also be
<span class="code">{error,Reason}</span>.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7604 Aux Id: seq11063 </p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Improvements and New Features</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>
The split function is now added to the re library.
Exceptions and errors from both run, replace and split
are made more consistent.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7514 Aux Id: OTP-7494 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Processes spawned using <span class="code">proc_lib</span> (including
<span class="code">gen_server</span> and other library modules that use
<span class="code">proc_lib</span>) no longer keep the entire argument list
for the initial call, but only the arity.</p>
<p>Also, if <span class="code">proc_lib:spawn/1</span> is used to spawn a
fun, the actual fun is not kept, but only module,
function name, and arity of the function that implements
the fun.</p>
<p>The reason for the change is that keeping the initial
fun (or a fun in an argument list), would prevent
upgrading the code for the module. A secondary reason is
that keeping the fun and function arguments could waste a
significant amount of memory.</p>
<p>The drawback with the change is that the crash reports
will provide less precise information about the initial
call (only <span class="code">Module:Function/Arity</span> instead of
<span class="code">Module:Function(Arguments)</span>). The function
<span class="code">proc_lib:initial_call/1</span> still returns a list, but
each argument has been replaced with a dummy atom.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7531 Aux Id: seq11036 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
There is now experimental support for loading of code
from archive files. See the documentation of <span class="code">code</span>,
<span class="code">init</span>, <span class="code">erl_prim_loader </span> and <span class="code">escript</span>
for more info.</p>
<p>
The error handling of <span class="code">escripts</span> has been improved.</p>
<p>
An <span class="code">escript</span> may now set explicit arguments to the
emulator, such as <span class="code">-smp enabled</span>.</p>
<p>
An <span class="code">escript</span> may now contain a precompiled beam
file.</p>
<p>
An <span class="code">escript</span> may now contain an archive file
containing one or more applications (experimental).</p>
<p>
The internal module <span class="code">code_aux</span> has been removed.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7548 Aux Id: otp-6622 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Enabled explicit control of which types of files that
should be compressed in a ZIP archive.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7549 Aux Id: otp-6622 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
In the job control mode, the "s" and "r" commands now
take an optional argument to specify which shell to
start. (Thanks to Robert Virding.)</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7617</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2257082">1.9
STDLIB 1.15.4</a></h3>
<h4>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>
A bug in the calendar module could cause
calendar:local_time_to_universal_time_dst/1 to return
duplicate identical values for local times in timezones
without DST. Multiple values should only be returned when
a local time is within the hour occurring twice due to
shift from DST to non-DST, and certainly only in
timezones with DST. The correct behaviour is now
implemented.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7344 Aux Id: seq10960 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The documentation of <span class="code">(d)ets:init_table()</span> has
been corrected. (Thanks to Paul Mineiro.)</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7413</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The soft upper limit of 60 on the number of non-white
characters on a line, which was introduced in R12B-0 for
the control sequences <span class="code">p</span> and <span class="code">P</span> of the
functions <span class="code">io:fwrite/2,3</span> and
<span class="code">io_lib:fwrite/2</span>, has been removed. This means that
terms whose printed representation fits on a line will
have no NEWLINEs. The Erlang shell still uses the 60
character limit, though.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7421 Aux Id: OTP-6708 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Some debug code has been removed from Dets.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7424</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The documentation of <span class="code">dets:match_delete/2</span> has
been corrected. (Thanks to Paul Mineiro.)</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7445</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Corrections of digraph(3). (Thanks to Vlad
Dumitrescu.)</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7492</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
For the process that an escript runs in, the
<span class="code">trap_exit</span> process flag is now <span class="code">false</span> instead
of <span class="code">true</span> (as in previous releases). Scripts that
depend on the previous (counter-intuitive) behaviour
might not work. (Thanks to Bengt Kleberg.)</p>
<p>
*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7517</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Improvements and New Features</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The documentation of <span class="code">lists:(u)sort/2</span> now states
what is expected of an ordering function.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7489</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The re module is extended with repetitive matches (global
option) and replacement function.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7494 Aux Id: OTP-7181 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The Erlang shell now displays a nicer error message
when evaluating an undefined command. (Thanks to Richard
Carlsson.)</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7495</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2257295">1.10
STDLIB 1.15.3</a></h3>
<h4>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>
zip:unzip to/from binary with empty directories did not
work. (Thanks to Martin Dvorak.)</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7248</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The documentation of the control sequence <span class="code">w</span> of
the <span class="code">io_lib</span> module now states that floating point
numbers are printed accurately.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7324 Aux Id: OTP-7084 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
zip:unzip was not supporting a flavour of the zip format
found in jar-files.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7382 Aux Id: seq10970 </p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Improvements and New Features</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>
An experimental module "re" is added to the emulator
which interfaces a publicly available regular expression
library for Perl-like regular expressions (PCRE). The
interface is purely experimental and *will* be subject to
change.</p>
<p>
The implementation is for reference and testing in
connection to the relevant EEP.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7181</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2327619">1.11
STDLIB 1.15.2</a></h3>
<h4>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p> When inserting many small objects, Dets sometimes
crashed when reaching the maximum number of slots.
(Thanks to Daniel Goertzen.) </p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7146</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Processes linked to the Erlang shell did not get an
exit signal when the evaluator process was killed. This
bug, introduced in R12B-0, has been fixed.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7184 Aux Id: OTP-6554 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Invalid arguments to <span class="code">ets:update_counter/3</span> were not
handled correctly. A tuple position (<span class="code">Pos</span>) less
than 1 caused the element directly following the key to
be updated (as if no position at all had been specified).
All invalid values for <span class="code">Pos</span> will now fail with
<span class="code">badarg</span>.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7226</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
For certain terminals, io:columns/0 could return 0
instead of enotsup. That is now corrected.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7229 Aux Id: seq10886 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span class="code">qlc:info()</span> can now handle port identifiers,
pids, references, and funs. (Thanks to Wojciech Kaczmare
for reporting this bug.)</p> <p>When evaluating the
<span class="code">parent_fun</span> messages sent to the process calling
<span class="code">qlc:cursor()</span> were sometimes erroneously consumed.
This bug has been fixed.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7232</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span class="code">erl_parse:abstract()</span> can now handle bit
strings.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7234</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Improvements and New Features</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The <span class="code">queue</span> module has been rewritten to make it
easier to use. Suggestions and discussion from and with
among others Lev Walkin, Anders Ramsell and Rober Virding
in december 2007 on erlang-questions@erlang.org. It was
also discussed to change the internal representation to
contain length information which would speed up
<span class="code">len/1</span> but that change has been postponed. Anyone
interested may write an EEP and try to reach an
acceptable compromise for queue overhead and thereby the
speed of all other operations than <span class="code">len/1</span>. The
<span class="code">queue</span> module is now optimized for fast and minimal
garbage <span class="code">in/2</span> and <span class="code">out/1</span> and such. See the
documentation.</p>
<p>New functions: <span class="code">is_queue/1</span>, <span class="code">get/1</span>,
<span class="code">get_r/1</span>, <span class="code">peek/1</span>, <span class="code">peek_r/1</span>,
<span class="code">drop/1</span>, <span class="code">drop_r/1</span> and <span class="code">liat/1</span>.
