saphire shell
1.0.1 redirect
> file name write STDOUT to a file
%2> file name write STDERR to a file
>> file name append STDOUT to a file
%2>> file name append STDERR to a file
< file name using file as STDIN
%> change stdout and stderr to stdout
1.0.2 statment
; normal statment separator
\n normal statment separator
&& If a statment return code is 0, saphire evals next statment.
|| If a statment return code is not 0, saphire evals next statment.
& run with bachground
1.0.3 background
You can't use saphire inner commands and user commands as background.
> def fun { sleep 10 }
> fun &
the above can't run fun as background
> def fun { sleep 10 & }
> fun
the above can run sleep as background
run "jobs" to see background jobs and suspended jobs which is caught Cntrol-Z.
fg [job number]
above can make the job forground
bg [job number]
above can send SIGCONT signal to the job.
1.1 quote
Saphire has single quote and double quote, normal quote.
> puts first string; puts second string
first string
second string
> puts first string \; puts second string
first string ; puts second string
If you want to send \ to programs, use \\
> puts This is \\
This is \\
> puts 'first string; puts second string'
first string; puts second string
> puts "first string; puts second string"
first string; puts second string
different between single quote and double quote
> print red | global futatuna
> puts "share $(global futatuna) aznable"
shar red aznable
> print red | global futatuna
> puts 'share $(global futatuna) aznable'
share $(global futatuna) aznable
One quote disipates the nature in other quote
> puts "\aaa"
\aaa
> puts '\aaa'
\aaa
> puts "'"
'
> puts '"'
"
> puts \"
"
> puts \'
'
1.2 special string
saphire can include line fields and tab.
\n linefield
\r carrige return
\t tab
\a bel
> print Nice to meet you\nHello
Nice to meet you
Hello
> print Nice to meet you\\nHello
Nice to meet you\nHello\n
1.2.5 null string
''
""
> puts "aaaa.c" | sub '\.' ''
aaaac
1.3.1 variable
saphire has local variables, global variables, environment variables.
Whenver function is called, local variables stacked a stack frame.
The substitution method of local vars is
print 1 | var a
The reference method is
$(var a)
$(var a) is quoted with characters used by saphire.
$$(var a) is not quoted.
>print "a;b" | var a; puts $(var a)
a;b
; is quoted.
>print "a;b" | var a; puts $$(var a)
command not found
; is not quoted.
> print 1 | var a; puts $(var a)
1
> print b | var b; puts a$(var b)c
abc
> print 1 | var a; print a | var i; puts $(var $(var i))
1
> print 1 | var a; def fun { print 2 | var a; puts $(var a); }; fun; puts $(var a)
2
1
> print 1 | var a; puts $(var a)
1
> ls / | var a b c; var a b c | join
bin boot cdrom
local variable is initialized at each commandline.
> print 1 | var a
> var a | pomch
> print 1 | var a ; var a | pomch
1
You should use a global variable
> print 1 | global a
> global a | pomch
1
global variables can be common used in all area.
> print 1 | global a; def fun { global a|pomch }; def fun2 { global a| pomch }; fun; fun2
1
1
> puts aaa | global a; global a | pomch
aaa
environment variables are same bash or other shells.
>print 1 | export a; export a | pomch
1
> ls / | export a; export a | pomch
bin
You can use alphabets and _ with variable name.
You can use rows with variable to get parts of variable.
>print abc | var a; puts $(var a | rows 0)
a
>print abc | var a; puts $(var a | rows 0..1)
ab
>print abc | var a; puts $(var a | rows 0..-2)
ab
>print abc | var a; puts $(var a | rows 0 0 0 1)
aaab
>print abcdefg | var a; puts $(var a | rows 0..1 3..4 0)
abdea
There are array in saphire variable. Array can be used as local variable with -l.
Refferenced array puts all the elements on cmdline.
> print a\nb\nc | ary A
> ary A 0
a
> ary A | lines 1..2
b
c
> ary A | lines 1 2
b
c
> ary A | lines 0 2 2 0..-1
a
c
c
a
b
c
>ary A | lines 2..1
c
b
> ary A
a
b
c
> ary A | join ,
a,b,c
> ary -s A
3
> ary A | lines 1..2 | join
b c
> cat main.c | ary A
> ary A | lines 0..1
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
There are hashs in saphire variable. Hashs can be used as local variables with -l option.
You can use utf8 character key of hash.
>print key\nabc\nã\ndef | hash a
>hash a key
abc
>hash a ã
def
>hash a
key
abc
ã
def
>hash a | join ,
key,abc,ã,def
>hash a | lines \*2
abc # getting items
def
>hash a | lines \*2+1
a # getting keys
ã
There is fast refferce of variables.
It's @.
@ expands variables as one word, but faster than $ because @ is not expanded on the parser, but expanded on the virtual machine.
>print abc | var a; puts aaa@(var a)
aaa
abc
same as
>print abc | var a; puts aaa abc
the diference
>print abc | var a; puts aaa$(var a)
aaaabc
If you treat big files, you should use @.
> cat big_file.txt | each{ | split | ary a; puts @(ary a 0) @(ary a 1) }
it's faster than
> cat big_file.txt | each{ | split | ary a; puts $(ary a 0) $(ary a 1) }
and the other situation is
> cat big_file.txt | ary a; puts $(ary a)
is stoped because "puts $(ary a)" makes big command line, and saphire will parse it while a long time.
