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<h1 class="firstHeading">Documentation/Point based GI</h1>
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<table id="toc" class="toc" summary="Contents"><tr><td><div id="toctitle"><h2>Contents</h2></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Point_Based_Occlusion"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Point Based Occlusion</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#baking_out_area"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">baking out area</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#point_based_occlusion"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">point based occlusion</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Point_Based_color_Bleeding"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Point Based color Bleeding</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Pass_1.2C_the_bake"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Pass 1, the bake</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#rendering_point_based_color_bleeding"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">rendering point based color bleeding</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Overview"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Overview</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Baking_out"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Baking out</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Rendering"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Rendering</span></a></li>
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<a name="Point_Based_Occlusion"></a><h1><span class="editsection">[<a href="/pixiewiki_install/index.php?title=Documentation/Point_based_GI&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Point Based Occlusion">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"> Point Based Occlusion </span></h1>
<p>Point based occlusion works by first baking out the micropolygon areas of your scene. This is done with the <tt>bake3d()</tt> shadeop. This results in a point cloud with the areas in it. It is important to bake out the area in a channel called <tt>_area</tt>.
</p><p>This point cloud is read in a second pass using the <tt>occlusion()</tt> shadop, and specifying to use point based occlusion by passing <tt>"pointbased",1</tt> in the argument list to <tt>occlusion()</tt>. The filename of the point cloud is specified by passing <tt>"filename","path/to/area.ptc"</tt> in the argument list to <tt>occlusion()</tt>. The first time that Pixie sees this the occlusion shadeop in point based mode, it will process the point cloud to allow for fast point based occlusion to be computed. Quality is controlled with the <tt>"maxsolidangle"</tt> parameter which is the maximum solid anbgle in steradians that is permitted for computation of the occlusion. Smaller numbers are more accurate but slower.
</p>
<a name="baking_out_area"></a><h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="/pixiewiki_install/index.php?title=Documentation/Point_based_GI&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: baking out area">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"> baking out area </span></h2>
<p>This rib
</p>
<pre>DisplayChannel "float _area"
FrameBegin 1
Format 400 300 1
PixelSamples 4 4
ShadingInterpolation "smooth"
Display "ambient occlusion.tiff" "framebuffer" "rgba" # render image to buffer
Projection "perspective" "fov" 22
Translate 0 -0.5 8
Rotate -40 1 0 0
Rotate -20 0 1 0
WorldBegin
# these attributes are important for point based occlusion to work
Attribute "cull" "backfacing" 0
Attribute "cull" "hidden" 0
Attribute "dice" "rasterorient" 0
ShadingRate 5 # You can afford to bake out a higher shading rate
Surface "bake_areas" "filename" "areacloud.ptc"
# White ground plane
AttributeBegin
Color [1 1 1]
Polygon "P" [ -5 0 5 5 0 5 5 0 -5 -5 0 -5 ] "uniform normal N" [0 1 0]
AttributeEnd
# sphere
AttributeBegin
Color 1 1 1
Translate -0.7 0.5 0
Sphere 0.5 -0.5 0.5 360
AttributeEnd
# box
AttributeBegin
Translate 0.3 0.01 0
Rotate -30 0 1 0
Color [1 1 1]
Polygon "P" [ 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 ] "uniform normal N" [-1 0 0] # left side
Polygon "P" [ 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 ] "uniform normal N" [1 0 0] # right side
Color [1 1 1]
Polygon "P" [ 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 ] "uniform normal N" [0 0 -1] # front side
Polygon "P" [ 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 ] "uniform normal N" [0 0 1] # back side
Color [ 1 1 1]
Polygon "P" [ 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 ] "uniform normal N" [0 1 0] # top
AttributeEnd
WorldEnd
FrameEnd
</pre>
<p>With this surface shader:
</p>
<pre>surface bake_areas(string filename="")
{
normal Nn = normalize(N);
float a = area(P,"dicing");
bake3d(filename,"_area",P,Nn,"interpolate",1,"_area",a);
// Set Ci and Oi
Ci = Cs * Os * (-normalize(I).Nn);
Oi=Os;
}
</pre>
<p>Will bake out the areas.