<span class="code">is_queue/1</span> is a new predicate, <span class="code">liat/1</span> is a
correction of an old misspelling, and the others
(<span class="code">get</span>*, <span class="code">peek</span>* and <span class="code">drop</span>*) are new
interface functions.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7064</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The functions <span class="code">io_lib:write/1,2</span> and
<span class="code">io_lib:print/1,4</span> have been changed when it comes
to writing floating point numbers. This change affects
the control sequences <span class="code">p</span>, <span class="code">P</span>, <span class="code">w</span>, and
<span class="code">W</span> of the <span class="code">io_lib</span> module. (Thanks to Bob
Ippolito for code contribution.) </p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7084</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Updated the documentation for
<span class="code">erlang:function_exported/3</span> and <span class="code">io:format/2</span>
functions to no longer state that those functions are
kept mainly for backwards compatibility.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7186</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
A new BIF ets:update_element/3. To update individual
elements within an ets-tuple, without having to read,
update and write back the entire tuple.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7200</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span class="code">string:join/2</span> now accepts an empty list as
first argument.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7231 Aux Id: OTP-6671 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span class="code">qlc:info/1,2</span> accepts a new option,
<span class="code">depth</span>. The type <span class="code">SelectedObjects</span> used in the
description of <span class="code">qlc:table/2</span> has been augmented.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7238</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span class="code">tuple_size/1</span> and <span class="code">byte_size/1</span> have been
substituted for <span class="code">size/1</span> in the documentation.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7244</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2328003">1.12
STDLIB 1.15.1</a></h3>
<h4>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>
Ets:select/3 in combination with
ets:repair_continuation/2 and ordered_set data tables
could result in function_clause although used as
intended. This is now corrected. Thanks to Paul Mineiro
for finding and isolating the bug!</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7025</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The compiler warning for the deprecated function
<span class="code">ftp:close/1</span> now mentions the correct replacement
function.</p>
<p>The warning for the removed functions in the
<span class="code">httpd_util</span> module have been changed to say they
have been removed, not merely deprecated. (Thanks to
Fredrik Thulin.)</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7034 Aux Id: seq10825 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>In <span class="code">(Expr)#r{}</span> (no fields are updated),
<span class="code">Expr</span> is no longer evaluated more than once. There
is also a test that <span class="code">Expr</span> is of the correct record
type. (Thanks to Dominic Williams.)</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7078 Aux Id: OTP-4962 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Documentation bugfixes and clarifications.</p> (Thanks
to Joern (opendev@gmail.com), Matthias Lang, and Richard
Carlsson.)
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7079</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Duplicated objects were sometimes not deleted from the
list of answers when a QLC table was traversed using a
match specification. (Thanks to Dmitri Girenko.)</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7114</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Improvements and New Features</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The documentation has been updated so as to reflect
the last updates of the Erlang shell as well as the minor
modifications of the control sequence <span class="code">p</span> of the
<span class="code">io_lib</span> module.</p> <p>Superfluous empty lines have
been removed from code examples and from Erlang shell
examples.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-6944 Aux Id: OTP-6554, OTP-6911 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span class="code">tuple_size/1</span> and <span class="code">byte_size/1</span> have been
substituted for <span class="code">size/1</span>.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7009</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
It is now possible to hibernate a
gen_server/gen_event/gen_fsm. In gen_server and gen_fsm,
hibernation is triggered by returning the atom
'hibernate' instead of a timeout value. In the gen_event
case hibernation is triggered by a event handler
returning a tuple with an extra element containing the
atom 'hibernate'.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7026 Aux Id: seq10817 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Some undocumented debug functionality has been added
to Dets.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7066</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The functions <span class="code">digraph_utils:is_tree/1</span>,
<span class="code">digraph_utils:is_arborescence/1</span>, and
<span class="code">digraph_utils:arborescence_root/1</span> are new.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7081</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The compiler could generate suboptimal code for record
updates if the record update code consisted of multiple
source code lines.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-7101</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2260216">1.13
STDLIB 1.15</a></h3>
<h4>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Bugs have been fixed in <span class="code">qlc</span>:</p> <ul> <li>Setting the <span class="code">lookup_fun</span>
option of <span class="code">qlc:table/2</span> to <span class="code">undefined</span> could
cause a crash.</li> <li>If a QLC restricted some
column of a table in such a way that a traversal using a
match specification was possible and the QLC also
compared the key column or some indexed column of the the
table with a column of some other table, <span class="code">qlc</span>
always chose to traverse the table first, never
considering lookup join. This has been changed so that
lookup join is always preferred; if an initial traversal
using the match specification is desired, the query needs
to be rewritten introducing an extra QLC with the
filter(s) restricting the column.</li> <li>When
trying to find candidates for match specifications and
lookup, filters using variables from one generator only
are ignored unless they are placed immediately after the
generator and possibly other filters using variables from
the same generator. In particular, filters joining two
tables should not be placed between the generator and the
filters using the generator only.</li> <li>The
call-back function <span class="code">TraverseFun</span> used for
implementing QLC tables is allowed to return a term other
than a list since STDLIB 1.14 (OTP-5195). However, when
the returned term was a fun <span class="code">qlc</span> often tried to
call the fun instead of returning it.</li> </ul> <p>A
few minor optimizations have been implemented as
well.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-6673</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>A bug concerning the use of parameterized modules from
the shell has been fixed.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-6785</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>A bug regarding the size expression of the bit syntax
has been fixed in the <span class="code">erl_eval</span> module.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-6787</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The log_mf_h event handler didn't close the index file
when it was done reading it causing a file descriptor
leak.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-6800</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Definitions for the <span class="code">filename()</span> and
<span class="code">dirname()</span> types have been added to the
documentation for the <span class="code">filelib</span> module.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-6870</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>file:write_file/3, file:write/2 and file:read/2 could
crash (contrary to documentation) for odd enough file
system problems, e.g write to full file system. This bug
has now been corrected.</p> <p>In this process the file
module has been rewritten to produce better error codes.
