<!-- header_tag --> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/loose.dtd"> <html> <!-- Copyright C 1999-2009 by the authors Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License". --> <!-- Created on December 15, 2009 by texi2html 1.82 texi2html was written by: Lionel Cons <Lionel.Cons@cern.ch> (original author) Karl Berry <karl@freefriends.org> Olaf Bachmann <obachman@mathematik.uni-kl.de> and many others. Maintained by: Many creative people. Send bugs and suggestions to <texi2html-bug@nongnu.org> --> <head> <title>GNU LilyPond Learning Manual: B.1 Tweaking with Scheme</title> <meta name="description" content="GNU LilyPond Learning Manual: B.1 Tweaking with Scheme"> <meta name="keywords" content="GNU LilyPond Learning Manual: B.1 Tweaking with Scheme"> <meta name="resource-type" content="document"> <meta name="distribution" content="global"> <meta name="Generator" content="texi2html 1.82"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <link href="index.html#Top" rel="start" title="GNU LilyPond — Learning Manual"> <link href="LilyPond-index.html#LilyPond-index" rel="index" title="D. LilyPond index"> <link href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" rel="contents" title="Table of Contents"> <link href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" rel="help" title="About This Document"> <link href="Scheme-tutorial.html#Scheme-tutorial" rel="up" title="B. Scheme tutorial"> <link href="LilyPond-index.html#LilyPond-index" rel="next" title="D. LilyPond index"> <link href="Scheme-tutorial.html#Scheme-tutorial" rel="previous" title="B. Scheme tutorial"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" title="Patrick McCarty's design" href="lilypond-mccarty.css"> <link rel="alternate stylesheet" type="text/css" href="lilypond.css" title="Andrew Hawryluk's design"> <link rel="alternate stylesheet" type="text/css" href="lilypond-blue.css" title="Kurt Kroon's blue design"> <!--[if lte IE 7]> <link href="lilypond-ie-fixes.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> <![endif]--> </head> <body lang="en" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#800080" alink="#FF0000"> <div id="main"> <a name="Tweaking-with-Scheme"></a> <table class="nav_table"> <tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="Scheme-tutorial.html#Scheme-tutorial" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Scheme tutorial </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="LilyPond-index.html#LilyPond-index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="GNU-Free-Documentation-License.html#GNU-Free-Documentation-License" title="Next chapter"> GNU Free Documentation License >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="Scheme-tutorial.html#Scheme-tutorial" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < Scheme tutorial </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="Scheme-tutorial.html#Scheme-tutorial" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Scheme tutorial </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="GNU-Free-Documentation-License.html#GNU-Free-Documentation-License" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> GNU Free Documentation License > </a>]</td></tr></table> <a name="Tweaking-with-Scheme"></a> <h2 class="appendixsec">B.1 Tweaking with Scheme</h2> <p>We have seen how LilyPond output can be heavily modified using commands like <code>\override TextScript #'extra-offset = ( 1 . -1)</code>. But we have even more power if we use Scheme. For a full explanation of this, see the <a href="Scheme-tutorial.html#Scheme-tutorial">Scheme tutorial</a>, and <a name="index-Interfaces-for-programmers-1"></a> <a href="../lilypond/Interfaces-for-programmers.html#Interfaces-for-programmers">Interfaces for programmers</a>. </p> <p>We can use Scheme to simply <code>\override</code> commands, </p> <p>TODO Find a simple example </p> <p>We can use it to create new commands: </p> <blockquote><pre class="verbatim">tempoMark = #(define-music-function (parser location padding marktext) (number? string?) #{ \once \override Score . RehearsalMark #'padding = $padding \once \override Score . RehearsalMark #'extra-spacing-width = #'(+inf.0 . -inf.0) \mark \markup { \bold $marktext } #}) \relative c'' { c2 e \tempoMark #3.0 #"Allegro" g c } </pre><p> <a href="../05/lily-c5ae36a5.ly"> <img align="middle" border="0" src="../05/lily-c5ae36a5.png" alt="[image of music]"> </a> </p> </blockquote> <p>Even music expressions can be passed in: </p> <blockquote><pre class="verbatim">pattern = #(define-music-function (parser location x y) (ly:music? ly:music?) #{ $x e8 a b $y b a e #}) \relative c''{ \pattern c8 c8\f \pattern {d16 dis} { ais16-> b\p } } </pre><p> <a href="../ed/lily-6881f2bf.ly"> <img align="middle" border="0" src="../ed/lily-6881f2bf.png" alt="[image of music]"> </a> </p> </blockquote> <hr size="6"> <table class="nav_table"> <tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="1">[<a href="Scheme-tutorial.html#Scheme-tutorial" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << Scheme tutorial </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="3">[<a href="index.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document" rel="start">Top</a>][<a href="index_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="LilyPond-index.html#LilyPond-index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>][<a href="index_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)" rel="help"> ? </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="1">[<a href="GNU-Free-Documentation-License.html#GNU-Free-Documentation-License" title="Next chapter"> GNU Free Documentation License >> </a>]</td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2">[<a href="Scheme-tutorial.html#Scheme-tutorial" title="Previous section in reading order" accesskey="p" rel="previous"> < Scheme tutorial </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="center" colspan="1">[<a href="Scheme-tutorial.html#Scheme-tutorial" title="Up section" accesskey="u" rel="up"> Up : Scheme tutorial </a>]</td><td valign="middle" align="right" colspan="2">[<a href="GNU-Free-Documentation-License.html#GNU-Free-Documentation-License" title="Next section in reading order" accesskey="n" rel="next"> GNU Free Documentation License > </a>]</td></tr></table> <!-- footer_tag --> <div class="footer"> <p class="footer_version"> This page is for LilyPond-2.12.3 (stable-branch). </p> <p class="footer_report"> Your <a href="http://lilypond.org/web/devel/participating/documentation-adding">suggestions for the documentation</a> are welcome, please report errors to our <a href="http://post.gmane.org/post.php?group=gmane.comp.gnu.lilypond.bugs">bug list</a>. </p> </div> <p id="languages"> Other languages: <a href="Tweaking-with-Scheme.es.html">espaƱol</a>, <a href="Tweaking-with-Scheme.de.html">deutsch</a>. <br> </p> <!-- FOOTER --> <!-- end div#main here --> </div> <div id="tocframe"> <p class="toc_uplink"><a href="../index.html" title="Documentation Index"><< Back to Documentation Index</a></p> <h4 class="toc_header"> <a href="index.html#Top" title="Start of the manual">Learning Manual</a></h4> <div class="contents"> <ul class="toc"> <li><a name="toc-Preface-1" href="Preface.html#Preface">Preface</a> </li> <li><a name="toc-Introduction-1" href="Introduction.html#Introduction">1. Introduction</a> <ul class="toc"> <li><a name="toc-Background-1" href="Background.html#Background">1.1 Background</a> </li> <li><a name="toc-About-the-documentation-1" href="About-the-documentation.html#About-the-documentation">1.2 About the documentation</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li><a name="toc-Tutorial-1" href="Tutorial.html#Tutorial">2. Tutorial</a> <ul class="toc"> <li><a name="toc-First-steps-1" href="First-steps.html#First-steps">2.1 First steps</a> </li> <li><a name="toc-Single-staff-notation-1" href="Single-staff-notation.html#Single-staff-notation">2.2 Single staff notation</a> </li> <li><a name="toc-Multiple-notes-at-once-1" href="Multiple-notes-at-once.html#Multiple-notes-at-once">2.3 Multiple notes at once</a> </li> <li><a name="toc-Songs-1" href="Songs.html#Songs">2.4 Songs</a> </li> <li><a