> cat big_file.txt | ary a; puts @(ary a)
is not stopped because @(ary a) are expanded in not saphire parser, but saphire virtual machine.
There is @@, which is a friend of @.
If you use @@ with array, each array elements are expanded each one argument.
> ls | ary a; cp @(ary a) /tmp
happens err because all element are expanded one argument.
> ls | ary a; cp @@(ary a) /tmp
is no error because each of array elements are expanded each one arguments.
There are friends of @@(), That are @@a(), @@m(), @@u(), @@w().
The used sparator of array is \a, \r, \n, \r\n.
For example
> ls | ary a
> cp @@a(ary -La a) /tmp
is ok.
1.3.5 return code
a command runs, then global variable RCODE is setted. the number is the return code.
>true; puts $(global RCODE)
0
>false; puts $(global RCODE)
1
! statment
! reverses return code
> ! puts aaa\nbbb | match -q a; puts $(global RCODE)
1
1.4 command expansion
$(statment)
$$(statment)
>$(print "puts aaa")
command not found
>$$(print "puts aaa")
aaa
the above pastes "puts\ aaa" to the command line, so error eccurs
the bellow pastes "puts aaa" to the command line, so no error
There is @(statment).
@(statment) is fastter then $(statment)
>puts @(print a: print b)
ab
but, this way expands the result as one word.
>puts @(print a)@(print b)
a b
saphire expands $(statment) on parser.
saphire expands @(statment) on Virtual Machine.
> puts $(cat big_file.txt)
is stopped because saphire expands $(statment) on parser, and very big command line is made on parser.
> puts @(cat big_file.txt)
is not stoppend because saphire expands @(statment) on vm.
there is another way, it is @@(statment)
> cp @(ls) /tmp
is error berause saphire expands @(ls) as one word.
> cp @@(ls) /tmp
is no error because saphire epxands @@(ls) as each word.
1.6 glob
same bash
but saphire doesn't expand .* to . and ..
1.7 global pipe
> ls | match -g . | join , |>
> lv main.c
> sleep 10
> |> less # less get the result of "ls | match -g . | join"
> echo aaa |>
> |> print
aaa
> |> print
aaa
there are number global pipes.
> echo aaa |1>
> echo bbb |2>
> |1> print
aaa
> |2> print
bb
append str to global pipe
> echo aaa |>
> echo bbb |>>
> |> print
aaa
bbb
1.7.1 context pipe
| reads depeding on the context.
> puts aaa\nbbb\nccc | (| print; | print; | sub -g . X)
aaa
bbb
ccc
aaa
bbb
ccc
XXX
XXX
XXX
> ls | if( | [ -re A.+ ] ) { | print }
AUTHOR
1.7.3 block
block is paresed, and a commands gets paresed block.
If you want to run the blocks in user function, you use yeild command.
> eval { pwd }
/home/ab25
> def fun { yeild 0; yeild 1; yield 1; }
> fun { puts a } { puts b }
a
b
b
a block can get arguments.
> def fun { yeild 0 data1 data2 }
> fun { :a b: puts $(var a) $(var b) }
data1
data2
1.7.4 linefield
Saphire has four linefield.
-Lu \n UNIX line field
-Lw \r\n Windows line field
-Lm \r Macintosh line field
-La \a saphire original linefield(bel)
saphire assumes a linefield as array an end.
> split "aaa bbb ccc" | join ,
aaa,bbb,ccc
# split makes a array(aaa\nbbb\nccc) from "aaa bbb ccc" string, and join changes array an end to , .
If you want to use a linefield in array elements, you use -La option and \a linefield.
> split -La "aaa\nbbb\n ccc\nddd\n eee\nfff" " " | global -La a b c
> global b
ccc
ddd
split -La treats array an end as \a(bel) and makes string to array(aaa\nbbb\n\accc\nddd\n\aeee\nfff"). global -La a b c gets the data from a pipe and binds global variant a b c.
There are many inner commands which treat linefield option(-Lw -Lu -Lm -La).
var, global, export, ary, ary_add,hash,hash_add, split, add, del, join, select, lines, scan, match, read, selector, ssort, printf, each, p
1.7.5 subshell
> (print aaa; print bbb) | more
aaabbb
> if( ((true || flase) && true) || false ) { puts yes }
yes
1.8 Control statment
if statment
if (condition) {statments} elif (condition) {statments} .... else {statments}
> print 1 | var a; if ([ $(var a) = 1 ]) { puts yes } else { puts no } | uc
YES
> print 1 | var a; vim a.sh
if ([ $(var a) = 1 ]) {
puts yes
} else {
puts no
}
> load a.sh | uc
YES
you can use linefield in blocks
while statment
while (condition) {statment}
> print 0 | var i; while([ $(var i) -lt 3 ]) { puts $(var i); ++ i }
0
1
2
> vim a.sh
print 0 | var max
cat main.c | each {
| length | var len
if([ $(var max) -lt $(var len) ]) {
var len | var max
}
}
puts max length of main.c is $(var max)
> load a.sh
max length of main.c is 78
you can press CTRL-C or break stament to interrupt while loop
def statment
def name block
> def fun { puts $(ary -s ARGV); puts $(ary ARGV 0) $(ARGV 1); puts $(ary ARGV | join \n) }; fun a b c
3
a b
a
b
c
>vim a.sh
def fun {
print 2 | var a
print 3 | global b
puts $(var a) $(global b)
}
> load a.sh; print 1 | var a; print 2 | global b; (puts $(var a) $(global b); fun; puts $(var a) $(global b)) | less
1 2
2 3
1 3
ARGV is argument array.
there is special statment
> def fun -a _ARGV { puts $(ary -s _ARGV); puts $(ary _ARGV | join , ) }; fun a b c
3
a,b,c
the above function 'fun' doesn't make a stack frame. you can access outside of local variables in 'fun'.