</p>
<a name="point_based_occlusion"></a><h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="/pixiewiki_install/index.php?title=Documentation/Point_based_GI&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: point based occlusion">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"> point based occlusion </span></h2>
<p>This rib
</p>
<pre>DisplayChannel "float _area"
FrameBegin 1
Format 400 300 1
PixelSamples 4 4
ShadingInterpolation "smooth"
Display "ambient occlusion.tiff" "framebuffer" "rgba" # render image to buffer
Projection "perspective" "fov" 22
Translate 0 -0.5 8
Rotate -40 1 0 0
Rotate -20 0 1 0
WorldBegin
Surface "ptocclude" "filename" "areacloud.ptc" "maxsolidangle" 0.1 #0.05 #0.05
# White ground plane
AttributeBegin
Color [1 1 1]
Polygon "P" [ -5 0 5 5 0 5 5 0 -5 -5 0 -5 ] "uniform normal N" [0 1 0]
AttributeEnd
# sphere
AttributeBegin
Color 1 1 1
Translate -0.7 0.5 0
Attribute "dice" "binary" 1
Sphere 0.5 -0.5 0.5 360
AttributeEnd
# box
AttributeBegin
Translate 0.3 0.01 0
Rotate -30 0 1 0
Color [1 1 1]
Polygon "P" [ 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 ] "uniform normal N" [-1 0 0] # left side
Polygon "P" [ 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 ] "uniform normal N" [1 0 0] # right side
Color [1 1 1]
Polygon "P" [ 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 ] "uniform normal N" [0 0 -1] # front side
Polygon "P" [ 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 ] "uniform normal N" [0 0 1] # back side
Color [ 1 1 1]
Polygon "P" [ 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 ] "uniform normal N" [0 1 0] # top
AttributeEnd
WorldEnd
FrameEnd
</pre>
<p>Combined with this shader:
</p>
<pre>surface ptocclude(string filename="";float maxsolidangle=0.05)
{
normal Ns = faceforward (normalize(N), I);
float occ = 0;
// Compute occlusion
occ = occlusion(P, Ns, 0, "pointbased",1,"filename",filename,"maxsolidangle",maxsolidangle);
</pre>
<pre> // Set Ci and Oi
Ci = (1 - occ) * Cs * Os;
Oi=Os;
}
</pre>
<p>Will result in this image:
</p><p><a href="images/Pointbased_occlude.png" class="image" title="Image:Pointbased occlude.png"><img alt="Image:Pointbased occlude.png" longdesc="images/Pointbased_occlude.png" src="../images/Pointbased_occlude.png" width="400" height="300" /></a>
</p>
<a name="Point_Based_color_Bleeding"></a><h1><span class="editsection">[<a href="/pixiewiki_install/index.php?title=Documentation/Point_based_GI&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Point Based color Bleeding">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"> Point Based color Bleeding </span></h1>
<p>Much like point based occlusion, point based color bleeding is a two-pass technique. A point cloud is baked out using <tt>bake3d()</tt>, however, this time you must bake both <tt>_area</tt> and <tt>_radiance</tt>. The radiance value should be baked out to include the direct lighting contribution.
</p><p>In a second pass, <tt>indirectdiffuse()</tt> take <tt>"pointbased",1</tt> to enable point based color bleeding. The point cloud is specified using <tt>"filename","path/to/radiance.ptc"</tt> in the arguments to <tt>indirectdiffuse()</tt>. Again, the <tt>"maxsolidangle"</tt> parameter controls quality vs speed.