Posix error codes now originate from the OS file system
calls or are generated only for very similar causes (for
example 'enomem' is generated if a memory allocation
fails, and 'einval' is generated if the file handle in
Erlang is a file handle but currently invalid).</p>
<p>More Erlang-ish error codes are now generated. For
example <span class="code">{error,badarg}</span> is now returned from
<span class="code">file:close/1</span> if the argument is not of a file
handle type. See file(3).</p> <p>The possibility to write
a single byte using <span class="code">file:write/2</span> instead of a list
or binary of one byte, contradictory to the
documentation, has been removed.</p>
<p>
*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-6967 Aux Id: OTP-6597 OTP-6291 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>A bug concerning the evaluation of the <span class="code">++/2</span>
operator has been fixed in <span class="code">erl_eval</span>. (Thanks to
Matthew Dempsky.)</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-6977</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Improvements and New Features</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The behaviour of the internal functions gen:call/3,4
has been changed slightly in the rare case that when the
caller was linked to the called server, and the server
crashed during the call; its exit signal was consumed by
the gen:call/3,4 code and converted to an exit exception.
This exit signal is no longer consumed.</p>
<p>To even notice this change, 1) the calling process has
to be linked to the called server.</p>
<p>
2) the call must not be remote by name that is it must be
local or remote by pid, local by name or global by name.</p>
<p>
3) the calling process has to have set
<span class="code">process_flag(trap_exit, true)</span>.</p>
<p>
4) the server has to crash during the call.</p>
<p>
5) the calling process has to be sensitive to getting
previously consumed <span class="code">{'EXIT',Pid,Reason}</span> messages
in its message queue.</p>
<p>The old behaviour was once the only way for a client
to notice if the server died, but has since
<span class="code">erlang:monitor(process, {Name,Node})</span> was
introduced and used in gen:call been regarded as an
undesired behaviour if not a bug.</p>
<p>The affected user APIs are:
<span class="code">gen_server:call/2,3</span>,
<span class="code">gen_fsm:sync_send_event/2,3</span>,
<span class="code">gen_fsm:sync_send_all_state_event/2,3</span>,
<span class="code">gen_event:_</span>, <span class="code">sys:_</span> and maybe a few others
that hardly will be noticed.</p>
<p>
*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-3954 Aux Id: Seq 4538 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>When an exception occurs the Erlang shell now displays
the class, the reason, and the stacktrace in a clearer
way (rather than dumping the raw EXIT tuples as before).
<span class="code">proc_lib:format/1</span> displays the exception of crash
reports in the same clearer way.</p> <p>The new shell
command <span class="code">catch_exception</span> and the new application
configuration parameter <span class="code">shell_catch_exception</span> can
be used for catching exceptions that would normally exit
the Erlang shell.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-6554 Aux Id: OTP-6289 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The function <span class="code">string:join/2</span> joins strings in a
list with a separator. Example: '<span class="code">string:join(["a",
"b", "c"], ", ") gives "a, b, c"</span>'</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-6671</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The control sequence <span class="code">P</span> of the <span class="code">Format</span>
argument of the functions <span class="code">io:fwrite/2,3</span> and
<span class="code">io_lib:fwrite/2</span> now inserts fewer line breaks when
printing tuples and lists. A soft upper limit of 60 on
the number of non-white characters on a line has been
introduced.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-6708</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The new module <span class="code">array</span> provides a fast functional
array implementation.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-6733</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Functions that have long been deprecated have now been
removed from the following modules: <span class="code">dict</span>,
<span class="code">erl_eval</span>, <span class="code">erl_pp</span>, <span class="code">io</span>, <span class="code">io_lib</span>,
<span class="code">lists</span>, <span class="code">orddict</span>, <span class="code">ordsets</span>,
<span class="code">sets</span>, and <span class="code">string</span>.</p>
<p>The undocumented function <span class="code">lists:zf/3</span> has also
been removed (use a list comprehension or
<span class="code">lists:zf/2</span> instead).</p>
<p>
*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-6845</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Minor documentation corrections for file:pread/2 and
file:pread/3.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-6853</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Contract directives for modules in Kernel and STDLIB.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-6895</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The <span class="code">ets:fixtable/2</span> function, which has been
deprecated for several releases, has been removed.</p>
<p>The <span class="code">ets:info/1</span> function has been reimplemented
as a BIF, which guarantees that information returned is
consistent.</p>
<p>The <span class="code">ets:info/2</span> function now fails with reason
<span class="code">badarg</span> if the second argument is invalid.
(Dialyzer can be used to find buggy code where the second
argument is misspelled.)</p>
<p>
*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-6906</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The Erlang pretty printer <span class="code">erl_pp</span> now inserts
more newlines in order to facilitate line coverage
analysis by <span class="code">Cover</span>. (Thanks to Thomas Arts.)</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-6911</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The documentation for ets:safe_fixtable/2, ets:foldl/3,
and ets:foldr/3 is now clearer about what will happen if
objects are inserted during table traversals.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-6928 Aux Id: seq10779 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
It is now possible to extract files in tar files directly
into binaries. It is also possible to add files to tar
files directly from binaries.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-6943</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The functions <span class="code">keystore/4</span> and <span class="code">keytake/3</span>
are new in the <span class="code">lists</span> module.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-6953</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The new <span class="code">qlc</span> option <span class="code">tmpdir_usage</span> can be
used for outputting messages onto the error logger when a
temporary file is about to be created, or to prohibit the
usage of temporary files altogether.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-6964</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2262098">1.14
STDLIB 1.14.5.3</a></h3>
<h4>Improvements and New Features</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>
The allowed syntax for -type() and -spec() was updated.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-6861 Aux Id: OTP-6834 </p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2262130">1.15
STDLIB 1.14.5.2</a></h3>
<h4>Improvements and New Features</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>
The compiler will for forward compatibility ignore the
-type() and -spec() attributes that will be introduced in
the R12B release.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-6834</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2262163">1.16
STDLIB 1.14.5.1</a></h3>
<h4>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>
The log_mf_h event handler didn't close the index file
when it was done reading it causing a file descriptor
leak.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-6800</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Improvements and New Features</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>
The dict:size/1 and orddict:size/1 functions have been
documented.</p>
<p>
Own Id: OTP-6818</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2262221">1.17
STDLIB 1.14.5</a></h3>
<h4>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Bugs have been fixed in Dets concerning comparison
(==) and matching (=:=).</p>
<p>The STDLIB manual pages
have been updated as to more carefully state when terms
are matched and when they are compared.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-4738 Aux Id: OTP-4685 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The shell has been updated to fix the following flaws:
Shell process exit left you with an unresponsive initial
shell if not using oldshell. Starting a restricted shell
with a nonexisting callback module resulted in a shell
where no commands could be used, not even init:stop/0.