> vim saphire.sh
def each -a _ARGV {
print 1 | var NR
| while(| read |>) {
yeild 0
++ NR
}
}
so, you can define function like the above, it's user defined loop.
> print 1 | var a; ls -al | each { |> var line; puts "$(var a):$(var line)"; ++ a }; puts $(var a)
you can use return inner command to exit function.
1.9 brace expression
saphire does'nt have.
2.0 process substitution
<(statments)
> cat <(echo aaa) <(echo bbb)
aaa
bbb
> diff <(ls ./etc) <(ls /etc)
>(statments)
> ls | tee >(grep main | less) | less
the above runs ls and less, then runs ls | grep main | less
you can use an application which manipulate terminal in >() or <()
2.0.1 exception
try { statments } catch { exception statments }
If occured error or a return code is not 0 in try statments, run exception statments
> try { false; puts aaa } catch { puts bbb }
bbb
If the return code between pipes is not 0, do not run exception statments.
> try { false | cat; puts aaa } catch { puts bbb }
aaa
2.0.2 here document
treat a multi line text as a one file.
> vim a.sa
cat <<EOL
aaa
bbb
ccc
EOL
> load a.sa
aaa
bbb
ccc
Pay attention a one rule which is that saphire searchs the end of here document at head of line. Not all line but head of line. See next example.
> vim a.sa
cat <<EOL
aaa
bbb
ccc
EOL | cat -n
> load a.sa
1 aaa
2 bbb
3 ccc
Saphire stopped here document at EOL and read next source after EOL. Therefore you can continue to write a command line after here document.
If you donot want to expand command in here document, you can use ' at head and end of terminated character.
> vim a.sa
print 000 | global a
cat <<'EOL'
$(global a)
aaa
bbb
ccc
EOL
> load a.sa
$(global a)
aaa
bbb
ccc
> vim a.sa
print 000 | global a
cat <<EOL
$(global a)
aaa
bbb
ccc
EOL
> load a.sa
000
aaa
bbb
ccc
2.0.3 Object Oriented
use "class" inner command to add class to saphire.
> vim Student.sa
class Student {
| global name age
def show {
global name age | printf "name %s\nage %d\n"
}
def show2 {
self->show
}
}
To define object, use
[class name] [object name] [arg1] [arg2]...
> load Student
> split "nobita 12" | Student nobita
To call method, use
[object name]->[method name]
> nobita->show
name nobita
age 12
Class is like a function call. "global", "hash" and "ary" add to object attribute. Not saphire global var. Def add method to object attribute. Not saphire user function.
If you want to access saphire global vars in class running block, you can use -g option to do so.
If you want to call a self object in class block, you should use
self->[method name]
Class can be nested.
class Parent {
class Klass {
def yes {
puts yes
}
}
class Child {
Klass klass
klass->yes
}
Child child
}
> Parent parent
yes
To create objects, you can use
object [object name1] [arg1] [arg2] .... { block }
Block can be shortened.
If the block exists, run block with the object like a class block.
> object a { def yes { puts yes } }; a->yes
yes
You can use
[object name]->class { block } [arg1] [arg2]...
[object name]->class [class name] [arg1] [arg2] ...
to run a class block after object initialization.
> object a; a->class { def yes { puts yes } }; a->yes
yes
You can't use a class which is owned by the object outside the class block.
> object a { class Klass { def yes { puts yes } } }
> a->class { Klass klass; klass->yes }
yes
> Klass klass
err
Child object can access the parent object attributes.
> class A { print 1 | global a; object a { global a | pomch }; }
> A a
1
If you override a class or function or method, you can use "inherit" inner command to call the parent class or function or method.
> vim a.sa
class A {
def fun1 {
puts fun1
}
}
class A {
inherit;
def fun1 {
inherit
puts after
}
def fun2 {
puts fun2
}
}
> A a; a->fun1; a->fun2
fun1
after
fun2
If you want to inerit class b from class a
> vim a.sa
class a {
def fun {
puts fun
}
}
class b {
self->class a
def fun2 {
puts fun2
}
}
If you want to use a object as local variable, you should use -l option when define object or call class.
> object -l a; a->class { def yes { puts yes } }; a->yes
> class A { puts A }; A -l a
The order of object reference when method calling is
local variable -> object attributes -> global variables
When global variable object a and local variable object a exist
a->class
indicates local variable object method calling
class and def can be with -override option to override definition. In this case, you can't call inherit command.
> class A { puts A }
> class A { inherit ; puts B }
> A a
A
B
> class -override A { inerit; puts C }
> A a
error
2.0.3.2 inherit
You can use inherit in the same name of inner function
> def cd { inherit @@(ary ARGV); ls }
> cd /
Applications Developer Library Network System Users Volumes bin cores dev etc home lib mach_kernel net opt private sbin tmp usr var
> pwd
/
and
> def exit { msleep 3; inherit @@(ary ARGV) }
> exit
.oO.oO.oO.oO
exited
You can override inner function.
2.0.4 Refference
> ls | ary a
> ary -mem a |ref x
> ary $x
output of ls
> pwd |ary_add $x
> ary $x
output of ls and pwd
Above is usage. you can access the refference memory if you use '$' name.