name="toc-Final-touches-1" href="Final-touches.html#Final-touches">2.5 Final touches</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li><a name="toc-Fundamental-concepts-1" href="Fundamental-concepts.html#Fundamental-concepts">3. Fundamental concepts</a> <ul class="toc"> <li><a name="toc-How-LilyPond-input-files-work-1" href="How-LilyPond-input-files-work.html#How-LilyPond-input-files-work">3.1 How LilyPond input files work</a> </li> <li><a name="toc-Voices-contain-music-1" href="Voices-contain-music.html#Voices-contain-music">3.2 Voices contain music</a> </li> <li><a name="toc-Contexts-and-engravers-1" href="Contexts-and-engravers.html#Contexts-and-engravers">3.3 Contexts and engravers</a> </li> <li><a name="toc-Extending-the-templates-1" href="Extending-the-templates.html#Extending-the-templates">3.4 Extending the templates</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li><a name="toc-Tweaking-output-1" href="Tweaking-output.html#Tweaking-output">4. Tweaking output</a> <ul class="toc"> <li><a name="toc-Tweaking-basics-1" href="Tweaking-basics.html#Tweaking-basics">4.1 Tweaking basics</a> </li> <li><a name="toc-The-Internals-Reference-manual-1" href="The-Internals-Reference-manual.html#The-Internals-Reference-manual">4.2 The Internals Reference manual</a> </li> <li><a name="toc-Appearance-of-objects-1" href="Appearance-of-objects.html#Appearance-of-objects">4.3 Appearance of objects</a> </li> <li><a name="toc-Placement-of-objects-1" href="Placement-of-objects.html#Placement-of-objects">4.4 Placement of objects</a> </li> <li><a name="toc-Collisions-of-objects-1" href="Collisions-of-objects.html#Collisions-of-objects">4.5 Collisions of objects</a> </li> <li><a name="toc-Further-tweaking-1" href="Further-tweaking.html#Further-tweaking">4.6 Further tweaking</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li><a name="toc-Working-on-LilyPond-projects-1" href="Working-on-LilyPond-projects.html#Working-on-LilyPond-projects">5. Working on LilyPond projects</a> <ul class="toc"> <li><a name="toc-Suggestions-for-writing-LilyPond-input-files-1" href="Suggestions-for-writing-LilyPond-input-files.html#Suggestions-for-writing-LilyPond-input-files">5.1 Suggestions for writing LilyPond input files</a> </li> <li><a name="toc-When-things-don_0027t-work-1" href="When-things-don_0027t-work.html#When-things-don_0027t-work">5.2 When things don’t work</a> </li> <li><a name="toc-Scores-and-parts-1" href="Scores-and-parts.html#Scores-and-parts">5.3 Scores and parts</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li><a name="toc-Templates-1" href="Templates.html#Templates">A. Templates</a> <ul class="toc"> <li><a name="toc-Single-staff-1" href="Single-staff.html#Single-staff">A.1 Single staff</a> </li> <li><a name="toc-Piano-templates-1" href="Piano-templates.html#Piano-templates">A.2 Piano templates</a> </li> <li><a name="toc-String-quartet-2" href="String-quartet.html#String-quartet">A.3 String quartet</a> </li> <li><a name="toc-Vocal-ensembles-1" href="Vocal-ensembles.html#Vocal-ensembles">A.4 Vocal ensembles</a> </li> <li><a name="toc-Ancient-notation-templates-1" href="Ancient-notation-templates.html#Ancient-notation-templates">A.5 Ancient notation templates</a> </li> <li><a name="toc-Jazz-combo-1" href="Jazz-combo.html#Jazz-combo">A.6 Jazz combo</a> </li> <li><a name="toc-lilypond_002dbook-templates-1" href="lilypond_002dbook-templates.html#lilypond_002dbook-templates">A.7 lilypond-book templates</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Scheme-tutorial-1" href="Scheme-tutorial.html#Scheme-tutorial">B. Scheme tutorial</a> <ul class="toc"> <li class="toc_current"><a name="toc-Tweaking-with-Scheme-1" href="Tweaking-with-Scheme.html#Tweaking-with-Scheme">B.1 Tweaking with Scheme</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li><a name="toc-GNU-Free-Documentation-License-1" href="GNU-Free-Documentation-License.html#GNU-Free-Documentation-License">C. GNU Free Documentation License</a> </li> <li><a name="toc-LilyPond-index-1" href="LilyPond-index.html#LilyPond-index">D. LilyPond index</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </body> </html>