Fun's could not be used as parameters to local shell
functions (in shell_default or user_default) when
restricted_shell was active.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6537</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>A bug in QLC's parse transform has been fixed.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6590</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>A bug concerning <span class="code">lists:sort/1</span> and
<span class="code">lists:keysort/2</span> and a mix of floating point
numbers and integers has been fixed.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6606</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>When calling <span class="code">erlang:garbage_collect/0</span> in the
Erlang shell not only the evaluator process (the one
returned by calling <span class="code">self()</span> in the Erlang shell) is
garbage collected, but also the process holding the
history list.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6659</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Functions of the <span class="code">beam_lib</span> module that used to
catch exceptions and return a tuple
<span class="code">{'EXIT',Reason}</span> now exit with the reason
<span class="code">Reason</span>.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6711</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The <span class="code">erl_eval</span> module now calls the non-local
function handler whenever an operator is evaluated
(exceptions are <span class="code">andalso</span>, <span class="code">orelse</span>, and
<span class="code">catch</span>). The non-local function handler is now also
called when the function or operator occurs in a guard
test (such calls used to be ignored).</p>
<p>These changes affect the Erlang shell when running in
restricted mode: the callback function
<span class="code">non_local_allowed/3</span> is now called for operators
such as <span class="code">'!'/2</span>. This means that
<span class="code">non_local_allowed/3</span> may need to be changed as to
let operators through. Note that <span class="code">erlang:'!'/2</span> as
well as <span class="code">erlang:send/2,3</span> have to be restricted in
order to stop message passing in the shell.</p>
<p>*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6714 Aux Id: seq10374 </p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Improvements and New Features</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The new compiler option <span class="code">warn_obsolete_guard</span> can
be used for turning on warnings for calls to old type
testing BIFs.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6585</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>For scripts written using <span class="code">escript</span>, there is a new
function <span class="code">escript:script_name/0</span>, which can be used
to retrieve the pathame of the script. The documentation
has been clarified regarding pre-defined macros such as
?MODULE and the module name.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6593</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Minor Makefile changes.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6689 Aux Id: OTP-6742 </p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2262490">1.18
STDLIB 1.14.4</a></h3>
<h4>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The MD5 calculation of a BEAM file done by
<span class="code">code:module_md5/1</span>, <span class="code">beam_lib:md5/1</span>, and by
the compiler for the default value of the <span class="code">vsn</span>
attribute have all been changed so that its result will
be the same on all platforms; modules containing funs
could get different MD5s on different platforms.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6459</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>When sorting terms using the <span class="code">file_sorter</span> module
(the option <span class="code">Format</span> set to <span class="code">term</span>), file
errors were not always properly handled. This bug has
been fixed.</p>
<p>The directory supplied with the
<span class="code">tmpdir</span> option is no longer checked unless it is
actually used. The error reason <span class="code">not_a_directory</span>
can no longer be returned; instead a <span class="code">file_error</span>
tuple is returned</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6526</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Bugs regarding <span class="code">try</span>/<span class="code">catch</span> have been fixed
in the <span class="code">erl_eval</span> module.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6539</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>When sorting the operands of a join operation, QLC
called <span class="code">file:open/3</span> with bad arguments. This bug
has been fixed.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6562 Aux Id: seq10606 </p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Improvements and New Features</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The functions <span class="code">beam_lib:cmp/1</span> and
<span class="code">beam_lib:strip/1</span> (and similar functions) have been
updated to handle optional chunks (such as "FunT") in
more general way in order to be future compatible.</p>
<p>The function <span class="code">beam_lib:chunks/3</span> has been
added.</p>
<p>The function <span class="code">beam_lib:md5/1</span> has been added.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6443</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Added base64 as a module to stdlib, encoding and decoding</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6470</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Added the functions to_upper/1 and to_lower/1 to the
string module. These provide case conversion for ISO/IEC
8859-1 characters (Latin1) and strings.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6472</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The callback function <span class="code">non_local_allowed/3</span> used
by the restricted shell can now return the value
<span class="code">{{restricted,NewFuncSpec,NewArgList},NewState}</span>
which can be used for letting the shell call some other
function than the one specified.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6497 Aux Id: seq10555 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>There is a new <span class="code">escript</span> program that can be used
for writing scripts in Erlang. Erlang scripts don't need
to be compiled and any arguments can be passed to them
without risk that they are interpreted by the Erlang
system.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6505</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The <span class="code">Format</span> argument of the functions
<span class="code">io:fwrite/2,3</span> and <span class="code">io_lib:fwrite/2</span> is now
allowed to be a binary.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6517</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2318447">1.19
STDLIB 1.14.3.1</a></h3>
<h4>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The control sequences <span class="code">p</span> and <span class="code">P</span> of the
<span class="code">Format</span> argument of the functions
<span class="code">io:fwrite/2,3</span> and <span class="code">io_lib:fwrite/2</span> could
cause a <span class="code">badarg</span> failure when applied to binaries.
This bug was introduced in STDLIB 1.14.3. (Thanks to
Denis Bilenko.)</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6495</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Improvements and New Features</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Added the option {cwd, Dir} to make zip-archives with
relative pathnames without having to do (a global)
file:set_cwd.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6491 Aux Id: seq10551 </p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2318533">1.20
STDLIB 1.14.3</a></h3>
<h4>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The <span class="code">spawn_opt/2,3,4,5</span> option <span class="code">monitor</span> --
introduced in Kernel 2.11.2 -- is currently not possible
to use when starting a process using <span class="code">proc_lib</span>,
that is, also when starting a gen_server, gen_fsm etc. </p>
<p>This limitation has now been properly documented and the
behavior of the <span class="code">gen_fsm</span>, <span class="code">gen_server</span>, and
<span class="code">proc_lib</span><span class="code">start</span> and <span class="code">start_link</span>
functions when providing this option has been changed
from hanging indefinitely to failing with reason
<span class="code">badarg</span>.</p>
<p>(Thanks to Fredrik Linder)</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6345</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Improvements and New Features</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The control sequence <span class="code">P</span> of the <span class="code">Format</span>
argument of the functions <span class="code">io:fwrite/2,3</span> and
<span class="code">io_lib:fwrite/2</span> now replaces the tail of binary