> ary -mem a | ref
Array
You can see object kind if you use ref only.
You can use refference as local variable or object attribute, if you use -l option or in the class blocks.
You can use function or class refference.
> def fun { puts fun }
> def -mem fun | ref x
> $x
fun
> class Klass { puts Klass }
> class -mem Klass | ref x
> $x a
Klass
You can use object refference.
> object a { def yes { puts yes } }
> object -mem a | ref x
> $x->yes
yes
the order of name access is
local variable -> object attribute -> global
array, hash, global, object, class, function are created with -new option and binded with refference.
> ls | ary -new | ref x
> ary $x
output of ls
> object -new { def yes { puts yes } } | ref y
> $y->yes
yes
2.0.5 interactive shell
saphire uses readline like bash. you can use the same way, but I don't understand readline perfectly, so very negligent imprementation.
You can hit ctrol-x to run "macro" user command. Then, output of the command pasted on the interactive shell. "macro" user command is defined on saphire.sa source file. "macro" user command gets interactive shell command line text which is typed by user as a context pipe.
2.0.6 option
-c "command" run command
-rs run the run time script as source file
-ro run the run time script as compiled file
-rn no run the run time script
-ts terminal kanji code is sjis
-tw terminal kanji code is utf8
-te terminal kanji code is eucjp
-s saphire kanji code is sjis
-w saphire kanji code is utf8
-e saphire kanji code is eucjp
-Lu saphire line field is LF
-Lm saphire line field is CR
-Lw saphire line field is CRLF
--version show version
you can use saphire on bash shell
for example
$ ls | saphire -c '| each { | scan . | each { | add -n 0 X } | join "" | pomch }' | less
2.0.7 excution of script file
saphire FILE
saphiresh FILE
saphire is fastter than saphiresh
saphire sets FILE to global variable "$(global SCRIPT_FILE_NAME)"
saphire sets parametors to ARGV array.
you must write script file with utf8
you must write script file with LF line field
2.0.8 user castamized completion
I defined some castamized completions on completion.sa. You can define your own castamized completions in ~/.saphire/completion.sa
A castamized completion command is bellow
completion command1 command2 ... { block }
There is inputed commandline in context pipe. Output of block is completion candidates. You may understand how to define your own completions to see completion.sa
2.0.9 Gabage Collection
If you make object by -new option, the object is targeted from a Saphire Gabage Collection. You can use sweep -gc to collect.
> ls | ary -new | ref a
> ary $a
main.c
....
> sweep a
ary -new is a gabage.
> sweep -gc
1 object deleted
2.1 inner commands
msleep
same as sleep
true
set return code as 0
false
set return code as 1
[
-I read pipe
Condition judgment.
saphire can use -re to regex condition.
If matching, you use below local variables.
PREMATCH the parts of before matching.
MATCH the patrts of matching
POSTMATCH the parts of after matching.
number the parts of group maching.
>[ abcdefg -re c ]; var PREMATCH MATCH POSTMATCH| join ,
ab,c,defg
>[ abcdefg -re '(.+)(c)(.+)' ]; var 1 2 3 | join ,
ab,c,defg
bellow is friends of -re
-rei ignore case
-rem multiline
-reim, -remi iignore case and multiline
saphire can use compare with strings
-slt
-sle
-sgt
-sge
-silt ignore case
-sile
-sigt
-sige
=i
saphire can use compare with string from pipe
>print aaa | [ = aaa ]; global RCODE
0
>print aaa | [ ! = aaa ]; global RCODE
1
>print aaa | if([ -I = aaa ]) { puts yes } else { no }
yes
>print aaa | if(| [ = aaa ]) { puts yes } else { no }
yes
this is not special grammer, but a inner commands.
[aaa=aaa] ->[aaa=aaa] is not command
[ aaa=aaa ] -> second argument is aaa=aaa, so error
[ aaa = aaa] -> the third argument is aa], so error
[ aaa = aaa ] -> ok
index [target] [string]
index -I [string]
| index [string]
rindex [target] [string]
rindex -I [string]
| rindex [string]
output index number which is searched.
rindex searchs from tail to head.
-q quiet
-nl no add line field to output
-I get string from pipe
-c number searching count
-n number set start point
-b count with byte unit
-t count with terminal width unit
-i ignore case
length string
length -I
| length
get length of string
-I use pipe
-nl no add lienfield to output
-s assume encode as SJIS
-e assume encode as eucjp
-w assume encode as UTF8
-t ouput terminal width
-b byte unit
-L count linefield number
uc
uc -I
| uc
change case to upper
-I use pipe
-l add linefield to output
-s assume input as sjis ecode
-e assume input as eucjp
-w assume input as utf8
lc
lc -I
| lc
change case to lower
-I use pipe
-l add linefield to output
-s assume input as sjis ecode
-e assume input as eucjp
-w assume input as utf8
chomp
chomp -I
| chomp
delete linefield of tail. (ok for LF or CRLF or CR)
pomch
| pomch
add linefield to tail using linefield setting.
if linefield setting is LF, add LF, if linefield setting is CRLF , add CRLF, and so on.