</p>
<a name="Pass_1.2C_the_bake"></a><h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="/pixiewiki_install/index.php?title=Documentation/Point_based_GI&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Pass 1, the bake">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"> Pass 1, the bake </span></h2>
<p>This rib is used to generate the point cloud
</p>
<pre>FrameBegin 1
Format 400 400 1
ShadingInterpolation "smooth"
PixelSamples 4 4
Display "cornell_a.tif" "framebuffer" "rgba"
Display "+cornell_bake.tif" "file" "rgba"
Projection "perspective" "fov" 30
Translate 0 0 5
ShadingRate 16 # No need to use low shading rate
DisplayChannel "float _area"
DisplayChannel "color _radiosity"
DisplayChannel "color Cs"
WorldBegin
Attribute "cull" "hidden" 0 # Bake out hidden faces
Attribute "cull" "backfacing" 0 # Bake out back faces
Attribute "dice" "rasterorient" 0 # view-independent dicing
LightSource "cosinelight_rts" 1 "from" [0 1.0001 0] "intensity" 4
Surface "bake_radiosity" "displaychannels" "_area,_radiosity"
"bakefile" "cornell_radio.ptc" "Kd" 0.8
# Matte box
AttributeBegin
Color [1 0 0]
Polygon "P" [ -1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 ] "uniform normal N" [1 0 0] # left wall
Color [0 0 1]
Polygon "P" [ 1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 ] "uniform normal N" [-1 0 0] # right wall
Color [1 1 1]
Polygon "P" [ -1 1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 ] "uniform normal N" [0 0 -1] # back wall
Polygon "P" [ -1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 ] "uniform normal N" [0 -1 0] # ceiling
Polygon "P" [ -1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 ] "uniform normal N" [0 1 0] # floor
AttributeEnd
Attribute "visibility" "int transmission" 1
Attribute "shade" "transmissionhitmode" "primitive" # the spheres cast shadows
# Left sphere (mirror set to black in this pass)
AttributeBegin
color [0 0 0]
Translate -0.3 -0.69 0.3
Sphere 0.3 -0.3 0.3 360
AttributeEnd
# Right sphere (matte)
AttributeBegin
Translate 0.3 -0.69 -0.3
Sphere 0.3 -0.3 0.3 360
AttributeEnd
WorldEnd
FrameEnd
</pre>
<p>This is the light shader
</p>
<pre> light
cosinelight_rts(
float intensity = 1;
color lightcolor = 1;
float falloff = 2; // default: inverse square fall-off
point from = point "shader" (0,0,0); // light position
vector dir = (0, -1, 0);
)
{
illuminate(from, dir, PI/2) {
float dist = length(L);
Cl = intensity * lightcolor * pow (dist, -falloff); // fall-off
Cl *= (L.dir) / (length(L) * length(dir)); // cosine term
Cl *= transmission(Ps, from); // ray traced shadow
}
}
</pre>
<p>Here is the baking shader. Note the use of <tt>area(P,"dicing")</tt> to save out the micropolygon areas, rather than the snooth shading areas.
</p>
<pre>surface
bake_radiosity(string bakefile = "", displaychannels = "";
float Ka = 1, Kd = 1)
{
color irrad;
normal Nn = normalize(N);
float a = area(P, "dicing"); // micropolygon area
// Compute direct illumination (ambient and diffuse)
irrad = Ka*ambient() + Kd*diffuse(Nn);
// Compute Ci and Oi
Ci = irrad * Cs * Os;
Oi = Os;
// Store area and Ci in point cloud file
bake3d(bakefile, displaychannels, P, Nn, "interpolate", 1,
"_area", a, "_radiosity", Ci);
}
</pre>
<p>The resultant image looks like:
</p><p><a href="images/Cornell_bake.png" class="image" title="Image:Cornell bake.png"><img alt="Image:Cornell bake.png" longdesc="images/Cornell_bake.png" src="../images/Cornell_bake.png" width="400" height="400" /></a>
</p><p>You can see the point cloud channels using <tt>show</tt> (use q and w to switch channels):
</p><p><a href="images/Cornell_ptc.png" class="image" title="Image:Cornell ptc.png"><img alt="Image:Cornell ptc.png" longdesc="images/Cornell_ptc.png" src="../images/Cornell_ptc.png" width="555" height="460" /></a>
</p>
<a name="rendering_point_based_color_bleeding"></a><h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="/pixiewiki_install/index.php?title=Documentation/Point_based_GI&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: rendering point based color bleeding">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"> rendering point based color bleeding </span></h2>