strings with <span class="code">...</span> when the maximum depth has been
reached. For instance, <span class="code">io:fwrite("~P", [<<"a binary string">>, 3]).</span> prints <span class="code"><<"a binary"...>></span>.</p>
<p>The indentation takes more care not to exceed the
right margin, if possible.</p>
<p>If the maximum depth is
reached while printing a tuple, <span class="code">,...</span> is printed
instead of <span class="code">|...</span> (this change applies to the
control sequence <span class="code">W</span> as well).</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6354</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The Erlang shell command <span class="code">h/0</span> that prints the
history list now avoids printing (huge) terms referred to
by <span class="code">v/1</span> but instead just prints the call to
<span class="code">v/1</span>.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6390</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2318715">1.21
STDLIB 1.14.2.2</a></h3>
<h4>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The functions <span class="code">dets:select/1,3</span>,
<span class="code">dets:match/1,3</span>, and <span class="code">dets:match_object/1,3</span>
have been changed as to never return
<span class="code">{[],Continuation}</span>. This change affects the
corresponding functions in Mnesia.</p>
<p>Bugs have been
fixed in QLC: <span class="code">qlc:info()</span> could crash if the
<span class="code">tmpdir</span> option did not designate a valid directory;
the results of looking up keys are kept in RAM, which
should improve performance.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6359</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2318780">1.22
STDLIB 1.14.2.1</a></h3>
<h4>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>A bug in <span class="code">erl_pp:exprs()</span> has been fixed.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6321 Aux Id: seq10497 </p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2318817">1.23
STDLIB 1.14.2</a></h3>
<h4>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The control sequences <span class="code">p</span> and <span class="code">P</span> of the
<span class="code">Format</span> argument of the functions
<span class="code">io:format/2,3</span> and <span class="code">io_lib:format/2</span> did not
handle binaries very well. This bug, introduced in
stdlib-1.14, has been fixed.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6230</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span class="code">filelib:wildcard(Wc, PathWithRedundantSlashes)</span>,
where <span class="code">PathWithRedundantSlashes</span> is a directory path
containing redundant slashes, such as <span class="code">/tmp/</span> or
<span class="code">//tmp</span>, could return incorrect results. (Thanks to
Martin Bjorklund.)</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6271</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The Erlang code preprocessor crashed if the predefined
macros ?MODULE or ?MODULE_STRING were used before the
module declaration. This bug has been fixed.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6277</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Improvements and New Features</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Support for faster join of two tables has been added
to the <span class="code">qlc</span> module. There are two kinds of fast
joins: lookup join that uses existing indices, and merge
join that takes two sorted inputs. There is a new
<span class="code">join</span> option that can be used to force QLC to use a
particular kind of join in some QLC expression.</p>
<p>Several other changes have also been included:</p>
<p></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The new <span class="code">tmpdir</span> option of <span class="code">cursor/2</span>,
<span class="code">eval/2</span>, <span class="code">fold/4</span>, and <span class="code">info/2</span> can be
used to set the directory that join uses for temporary
files. The option also overrides the <span class="code">tmpdir</span> option
of <span class="code">keysort/3</span> and <span class="code">sort/2</span>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The new <span class="code">lookup</span> option can be used to
assert that constants are looked up when evaluating some
QLC expression.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The <span class="code">cache</span> and <span class="code">cache_all</span> options
accept new tags: <span class="code">ets</span>, <span class="code">list</span>, and <span class="code">no</span>.
The tag <span class="code">list</span> caches answers in a list using a
temporary file if the answers cannot be held in RAM.
Combining <span class="code">{cache,list}</span> and <span class="code">{unique, true}</span>
is equivalent to calling <span class="code">sort/2</span> with the option
<span class="code">unique</span> set to <span class="code">true</span>. The old tags
<span class="code">true</span> (equivalent to <span class="code">ets</span>) and <span class="code">false</span>
(equivalent to <span class="code">no</span>) are recognized for backward
compatibility.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The new option <span class="code">max_list_size</span> can be used
to set the limit where merge join starts to use temporary
files for large equivalence classes and when answers
cached in lists are put on temporary files.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>There is a new callback <span class="code">is_sorted_key</span> to
be supplied as an option to <span class="code">table/2</span>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>QLC analyzes each and every QLC expression when
trying to find constants for the lookup function.
Hitherto only QLC expressions with exactly one generator
were analyzed.</p>
<p>Note that only filters with guard
syntax placed immediately after the generator are
analyzed. The restriction to guard filters is an
incompatible change. See <span class="code">qlc(3)</span> for further
details.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>In a similar way several match specifications
for traversal of QLC tables can be utilized for different
generators of one single QLC expression.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>A bug has been fixed: when caching answers to a
sufficiently complex query it could happen that some
answers were not returned.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6038</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The Erlang pretty printer (<span class="code">erl_pp</span>) is now much
faster when the code is deeply nested. A few minor bugs
have been fixed as well.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6227 Aux Id: OTP-5924 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The Erlang shell now tries to garbage collect large
binaries. Under certain circumstances such binaries could
otherwise linger on for an indefinite amount of time.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6239</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>To help Dialyzer find more bugs, many functions in the
Kernel and STDLIB applications now only accept arguments
of the type that is documented.</p>
<p>For instance, the functions <span class="code">lists:prefix/2</span> and
<span class="code">lists:suffix/2</span> are documented to only accept lists
as their arguments, but they actually accepted anything
and returned <span class="code">false</span>. That has been changed so that
the functions cause an exception if one or both arguments
are not lists.</p>
<p>Also, the <span class="code">string:strip/3</span> function is documented
to take a character argument that is a character to strip
from one or both ends of the string. Given a list instead
of a character, it used to do nothing, but will now cause
an exception.</p>
<p>Dialyzer will find most cases where those functions
are passed arguments of the wrong type.</p>
<p>*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6295</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2301393">1.24
STDLIB 1.14.1</a></h3>
<h4>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The functions <span class="code">c:y/1,2</span> which call
<span class="code">yecc:file/1,2</span> are now listed by
<span class="code">c:help/0</span>.</p>
<p>Documentation of <span class="code">c:y/1,2</span> has been added to
<span class="code">c(3)</span>.</p>
<p>The fact that the control sequence character <span class="code">s</span>
recognizes binaries and deep character lists has been
documented in <span class="code">io(3)</span>. This feature was added in
R11B-0 (OTP-5403).</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6140</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The shell command rr() sometimes failed to read record
definitions from file(s). This problem has been fixed.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6166 Aux Id: OTP-5878 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The nonlocal function handler in <span class="code">erl_eval</span>, which
is used for implementing the restricted mode of the
Erlang shell, did not handle calls to