-Lw add CRLF to the tail
-Lm add CR to the tail
-Lu add LF to the tail
substr target index [count]
substr -I index [count]
| substr index [count]
-c chomp string before processes
-l add linefield to tail
-s assume encode as SJIS
-e assume encode as eucjp
-w assume encode as UTF8
-b byte unit
eval block
| eval
run block
"| eval" reads from pipe, and eval it.
fg job number
forground job
bg job number
send SIGCONT to job
jobs
show list job
rehash
refresh completion list. use after installing programs.
kanjicode [-s|-e|-w]
-s assume kanji code as SJIS
-e assume kanji code as EUCJP
-w assume kanji code as UTF8
-q quiet
saphire uses this setting to count index of variable, inner commands with manipulating string.
linefield [-Lw|-Lm|-Lu]
-Lw assume linefields as CRLF
-Lm assume linefields as CR
-Lu assume linefileds as LF
-q quiet
saphire uses this setting to inner commands, which is join or read, and so on.
var -I name name ...
| var name name ...
definitio of localvariable, which is initialized from pipe.
> print aaa\nbbb | var a b; var a b | join ,
aaa,bbb
var name name
output of local variables. If a local variable is not defined, outoput null string or with -n defined as 0 and output.
-nc no chomp
-f "field characters" set fields
-nc no chomp
-I read from pipe
-p enable output
-l append a line field to tail of output
-n If a local variable is not defined, output and defined as 0
-Lu treat linefield as LF
-Lm treat linefield as CR
-Lw treat linefield as CRLF
-La treat linefield as \a
-shift output pipe which is the rest of parts
global -I name name
| global name name...
definition of global variable with initializing from pipe
global name name
output of global variables. If a global variable is not defined, outoput null string or with -n is defined as 0 and output.
-nc no chomp
-a initialize not one line of pipe but all pipe
-l append a line field to tail of output
-f "fields" set fields
-nc no chomp
-I read from pipe
-p enable output
-n If a global variable is not defined, output and defined as 0
-Lu treat linefield as LF
-Lm treat linefield as CR
-Lw treat linefield as CRLF
-La treat linefield as \a
-shift output pipe which is the rest of parts
> ls | global -shift a b | ary a
export -I name name name
| export name name ...
definition of environment variable
export name name
output of export variables. If a variable is not defined, outoput null string or with -n defined as 0 and output.
-nc no chomp
-a read all pipe, not one line
-f "fields" change fields
-nc no chomp
-I read from pipe
-l append a line field to tail of output
-p enable output
-l add linefiled to tail of output
-n If a variable is not defined, output and defined as 0
-Lu treat linefield as LF
-Lm treat linefield as CR
-Lw treat linefield as CRLF
-La treat linefield as \a
print STRING
print -I
| print
-l add linefield to tail
-I read from pipe
-f set field
puts STRING
puts -I
| puts
-I read from pipe
-f set field
compile source file
compile source file and write objectfile.
load [source file or object file]
run script file
-sao use object file
exit
exit saphire
-f though there are jobs, force to exit saphire
split -I [regex]
split string [regex]
| split [regex]
split strings
if there is not regex, bring \s+ to the command
-I read from pipe
-m multiline
-i ignore case
-s assume encode as SJIS
-e assume encode as eucjp
-w assume encode as UTF8
-Lu treat linefield as LF
-Lm treat linefield as CR
-Lw treat linefield as CRLF
-La treat linefield as \a
>split "aaa bbb ccc"
aaa
bbb
ccc
>split "aaa,bbb,ccc" ,
aaa
bbb
ccc
>print aaa bbb ccc | split
aaa
bbb
ccc
>print aaa,bbb,ccc | split ,
aaa
bbb
ccc
>ls | chomp | split -m -f "," | pomch
main.c,test.c,Makefile,configure.in
add [string] [string] ..
add { block } {block} { block}
add string to pipe
-n [index] add string to point of the index
-L [line number] add string to the head of the line
-s assume encode as SJIS
-e assume encode as eucjp
-w assume encodde as UTF8
-b count byte unit index of -n
-Lu treat linefield as LF
-Lm treat linefield as CR
-Lw treat linefield as CRLF
-La treat linefield as \a
> print aaa | add ccc\n
aaaccc
> print abc | add -n -2 { print d }
abcd
> print aaa | add -n 1ccc\n
acccaa
> puts andy\nefemera\ntatta | add -L 1 @(puts ard)
andy
ard
efemeta
tatta
> puts andy\nefemera\ntatta | add -L 1 {puts ard}
andy
ard
efemeta
tatta
del
del [number]
del -n [index] [number]
delete string of pipe
-n delete from the point of index
-s assume encode as SJIS
-e assume encode as eucjp
-w assume encode as UTF8
-b count as byte unit of index with -n
-L [line number] delete the line
-Lu treat linefield as LF
-Lm treat linefield as CR
-Lw treat linefield as CRLF
-La treat linefield as \a
>print abcdE | del
abcd
>print abcd | del -n 1
acd
>print aaa\nbbb\nccc\nddd\neee | del -L 2 2
aaa
bbb
eee
join -I [field]
join string [field]
| join [field]
>ls saphire* | join , | del | add \n
saphire,saphire.c,saphire.c.bak,saphire.h,saphire.sao,saphire.ksh,saphire.o
-q quote strings without fields. The strings are quoted by saphire style.
-Q quote strings without fileds. The strings are quoted by bash style.
-Lu treat linefield as LF
-Lm treat linefield as CR
-Lw treat linefield as CRLF
-La treat linefield as \a
>print "aaa aaa\nbbb bbb" | join -q
aaa\ aaa bbb\ bbb
> touch $$(print "aaa aaa\nbbb bbb" | join -q)
"aaa aaa" and "bbb bbb" files are made
x string count
| x count
output string as many as count pieces
> print a | x 5 | pomch
aaaaa
select [ block ]
-Lu treat linefield as LF
-Lm treat linefield as CR
-Lw treat linefield as CRLF
-La treat linefield as \a
select lines. If return code of block is true, output the line.
