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<title>Windows Interface Reference: Window structure</title>
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<h1>Window </h1>
<p>The Window structure contains functions and structures to create and operate on
windows. Many other operations are available by sending messages to windows.</p>
<pre>structure Window :
sig
type HWND and HINSTANCE and HMENU
type POINT = { x: int, y: int }
type RECT = { left: int, top: int, right: int, bottom: int }
structure Style:
sig
include BIT_FLAGS
val WS_OVERLAPPED: flags and WS_POPUP: flags and WS_CHILD: flags and WS_MINIMIZE: flags
and WS_VISIBLE: flags and WS_DISABLED:flags and WS_CLIPSIBLINGS:flags
and WS_CLIPCHILDREN:flags and WS_MAXIMIZE:flags and WS_CAPTION:flags
and WS_BORDER:flags and WS_DLGFRAME:flags and WS_VSCROLL:flags and WS_HSCROLL:flags
and WS_SYSMENU:flags and WS_THICKFRAME:flags and WS_GROUP:flags and WS_TABSTOP:flags
and WS_MINIMIZEBOX:flags and WS_MAXIMIZEBOX:flags and WS_TILED:flags and WS_ICONIC:flags
and WS_SIZEBOX:flags and WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW:flags and WS_TILEDWINDOW:flags
and WS_POPUPWINDOW:flags and WS_CHILDWINDOW:flags
end
datatype WindowPositionStyle =
SWP_ASYNCWINDOWPOS
| SWP_DEFERERASE
| SWP_FRAMECHANGED
| SWP_HIDEWINDOW
| SWP_NOACTIVATE
| SWP_NOCOPYBITS
| SWP_NOMOVE
| SWP_NOOWNERZORDER
| SWP_NOREDRAW
| SWP_NOSENDCHANGING
| SWP_NOSIZE
| SWP_NOZORDER
| SWP_SHOWWINDOW
| SWP_OTHER of int
datatype ShowWindowOptions =
SW_HIDE
| SW_MAXIMIZE
| SW_MINIMIZE
| SW_RESTORE
| SW_SHOW
| SW_SHOWDEFAULT
| SW_SHOWMAXIMIZED
| SW_SHOWMINIMIZED
| SW_SHOWMINNOACTIVE
| SW_SHOWNA
| SW_SHOWNOACTIVATE
| SW_SHOWNORMAL
val SW_NORMAL: ShowWindowOptions
val SW_MAX: ShowWindowOptions
val ShowWindow: HWND * ShowWindowOptions -> bool
datatype GetWindowFlags =
GW_CHILD
| GW_HWNDFIRST
| GW_HWNDLAST
| GW_HWNDNEXT
| GW_HWNDPREV
| GW_OWNER
datatype <a
href="#ParentType">ParentType</a> =
ChildWindow of {id: int, parent: HWND}
| PopupWindow of HMENU
| PopupWithClassMenu
val GWL_EXSTYLE : int
val GWL_HINSTANCE : int
val GWL_HWNDPARENT : int
val GWL_ID : int
val GWL_STYLE : int
val GWL_USERDATA : int
val AdjustWindowRect : RECT * Style.flags * bool -> RECT
val AdjustWindowRectEx : RECT * Style.flags * bool * int -> RECT
val ArrangeIconicWindows : HWND -> int
val BringWindowToTop : HWND -> unit
val CW_USEDEFAULT : int
val ChildWindowFromPoint : HWND * POINT -> HWND option
val CloseWindow : HWND -> unit
<a
name="CreateWindow">val CreateWindow</a> :
{x: int, y: int, init: 'a, name: string, class: 'a Class.ATOM,
style: Style.flags, width: int, height: int,
instance: HINSTANCE, relation: ParentType} -> HWND
<a
name="DestroyWindow">val DestroyWindow</a>: HWND -> unit
val FindWindow: string * string option -> HWND
val FindWindowEx: HWND option * HWND option * string * string option -> HWND
val GetClassName : HWND -> string
val GetClientRect : HWND -> RECT
val GetDesktopWindow : unit -> HWND
val GetForegroundWindow : unit -> HWND
val GetLastActivePopup : HWND -> HWND
val GetNextWindow : HWND * GetWindowFlags -> HWND
val GetParent : HWND -> HWND option
val GetTopWindow : HWND option-> HWND option
val GetWindow : HWND * GetWindowFlags -> HWND option
val GetWindowContextHelpId : HWND -> int
val GetWindowLong : HWND * int -> int
val GetWindowRect : HWND -> RECT
val <a
name="GetWindowText">GetWindowText</a> : HWND -> string
val GetWindowTextLength : HWND -> int
val IsChild : HWND * HWND -> bool
val IsIconic : HWND -> bool
val IsWindow : HWND -> bool
val IsWindowVisible : HWND -> bool
val IsZoomed : HWND -> bool
<a
name="MoveWindow">val MoveWindow</a> : {x: int, y: int, hWnd: HWND, width: int, height: int, repaint: bool} -> unit
val OpenIcon : HWND -> unit
val SetForegroundWindow : HWND -> bool
val <a
name="SetParent">SetParent</a> : HWND * HWND option -> HWND
val SetWindowContextHelpId : HWND * int -> unit
val SetWindowLong : HWND * int * int -> int
val SetWindowPos : HWND * HWND * int * int * int * int * WindowPositionStyle list -> unit
val SetWindowText : HWND * string -> unit
val SubclassWindow :
HWND *
(HWND * Message.Message * 'a -> Message.LRESULT option * 'a) * 'a -> unit
val WindowFromPoint : POINT -> HWND option
end</pre>
<p><tt>datatype <a name="ParentType">ParentType</a> = ChildWindow of {id: int, parent:
HWND} | PopupWindow of HMENU | PopupWithClassMenu</tt><br>
The ParentType datatype is used as one of the arguments to CreateWindow.
PopupWithClassMenu and PopupWindow both create top-level windows. PopupWindow
provides a menu to be used whereas PopupWithClassMenu uses the menu, if any, given when
the class was created. ChildWindow creates a child of the given parent window and
provides an id for the child. All children must have different identifiers.
The identifier is used in <a href="Message.html#WM_NOTIFY">WM_NOTIFY</a> messages to
notify the parent about changes in the child and can be used to find a child window from
the parent using <a href="Dialog.html#GetDlgItem">GetDlgItem</a>. </p>
<p> </p>
<h4>Subclassing</h4>
<p>It is possible to replace a window procedure for a window by <em>subclassing</em> the
window. This is useful where a window is required which is almost the same as, say
an Edit window, but it needs to process a few messages in a special way. A new
window procedure is installed which process the particular messages but calls the original
window procedure for any of the others.</p>
<p>(The terminology is, in my opinion confusing: subclassing a window does not create a
new class of window but changes only a single window). In C this is done using the
SetWindowLong function: in ML there is a SubclassWindow function which does this and
automatically calls the window procedure of the base class for any messages which are not
otherwise processed.</p>
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