<span class="code">erlang:apply/3</span> correctly. This bug has been fixed.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6169 Aux Id: seq10374 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>ets:rename/1 could deadlock, or crash the SMP emulator
when the table wasn't a named table.</p>
<p>ets:next/2, and ets:prev/2 could return erroneous results
on the SMP emulator.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6198 Aux Id: seq10392, seq10415 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>When closing a Dets table the space management data was
sometimes saved in such a way that opening the table
could not be done without repairing the file. This bug
has been fixed.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6206</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2301533">1.25
STDLIB 1.14</a></h3>
<h4>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>A bugfix in QLC: two of the call-back functions used
for implementing QLC tables, <span class="code">TraverseFun</span> and
<span class="code">LookupFun</span>, are now allowed to return a term other
than a list. Such a term is immediately returned as the
results of the current query, and is useful mostly for
returning error tuples.</p>
<p>Several other minor bugs have been also been fixed.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5195</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The STDLIB modules <span class="code">error_logger_file_h</span> and
<span class="code">error_logger_tty_h</span> now read the environment
variable <span class="code">utc_log</span> from the SASL application.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5535</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span class="code">ets:info/1</span> has been corrected to behave according
to the documentation and return a list of tuples, not a
tuple with tuples.</p>
<p>*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5639</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Referencing a so far undeclared record from the default
value of some record declaration is from now on considered
an error by the linter. It is also an error if the default
value of a record declaration uses or binds a variable.</p>
<p>*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5878</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>When a file <span class="code">.hrl</span> file is included using
<span class="code">-include_lib</span>, the include path is temporarily
updated to include the directory the <span class="code">.hrl</span> file was
found in, which will allow that <span class="code">.hrl</span> file to itself
include files from the same directory as itself using
<span class="code">-include</span>. (Thanks to Richard Carlsson.)</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5944</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Corrected <span class="code">filelib:ensure_dir/1</span> which sometimes
returned <span class="code">true</span> and sometimes <span class="code">ok</span> to always
return <span class="code">ok</span> when successful. This goes against the
documentation which said <span class="code">true</span>, but <span class="code">ok</span> was
judged to be a more logical return value.</p>
<p>*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5960 Aux Id: seq10240 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The shell now handles records better when used in calls
on the form <span class="code">{Module, Function}(ArgList)</span>.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5990 Aux Id: OTP-5876 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The functions <span class="code">lists:ukeysort/2</span> and
<span class="code">lists:ukeymerge/3</span> have been changed in such a way
that two tuples are considered equal if their keys
match.</p>
<p>For the sake of consistency, <span class="code">lists:usort/2</span> and
<span class="code">lists:umerge/3</span> have been modified too: two elements
are considered equal if they compare equal.</p>
<p>The <span class="code">file_sorter</span> module has been modified in a
similar way: the <span class="code">unique</span> option now applies to the
key (<span class="code">keysort()</span> and <span class="code">keymerge()</span>) and the
ordering function (the option <span class="code">{order, Order} </span>).</p>
<p>*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6019</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Correction in documentation for
<span class="code">ets:update_counter/3</span>; failure with <span class="code">badarg</span>
also if the counter to be updated is the key.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6072</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>When sorting terms using the <span class="code">file_sorter</span> module
and an ordering fun, the sort was not always stable. This
bug has been fixed.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6088</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Improvements and New Features</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Improvements of the linter:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The <span class="code">compile</span> attribute is recognized after
function definitions.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The new compiler option
<span class="code">nowarn_deprecated_function</span> can be used for
turning off warnings for calls to deprecated functions.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The new compiler option
<span class="code">{nowarn_unused_function,[{Name,Arity}]}</span> turns off
warnings for unused local functions for the mentioned
functions. The new options
<span class="code">{nowarn_deprecated_function,[{Module,Name,Arity}]}</span>
and <span class="code">{nowarn_bif_clash,[{Name,Arity}]}</span> work
similarly.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>The Erlang code preprocessor <span class="code">epp</span> now recognizes
the <span class="code">file</span> attribute. This attribute is meant to be
used by tools such as Yecc that generate source code
files.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5362</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The formatting option <span class="code">~s</span> of <span class="code">io:fwrite</span> and
<span class="code">io_lib:fwrite</span> has been extended to handle arguments
that are binaries or I/O lists.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5403</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The control sequences <span class="code">p</span> and <span class="code">P</span> of the
<span class="code">Format</span> argument of the functions
<span class="code">io:format/2,3</span> and <span class="code">io_lib:format/2</span> have been
changed as to display the contents of binaries containing
printable characters as strings.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5485</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The linter emits warnings for functions exported more
than once in <span class="code">export</span> attributes.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5494</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>A manual for STDLIB has been added, <span class="code">stdlib(6)</span>. It
mentions the configuration parameters for the Erlang
shell.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5530</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Added the <span class="code">zip</span> module with functions for reading
and creating zip archives. See <span class="code">zip(3)</span>.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5786</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Simple-one-for-one supervisors now store the pids of
child processes using <span class="code">dict</span> instead of a list. This
significantly improves performance when there are many
dynamic supervised child processes. (Thanks to Mickaël
Rémond et al.)</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5898</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>When given the new option '<span class="code">strict_record_tests</span>',
the compiler will generate code that verifies the record
type for '<span class="code">R#record.field</span>' operations in guards. Code
that verifies record types in bodies has already been
generated since R10B, but in this release there will be a
'<span class="code">{badrecord,RecordTag}</span>' instead of a
'<span class="code">badmatch</span>' if the record verification test fails.
See the documentation for the <span class="code">compile</span> module for
more information.</p>
<p>The Erlang shell always applies strict record tests.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5915 Aux Id: OTP-5714 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The Erlang pretty printer (<span class="code">erl_pp</span>) now tries to
insert line breaks at appropriate places.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5924</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The <span class="code">public</span> option has been removed from
<span class="code">digraph:new/1</span>. The reason is that several
functions in the <span class="code">digraph</span> module are implemented
using multiple ETS accesses, which is not thread safe.