>print aaa\nbbb\nccc | select { | [ -re ^a ] }
aaa
| lines [line number] [ [-b|-B] block]...
-r reverse
-Lu treat linefield as LF
-Lm treat linefield as CR
-Lw treat linefield as CRLF
-La treat linefield as \a
you can use line number as
number
or
number..number
\*number1+number2 y = number1*x + number2 [x=1,2,3...]
(lines \*2+1 --> odd number line)
(lines \*2 --> even number line)
x[number1]+number2 = you can get number1 count lines with block
literal which first character is not x. = run next block.
If last character of line number is b, run block with each lines as context pipe
>print aaa\nbbb\nccc | lines BEGIN { puts first } 0 0..1 END { puts last }
first
aaa
aaa
bbb
last
>puts aaa\nbbb\nccc | lines -r
ccc
bbb
aaa
>print aaa\nbbb\nccc | lines 0 1..0
aaa
bbb
aaa
>print aaa\nbbb\nccc\nddd | lines 0 { | uc } 1 { | sub -g . D } 2..-1
AAA
DDD
ccc
ddd
>ls | lines 0 { | var a } 1..-1b { | var -a b }
a is first line.
b is last line.
>ls | lines 0 { | var a } 1..-1 { | var -a b }
a is first line.
b is since the second line
> times 15 { :i: ++ i; puts i } | lines x5 { | join , }
1,2,3,4,5
6,7,8,9,10
11,12,13,14,15
| rows [number] [ [-b|-B]block]
-s assume encode as SJIS
-e assume encode as eucjp
-w assume encode as UTF8
-r reverse
number
number..number2
\*number1+number2 y = number1*x + number2 [x=1,2,3...]
(rows \*2+1 --> odd number character)
(rows \*2 --> even number character)
x[number1]+number2 = you can get number1 count character with block
literal which first character is not x = run next block.
If last character of number is b, run block with each characters as context pipe
> print abcdefg | rows BEGIN { puts first } 0 3 { | puts } END { puts last }
first
ad
last
> print abcdefg | rows 0 { | uc } 1..-1 | puts }
Abcdefg
> print abcdefg | rows 0 { | uc } 1..-1 { | puts }
Ab
c
d
e
f
g
> print abcdefg | rows -r |pomch
gfedcba
ary name name2 name3 ..
referce
ary -I
| ary name
-s output size of the array
-nc no chomp
-I read from pipe
-p enable output
-l add linefield to tail
-Lu treat linefield as LF
-Lm treat linefield as CR
-Lw treat linefield as CRLF
-La treat linefield as \a
-l used as local variable
ary_add -I name
| ary_add name
| ary_add -n index name
-a read all pipe
-n number insert at index of number
-nc no chomp
-p enable output
-l add linefield to tail
-Lu treat linefield as LF
-Lm treat linefield as CR
-Lw treat linefield as CRLF
-La treat linefield as \a
-l used as local variable
ary_erase name index
-l used as local variable
erase element of array
match
regex comparing operator
match -I [regex] -> read from pipe
commands | match [regex] -> read from output of command
match [string] [regex]
command | match -L [regex] -> like grep
command | match -g [æ£è¦è¡¨ç¾] -> comapre all output
-q quiet
-nl no add linefield ot tail
-n add list number to output
-I read from pipe
-f [string] use string to field of grouping match. default is tab.
-g global.
-L same as grep
-i ignore case
-m multiline
-s assume encode as SJIS
-e assume encode as eucjp
-w assume encode as UTF8
-Lu treat linefield as LF
-Lm treat linefield as CR
-Lw treat linefield as CRLF
-La treat linefield as \a
local variables
PREMATCH the parts of before matching point
MATCH the parts of maching point
POSTMATCH the parts of after matching point
MATCH_COUNT matching count
number group maching
>ls | match -L -n minato_curses
11:minato_curses.c
12:minato_curses.o
13:minato_curses.h
(line oriented)
>ls | match .
A
(one time)
>ls | match -g .
A
U
T
H
O
R
S
>print 'file:123' | match '(.+?):(\d+)'
file 123
>print 'file:123' | match -f \n '(.+?):(\d+)'
file
123
>print abcdef | match '..(.).(.).'; var 1 2| join ,
c e
c,e
>puts mikan | match -f , '(m)i(kan)'
m,kan
>puts "file:123" | match '(.+?):(\d+)'
file 123
> ls | each{ | match -q -i m && | print }
Makefile
Makefile.in
README.ja.txt
autom4te.cache
gmon.out.hayai
gmon.out.osoi
saphire_commands.c
saphire_commands.o
saphire_main.c
saphire_main.o
saphire_vm.c
saphire_vm.o
main.c
scan [string] [regex]
| scan [regex]
same as match -g
>ls | scan .
A
U
T
H
O
R
S
scan regex { block }
-Lu treat linefield as LF
-Lm treat linefield as CR
-Lw treat linefield as CRLF
-La treat linefield as \a
when matching, run block.
context pipe has matched string. You shouldn't use . regex for matching each character because of performance.
> print aaaa123-bbb1234 | scan '\d+' { | x 2 | pomch }
123123
12341234
> cat big_file.txt | scan . { | print }
saphire will run while some days.
erase string regex
| erase regex
erase parts of maching regex from the string.