<p>This rib
</p>
<pre> FrameBegin 1
Format 400 400 1
ShadingInterpolation "smooth"
PixelSamples 4 4
Display "cornell_pointbased.tif" "framebuffer" "rgba"
Display "+cornell_pointbased.tif" "file" "rgba"
Projection "perspective" "fov" 30
Translate 0 0 5
WorldBegin
Attribute "visibility" "trace" 1 # make objects visible to refl. rays
Attribute "trace" "bias" 0.0001
Surface "pointbasedcolorbleeding" "filename" "cornell_radio.ptc"
"maxsolidangle" 0.05
# Matte box
AttributeBegin
Color [1 0 0]
Polygon "P" [ -1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 ] "uniform normal N" [1 0 0] # left wall
Color [0 0 1]
Polygon "P" [ 1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 ] "uniform normal N" [-1 0 0] # right wall
Color [1 1 1]
Polygon "P" [ -1 1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 ] "uniform normal N" [0 0 -1] # back wall
Polygon "P" [ -1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 ] "uniform normal N" [0 -1 0] # ceiling
Polygon "P" [ -1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 ] "uniform normal N" [0 1 0] # floor
AttributeEnd
# Left sphere (chrome)
AttributeBegin
Surface "mirror"
Translate -0.3 -0.69 0.3
Sphere 0.3 -0.3 0.3 360
AttributeEnd
# Right sphere (matte)
AttributeBegin
Translate 0.3 -0.69 -0.3
Sphere 0.3 -0.3 0.3 360
AttributeEnd
WorldEnd
FrameEnd
</pre>
<p>With this surface shader
</p><p><br />
</p>
<pre>normal shadingnormal(normal Ni) {
return faceforward(normalize(Ni),I);
}
surface
pointbasedcolorbleeding (string filename = "";
float maxdist = 1e15,
samplebase = 0,
maxsolidangle = 0.05;)
{
normal Ns = shadingnormal(N);
color irr = indirectdiffuse(P, Ns, 0, "pointbased", 1, "filename", filename,
"maxdist", maxdist,
"maxsolidangle", maxsolidangle);
Ci = Cs*irr*Os;
Oi = Os;
}
</pre>
<p>And results in this image:
</p><p><a href="images/Cornell_pointbased.png" class="image" title="Image:Cornell pointbased.png"><img alt="Image:Cornell pointbased.png" longdesc="images/Cornell_pointbased.png" src="../images/Cornell_pointbased.png" width="400" height="400" /></a>
</p>
<a name="Overview"></a><h1><span class="editsection">[<a href="/pixiewiki_install/index.php?title=Documentation/Point_based_GI&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Overview">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"> Overview </span></h1>
<p>Here's a quick summary of how to use point based occlusion / color bleeding in Pixie.
</p>
<a name="Baking_out"></a><h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="/pixiewiki_install/index.php?title=Documentation/Point_based_GI&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Baking out">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"> Baking out </span></h2>
<ul><li> Use <tt>bake3d()</tt>
</li><li> Bake out at least <tt>float _area</tt> which should be the result ot <tt>area(P,"dicing")</tt>
</li><li> Optionally bake out <tt>color _radiance</tt> which is the incoming light for use in color bleeding
</li><li> When baking out for point based GI, it's particularly important to use the 'bake attributes'
</li></ul>
<pre> Attribute "cull" "hidden" 0 # Bake out hidden surfaces
Attribute "cull" "backfacing" 0 # Bake out back faces
Attribute "dice" "rasterorient" 0 # view-independent dicing
</pre>
<a name="Rendering"></a><h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="/pixiewiki_install/index.php?title=Documentation/Point_based_GI&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Rendering">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"> Rendering </span></h2>
<ul><li> use <tt>occlusion(..."pointbased",1,"filename","thepointcloud.ptc")</tt>to get point based occlusion
</li><li> the <tt>"maxsolidangle"</tt> parameter control quality vs. speed and is the maximum solid angle of an approximate disc that is allowed to be used for approximating occlusion / color bleeding
</li><li> use <tt>indirectdiffuse(..."pointbased",1,"filename","thepointcloud.ptc")</tt> to get color bleeding - though you have to have saved <tt>_radiance</tt> in your point cloud.
</li></ul>
<p><b>EXAMPLES TO FOLLOW</b>
</p>
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