(Thanks to Ulf Wiger.)</p>
<p>*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5985</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The function <span class="code">lists:keyreplace/4</span> checks that the
fourth argument (<span class="code">NewTuple</span>) is a tuple.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6023</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Added an example of how to reconstruct source code from
debug info (abstract code) to <span class="code">beam_lib(3)</span>. (Thanks
to Mats Cronqvist who wrote the example.)</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6073</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The new compiler option <span class="code">warn_unused_record</span> is used
for finding unused locally defined record types.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-6105</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2319393">1.26
STDLIB 1.13.12</a></h3>
<h4>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span class="code">shell_default:xm/1</span> has been added. It calls
<span class="code">xref:m/1</span>.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5405 Aux Id: OTP-4101 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Warnings are output whenever so far undeclared records are
referenced from some default value of a record
declaration. In STDLIB 1.14 (R11B) such forward references
will cause a compilation error.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5878</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The linter's check of the <span class="code">deprecated</span> attribute did
not take the compile option <span class="code">export_all</span> into
account. This bug has been fixed.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5917</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The Erlang pretty printer did not handle <span class="code">try/catch</span>
correctly. This bug has been fixed.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5926</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Corrected documentation for <span class="code">lists:nthtail/3</span>.</p>
<p>Added documentation for <span class="code">lists:keymap/3</span>.</p>
<p>Tried to clarify some other type declarations and
function descriptions in <span class="code">lists(3)</span>.</p>
<p>Corrected documentation for <span class="code">timer:now_diff/2</span>.</p>
<p>Fixed broken links in <span class="code">gen_fsm(3)</span>,
<span class="code">gen_server(3)</span>, <span class="code">io_lib(3)</span> and <span class="code">lib(3)</span>.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5931</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Type checks have been added to functions in
<span class="code">lists.erl</span>.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5939</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Improvements and New Features</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The new STDLIB module <span class="code">erl_expand_records</span> expands
records in abstract code. It is used by the Erlang shell,
which means that Compiler is no longer used by the shell.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5876 Aux Id: OTP-5435 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The compiler will now warn that the
<span class="code">megaco:format_versions/1</span> function is deprecated.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5976</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2319608">1.27
STDLIB 1.13.11</a></h3>
<h4>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>When calling <span class="code">gen_server:enter_loop</span> with a
registered server name, it was only checked that the
registered name existed, not that it actually was the
name of the calling process.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5854</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Improvements and New Features</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>More detail on <span class="code">beam_lib:version/1</span> in
documentation.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5789</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The new function <span class="code">io:read/3</span> works like
<span class="code">io:read/1,2</span> but takes a third argument,
<span class="code">StartLine</span>.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5813</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The new function <span class="code">gen_fsm:enter_loop/4,5,6</span>, similar
to <span class="code">gen_server:enter_loop/3,4,5</span>, has been added.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5846 Aux Id: seq10163 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The function <span class="code">c:i/1</span> is now exported.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5848 Aux Id: seq10164 </p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2326817">1.28
STDLIB 1.13.10</a></h3>
<h4>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>A couple of type errors have been fixed in <span class="code">sofs</span>.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5739</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The pre-processor used to complain that the macro
definition '<span class="code">-define(S(S), ??S).</span>' was circular,
which it isn't. (Thanks to Richard Carlsson.)</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5777</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2326872">1.29
STDLIB 1.13.9</a></h3>
<h4>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The linter, QLC and the module <span class="code">erl_pp</span> did not
handle the new '<span class="code">fun M:F/A</span>' construct in all
situations. This problem has been fixed.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5644</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Improvements and New Features</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The manual pages for most of the Kernel and some of
the STDLIB modules have been updated, in particular
regarding type definitions.</p>
<p>The documentation of the return value for
<span class="code">erts:info/1</span> has been corrected.</p>
<p>The documentation for <span class="code">erlang:statistics/1</span> now
lists all possible arguments.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5360</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Replaced some tuple funs with the new <span class="code">fun M:F/A</span>
construct.</p>
<p>The high-order functions in the lists module no longer
accept bad funs under any circumstances.
'<span class="code">lists:map(bad_fun, [])</span>' used to return
'<span class="code">[]</span>' but now causes an exception.</p>
<p>Unused, broken compatibility code in the <span class="code">ets</span>
module was removed. (Thanks to Dialyzer.)</p>
<p>Eliminated 5 discrepancies found by Dialyzer in the
Appmon application.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5633</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The <span class="code">c:i/0</span> function will now run in a paged mode if
there are more than 100 processes in the system. (Thanks
to Ulf Wiger.)</p>
<p><span class="code">erlang:system_info(process_count)</span> has been
optimized and does now return exactly the same value as
<span class="code">length(processes())</span>. Previously
<span class="code">erlang:system_info(process_count)</span> did not include
exiting processes which are included in
<span class="code">length(processes())</span>.</p>
<p>The <span class="code">+P</span> flag for <span class="code">erl</span>, which sets the maximum
number of processes allowed to exist at the same, no longer
accepts values higher than 134217727. (You will still
probably run out of memory before you'll be able to reach
that limit.)</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5645 Aux Id: seq9984 </p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2327056">1.30
STDLIB 1.13.8</a></h3>
<h4>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Very minor corrections in <span class="code">beam_lib</span> and its
documentation.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5589</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Improvements and New Features</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The <span class="code">erlang:port_info/1</span> BIF is now documented.
Minor corrections of the documentation for
<span class="code">erlang:port_info/2</span>.</p>
<p>Added a note to the documentation of the <span class="code">math</span>
module that all functions are not available on all
platforms.</p>
<p>Added more information about the '<span class="code">+c</span>' option in
the <span class="code">erl</span> man page in the ERTS documentation.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5555</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The new <span class="code">fun M:F/A</span> construct creates a fun that
refers to the latest version of <span class="code">M:F/A</span>. This syntax is
meant to replace tuple funs <span class="code">{M,F}</span> which have many
problems.</p>
<p>The new type test <span class="code">is_function(Fun,A)</span> (which may be
used in guards) test whether <span class="code">Fun</span> is a fun that can be
applied with <span class="code">A</span> arguments. (Currently, <span class="code">Fun</span> can
also be a tuple fun.)</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5584</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2327195">1.31
STDLIB 1.13.7</a></h3>
<h4>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span class="code">filelib:wildcard/2</span> was broken (it ignored its
second argument).</p>
<p>Also, <span class="code">filelib:wildcard("Filename")</span> (where the
argument does not contain any meta-characters) would
always return <span class="code">["Filename"]</span>. Corrected so that an
empty list will be returned if <span class="code">"Filename"</span> does not
actually exist. (Same correction in
<span class="code">filelib:wildcard/2</span>.) (This change is a slight
incompatibility.)</p>
<p><span class="code">filelib:wildcard/1,2</span> will generate a different
exception when given bad patterns such as <span class="code">"{a,"</span>. The
exception used to be caused by
'<span class="code">exit(missing_delimiter)</span>' but is now
'<span class="code">erlang:error({badpattern,missing_delimiter})</span>'.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5523 Aux Id: seq9824 </p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Improvements and New Features</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Further improvements of encrypted debug info: New option
<span class="code">encrypt_debug_info</span> for compiler.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5541 Aux Id: seq9837 </p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2327307">1.32
STDLIB 1.13.6</a></h3>
<h4>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>When opening a Dets table read only an attempt was
sometimes made to re-hash the table resulting in an error
message. This problem has been fixed.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5487 Aux Id: OTP-4989 </p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Improvements and New Features</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>It is now possible to encrypt the debug information in
Beam files, to help keep the source code secret. See the
documentation for <span class="code">compile</span> on how to provide the key
for encrypting, and the documentation for <span class="code">beam_lib</span>
on how to provide the key for decryption so that tools such
as the Debugger, <span class="code">xref</span>, or <span class="code">cover</span> can be used.</p>
<p>The <span class="code">beam_lib:chunks/2</span> functions now accepts an
additional chunk type <span class="code">compile_info</span> to retrieve
the compilation information directly as a term. (Thanks
to Tobias Lindahl.)</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5460 Aux Id: seq9787 </p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2327402">1.33
STDLIB 1.13.5</a></h3>
<h4>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Closing a Dets table kept in RAM would cause a crash if
the file could not be written. This problem has been
fixed by returning an error tuple.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5402</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span class="code">erl_pp</span> now correctly pretty-prints <span class="code">fun F/A</span>.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5412</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The Erlang shell failed if the compiler was not in the
code path. This problem has been fixed, but in order to
evaluate records the compiler is still needed.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5435</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Corrected the example in the documentation for
<span class="code">ets:match/2</span>. Also clarified that
<span class="code">ets:update_counter/3</span> updates the counter atomically.