-g global
-m multiline
-i ignore case
-s assume encode as SJIS
-e assume encode as eucjp
-w assume encode as UTF8
-Lu treat linefield as LF
-Lm treat linefield as CR
-Lw treat linefield as CRLF
-La treat linefield as \a
> erase abcdefg\n .
bcdefg
> erase abcdefg\n '.$'
abcdef
> puts abcdefg | erase '(.).(.)$'
abcdf
sub [string] [regex] [string2]
| sub [regex] [string]
Conversion of string
>ls
saphire_vm.c
saphire_vm.o
libsaphire.so
libsaphire.so.1
libsaphire.so.1.0
main.c
readline.c
readline.o
>ls | sub a A
sAphire_vm.c
saphire_vm.o
libsaphire.so
libsaphire.so.1
libsaphire.so.1.0
main.c
readline.c
readline.o
>ls | each{ | sub a A }
sAphire_vm.c
sAphire_vm.o
libsAphire.so
libsAphire.so.1
libsAphire.so.1.0
mAin.c
reAdline.c
reAdline.o
> sub -g aaa a x | pomch
xxx
> print mikan | sub '(.)i(...)' '\1\2'
mkan
-g global
-q quiet
-i ignore case
-m multiline
-c check before conversion
-s assume encode as SJIS
-e assume encode as eucjp
-w assume encode as UTF8
-Lu treat linefield as LF
-Lm treat linefield as CR
-Lw treat linefield as CRLF
-La treat linefield as \a
local variable SUB_COUNT is matching count
sub regex { block }
If matching regex, run block which has match string as context pipe. Output of the block is using change the strings.
> print abcd | sub -g . { print x } | pomch
xxxx
sub regex(group matching) { block } { block } { block } ...
If matching group matching regex, run block which hash match string as context pipe, Output of the block is using change the strings. Group matching strings are contained in local variables.
> print abcdbcgg | sub -g '(.)(.)' { var 1 2 | join , | chomp } | pomch
a,bc,db,cg,g
read
-a all
-n number number of reading line
-p preserve
-Lu treat linefield as LF
-Lm treat linefield as CR
-Lw treat linefield as CRLF
-La treat linefield as \a
read from context pipe
> puts aaa\nbbbb | read
aaa
> puts aaa\nbbb | (read | chomp | add D\n; read | chomp | add E\n)
aaaD
bbbE
> puts aaa\nbbb | read -a
aaa
bbb
> puts aaa\nbbb\nccc\neee\nfff | (read; read -n 2 | cat -n; read -a)
aaa
1 bbb
2 ccc
eee
fff
> puts aaa\nbbb\nccc | (read -p -a; read -a)
aaa
bbb
ccc
aaa
bbb
ccc
read [file name]
read from the file with one line
if read EOF, retern 1 and close the file
you can use close command to close this opened file.
-n [number] read as many as number line
-a read all
close [file name]
close -a
close a file which is opend by read command
close all files with -a
cd directory
move directory
| selector
read from pipe and output one or multi line which is selected by user
hit ENTER --> select
hit SPACE --> multiple select
hit a --> all marks reverse
-r use last time cursor point and scroll top
-c [point] set cusor point
-t [point] set scrolltop point
-m multiline. user can use space to multi select
-s assume encode as SJIS
-e assume encode as EUCJP
-w assume encode as UTF8
-Lu treat linefield as LF
-Lm treat linefield as CR
-Lw treat linefield as CRLF
-La treat linefield as \a
max number1 number2
> max 2 3
3
-nl no add linefield to ouput
min number1 number2
>min 2 3
2
-nl no add linefield to output
extname [file name]
-I read data from pipe
-nl no output linefield
> print aaa.c | extname
c
parentname [file name]
-I read data from pipe
-nl no output linefield
> print /abc/def/ghi | parentname
/abc/def/
noextname [file name]
-I read data from pipe
-nl no output linefield
> print aaa.c | noextname
aaa
raise message
send error happends
hash name
hash name key
refference
hash name
| hash_new name
-Lu treat linefield as LF
-Lm treat linefield as CR
-Lw treat linefield as CRLF
-La treat linefield as \a
-l used as local variable
-p enable output
make hash
> print key value key2 value2 key3 value3 | split | hash a
> puts $(hash a key)
value
| hash_add HASH_NAME
-Lu treat linefield as LF
-Lm treat linefield as CR
-Lw treat linefield as CRLF
-La treat linefield as \a
-l used as local variable
-p enable output
> print key value | split | hash_add a
add data to hash
hash_erase name key
-l used as local variable
erase hash element
sweep
erase all global variable, hashs, arrays, objects, pointers
In running a class, you can sweep the object attribute
-f erase all function definitions
-c erase all class definitions
-reg erase regex cashe
-gp erase global pipes
-g force to sweep global definitions
if argument exists, erase a variable of that name.
sweep A B C # erase A, B, and C variable
show
show all globaal variables, hashs, arrays
In objects, you can see the object attribute.
-v show value of global variables
-g force to see global definitions
printf format param1 param2...
| printf format
-l add linefield to tail
-Lu treat linefield as LF
-Lm treat linefield as CR
-Lw treat linefield as CRLF
-La treat linefield as \a
you can use format like C language.
