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<h1>3. Quick Start & Tours</h1>
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<a href="#tipsdbnotstart" title="DBMS Server will not start">DBMS Server will not start</a>
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<h2>3.14. Troubleshooting Tips</h2>
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<h3>3.14.1. General Tips</h3>
<p>The following sections are some common faults and tips.
For a complete list of troubleshooting tips, please visit
sources that are listed in
the <a href="support.html">Product Support</a> section of
the <a href="appendixa.html">Appendix</a>.</p>
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<a name="tipsdbnotstart" />
<h3>3.14.2. DBMS Server will not start</h3>
<p>If the Virtuoso DBMS server won't start, there could be 3 reasons.</p>
<ul>
<li>It is already running</li>
<li>It died earlier</li>
<li>It terminated normally earlier, but the virtuoso.lck file was
not deleted</li>
</ul>
<p>When the DBMS server starts up, it creates a file in the bin
directory named "virtuoso.lck". If this file is present, a new
instance cannot run. If you are certain that the DBMS isn't running,
then you can delete the virtuoso.lck file and then start it from the
Services icon in the Control Panel, or by using the command
"<strong>virtuoso +service start</strong>" in the
virtuoso directory. You can check if virtuoso is running from the Task
Manager, and you can shut it down using the command
"<strong>virtuoso +service stop</strong>".</p>
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<td>Figure: 3.14.2.1. Command Prompt</td>
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<a name="tipscasemode" />
<h3>3.14.3. Case Mode</h3>
<p>Whenever a database object is referenced, all names (schema, owner,
table and column) should preferably be placed in double-quotes, exactly as it appears in
the catalog. This way, the object name in the Virtuoso catalog will be correctly
referenced. If names are not quoted, then the case of the object name will be
determined by the value of the CaseMode property in the virtuoso.ini file:</p>
<ul>
<li>The default files supplied with Virtuoso specify a CaseMode of 2, which is a case insensitive mode that preserves the declaration case of identifiers. If there is no supplied ini file, the default value of CaseMode is 1.</li>
<li>A CaseMode of 1 specifies the upper case mode, which is most commonly used in SQL databases, e.g. Oracle. In the upper case mode, all unquoted identifiers are converted to upper case by the SQL parser. If identifiers are not quoted, the case in which they are entered is irrelevant.</li>
<li>The identifier quote character is the double quote ("). Quoted identifiers are processed in the case they are written in and are thus case sensitive.</li>
<li>SQL reserved words are case insensitive in all case modes.</li>
<li>If CaseMode is 0 or absent, identifiers will be treated as case sensitive in all situations, whether quoted or not.</li>
<li>If an identifier's name is equal to a SQL reserved word, e.g. TABLE, it must be quoted ("TABLE") in order to be used as an identifier.</li>
<li>If an identifier contains non-alphanumeric characters, e.g. space, '-' etc. it must be quoted regardless of CaseMode.</li>
<li>Although CaseMode can be changed at any time it should only be set at database creation. Changing the CaseMode may result in view or procedure code becoming invalid if it relies on specific case conventions.</li>
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<td>Figure: 3.14.3.1. Virtuoso.ini file in notepad</td>
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