(Thanks to Anders Svensson.)</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5452 Aux Id: seq9770, seq9789 </p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Improvements and New Features</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The possibility to start the Erlang shell in parallel
with the rest of the system was reintroduced for
backwards compatibility in STDLIB 1.13.1. The flag to be
used for this is now called <span class="code">async_shell_start</span> and has
been documented. New shells started from the JCL menu are
not synchronized with <span class="code">init</span> anymore. This makes it
possible to start a new shell (e.g. for debugging purposes)
even if the initial shell has not come up.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5406 Aux Id: OTP-5218 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The compiler will now produce warnings when using the
deprecated functions in the <span class="code">snmp</span> module.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5425</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The function <span class="code">c:zi/0</span> has been removed. Use
<span class="code">c:i/0</span> instead.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5432</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Corrected two minor bugs found by the Dialyzer:
Calling a parameterized module from a restricted shell
(i.e. if <span class="code">shell:start_restricted/1</span> has been used)
would crash the shell evaluator. A debug printout in
<span class="code">gen_fsm</span> had a clause that would never match; causing
less information to be printed.</p>
<p>And a somewhat more serious one also found by
Dialyzer: <span class="code">rpc:yield/1</span> would crash unless the call
started by <span class="code">rpc:async_call/4</span> had already finished;
<span class="code">rpc:nb_yield(Key,infinity)</span> would also crash.</p>
<p>Cleaned up and removed redundant code found by
Dialyzer in <span class="code">erlang:dmonitor_p/2</span>.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5462</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2347908">1.34
STDLIB 1.13.4</a></h3>
<h4>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Bugs in the Erlang shell have been fixed.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5327</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Some dead code reported by Dialyzer was eliminated.</p>
<p>A bug in <span class="code">dbg</span> when tracing to wrap trace files has
been corrected. It failed to delete any already existing
wrap trace files with the same names when starting a new
wrap trace.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5329</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The linter could output invalid warnings about bit
patterns in record initializations. This problem has been
fixed.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5338</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span class="code">ordsets:is_set(NoList)</span>, where <span class="code">NoList</span> is any
term except a list, would crash. For consistency with
<span class="code">sets:is_set/1</span> and <span class="code">gb_sets:is_set/1</span>, it now
returns <span class="code">false</span>.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5341</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>A BIF <span class="code">erlang:raise/3</span> has been added. See the manual
for details. It is intended for internal system programming
only, advanced error handling.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5376 Aux Id: OTP-5257 </p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Improvements and New Features</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The <span class="code">deprecated</span> attribute is now checked by the
linter. See <span class="code">xref(3)</span> for a description of the
<span class="code">deprecated</span> attribute.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5276</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The restricted shell will now indicate if the return
value from a user predicate is on an incorrect form.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5335</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2348077">1.35
STDLIB 1.13.3</a></h3>
<h4>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Bugs concerning unused and shadowed variables have been
fixed in the linter.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5091</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>A bug in the evaluator that caused the shell to choke on
bit syntax expressions has been fixed.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5237</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span class="code">io:format/2</span> et.al no longer crashes for some
combinations of precision and value for format character
"g". Previously it crashed if the precision P was 4 or lower
and the absolute value of the float to print was lower
than 10^4 but 10^(P-1) or higher. Now it will not crash
depending on the value of the float.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5263</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Bugs in the handling of the bit syntax have been fixed in
the Erlang shell.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5269</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span class="code">gb_sets:del_element/2</span> was changed to do the
same as <span class="code">gb_sets:delete_any/2</span> which was the
original intention, not as <span class="code">gb_sets:delete/2</span>. Code
that relies on <span class="code">gb_sets:del_element/2</span> causing an
error if the element does not exist must be changed to
call <span class="code">gb_sets:delete/2</span> instead.</p>
<p>The documentation was also updated to explicitly
document functions that were only referred to as
'aliases' of a documented function. Also, a list of all
functions common to the <span class="code">gb_sets</span>, <span class="code">sets</span>, and
<span class="code">ordsets</span> was added.</p>
<p>*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5277</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Debug messages have been removed from the QLC module.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5283</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Improvements and New Features</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The size of continuations returned from
<span class="code">dets:match/1,3</span>, <span class="code">dets:match_object/1,3</span>, and
<span class="code">dets:select/1,3</span> has been reduced. This affects the
amount of data Mnesia sends between nodes while
evaluating QLC queries.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5232</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2348264">1.36
STDLIB 1.13.2</a></h3>
<h4>Improvements and New Features</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The <span class="code">-rsh</span> switch for starting a remote shell
(introduced with OTP-5210) clashed with an already existing
switch used by <span class="code">slave</span>. Therefore the switch for
the remote shell is now instead named <span class="code">-remsh</span>.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5248 Aux Id: OTP-5210 </p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="id2348311">1.37
STDLIB 1.13.1</a></h3>
<h4>Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The Pman 'trace shell' functionality was broken as has
now been fixed. Furthermore, Pman could not correctly
find the pid of the active shell if more than one shell
process was running on the node. This has also been
corrected.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5191</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>When the undocumented feature "parameterized modules" was
used, the ?MODULE macro did not work correctly.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5224</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Improvements and New Features</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<p>You can now start Erlang with the <span class="code">-rsh</span> flag which
gives you a remote initial shell instead of a local one.
Example:</p>
<div class="example"><pre>
erl -sname this_node -rsh other_node@other_host
</pre></div>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5210</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The man page for the <span class="code">lists</span> module has been updated
with description of the new <span class="code">zip</span>, <span class="code">unzip</span>,
and <span class="code">partition/2</span> functions.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5213</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The top level group leader used to be listed as job #1 in
the job list in JCL mode. Since there is no shell
associated with this process that can be connected to, it
will no longer be listed.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5214</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The possibility to start the Erlang shell in parallel
with the rest of the system has been reintroduced for
backwards compatibility. Note that this old behaviour is
error prone and should not be used unless for some reason
necessary.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5218 Aux Id: seq9534 </p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The <span class="code">shell</span> commands <span class="code">rr/1,2,3</span> now accepts
wildcards when reading record definitions from BEAM
files.</p>
<p>Own Id: OTP-5226</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="footer">
<hr>
<p>Copyright © 1997-2010 Ericsson AB. All Rights Reserved.</p>
</div>
</div>
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