> printf "%010.3f" 111.1
0000000111.100
> ls | printf "[%s], [%s], [%s]\n[%s], [%s], [%s]\n"
[AUTHORS], [saphire_commands.c], [saphire_curses.c]
[saphire_debug.c], [saphire_extra.c], [saphire_hash.c]
| ssort
| ssort [block]
-Lu treat linefield as LF
-Lm treat linefield as CR
-Lw treat linefield as CRLF
-La treat linefield as \a
ssort
if there is no block, send { [ | var a b; $(var a) -slt $(var b) ] } to sort
1st line of context pipe is left one line
2nd line of context pipe is right one line
> ls | ssort
> ls | ssort { | var a b; [ $(var a) -slt $(var b) ] }
> ls | ssort { | var a b; [ $(var a) -sgt $(var b) ] }
> ary ARGV | ssort { | var a b; [ $(var a) -slt $(var b) ] } | ary ARGV2
> ls -al | ssort { | each { | split | lines 4 } | var a b; [ $(var a) -lt $(var b) ] }
sort of 5th field
++ [local variable name]
add 1 to local variable
| ++
add 1 to pipe
-- [local varialbe name]
reduce 1 to local variable
| --
reduce 1 to pipe
| + number
add number to pipe
| - number
redurce pipe number
| \* number
multiplication
| / number
dividing calculation
| mod number
mod
| pow number
pow
range number1 number2
> range 1 5
1
2
3
4
5
pcat block block2...
> pcat { echo aaa } { puts bbb } | less
aaa
bbb
| ptee block block2...
>puts aaa | ptee { | cat } { | print } { | sub -g a b }
aaa
aaa
bbb
you can nest with ptee
> puts aaa | ptee { | cat } { | ptee { | print } { | print } } | less
aaa
aaa
aaa
return number
exit from function
yield [number]
run parnt block argument. if no argument, saphire run "yeild 0"
> def fun { yeild 0; yeild 1; yield 1; }
> fun { puts a } { puts b }
a
b
b
each { block }
-Lu treat linefield as LF
-Lm treat linefield as CR
-Lw treat linefield as CRLF
-La treat linefield as \a
evaluate block at every lines. context pipe has a line string.
>ls | each { | print }
main.c
sub.c
If the block has arguments, you can get line number of data.
> ls | each { :i: | print | add -n 0 $(var i) }
0:main.c
1:sub.c
foreach string...string block
>foreach a b c { | pomch }
a
b
c
>print a\nb\nc | ary A
>foreach $(ary A | join " ") { | pomch }
a
b
c
> print a\nb\nc | ary A
>foreach @@(ary A) { | pomch }
a
b
c
| p
-Lu treat linefield as LF
-Lm treat linefield as CR
-Lw treat linefield as CRLF
-La treat linefield as \a
Filer which is nothing to do. This is for user debug with looking at data between commands.
in p, hit SPACE or RETURN to send data to next command.
in p, hit q or Escape key, Control-c to stop running statment.
-c cursor position setting cursor position
-t scrolltop position setting scrolltop position
-s assume data as SJIS encoding
-e assume data as eucjp encoding
-w assume data as UTF8 encoding(default)
envspace env_name1=value1 env_name2=value2 ... { block }
run block with temporary environs.
> envspace LANG=c { date }
result of date with LANG=c
quote "INPUT STRING"
| quote
quote input string and output
> puts $$(print "<>" | quote)
<>
-b quote with bash special characters
self
view running function and running class info.
input of Running Function Info indicates whether get data from pipe or not.
def
define function
-a [argument] define argument
-A define argument from pipe or output argument info.
> print "puts a" | def fun
> print _ARGV | def -A fun
> def fun
puts a
> def -A fun
_ARGV
> fun
a
> def fun { puts b }
> fun
b
class
define class
> print "puts yes; puts yes" | class a
> a a
yes
yes
> class a
puts yes; puts yes
> class b { puts b }
> b b
b
fselector
output selected files.
-m allow to select multiple files.
operation of this command
SPACE
select file
TAB,W
insert selected file name to cmdline
BackSpace
move to parent directory
Return
move to directory under cursor
When saphire interactive shell , you can use blow commands
history
output command line history
add_history
add one line from pipe or one argument to command line history.
write_history
write command line history on memory to a history file.
read_history
read from a hitory file to a history on memory.
clear_history
clear history.
remove_history (index)
remove a hisotry entry of the index.
the user function defined in saphire.sa
shift { block }
run block with context pipe which has a fitst line and output the rest of parts.
times count { block }
run block count times
You can get count number as a context pipe
> times 3 { | pomch }
0
1
2
step [init num] [final num] [aditional num] [ block ]
>step 3 10 3 { | pomch }
3
6
9
shelp
view USAGE.txt
smake
run make and get result with selector. user can select the result of make to run editor the line.
sgrep
run grep and get result with selector. user can select the result of grep to run editor the line
for name in string string.... block
>for a in a b c { puts @a }
a
b
c
>print a\nb\nc | ary A
>for a in $(ary A | join " ") { puts @(var a) }
a
b
c
>print a\nb\nc | ary A
>for a in @@(ary A) { puts @(var a) }
a
b
c
case value regex1 block1 regex2 block2...
>print 1 | var a; case $(var a) 0 { puts a } 1 { puts b } 2 { puts c } 3 { puts d }
b
time { block }
Saphire estimates a running block time.
jump
move to a entried directory.(~/.saphire/jump)
menu
run a entried command.(~/.saphire/menu)
sample
distrib
>
Fedora
>
14
>
x86_64
>
media
>
updates
>
by-pkgid
>
ff948e91b498086e89e1dd0e9ebc6aa0
>
files
>
16
