<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <title>&&</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="csound.css" type="text/css" /> <meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.75.2" /> <link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The Canonical Csound Reference Manual" /> <link rel="up" href="OpcodesTop.html" title="Orchestra Opcodes and Operators" /> <link rel="prev" href="modulus.html" title="%" /> <link rel="next" href="greaterthan.html" title=">" /> </head> <body> <div class="navheader"> <table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"> <tr> <th colspan="3" align="center">&&</th> </tr> <tr> <td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="modulus.html">Prev</a> </td> <th width="60%" align="center">Orchestra Opcodes and Operators</th> <td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="greaterthan.html">Next</a></td> </tr> </table> <hr /> </div> <div class="refentry" title="&&"> <a id="opand"></a> <div class="titlepage"></div> <a id="IndexAmpAmp" class="indexterm"></a> <div class="refnamediv"> <h2> <span class="refentrytitle">&&</span> </h2> <p>&& — Logical AND operator. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Description"> <a id="id2728025"></a> <h2>Description</h2> <p> Arithmetic operators perform operations of change-sign (negate), don't-change-sign, logical AND logical OR, add, subtract, multiply and divide. Note that a value or an expression may fall between two of these operators, either of which could take it as its left or right argument, as in </p> <div class="literallayout"> <p>a + b * c.</p> </div> <p> </p> <p> In such cases three rules apply: </p> <p> 1. * and <span class="emphasis"><em>/</em></span> bind to their neighbors more strongly than + and −. Thus the above expression is taken as </p> <div class="literallayout"> <p>a + (b * c)</p> </div> <p> with * taking b and c and then + taking a and b * c. </p> <p> 2. <span class="emphasis"><em>+</em></span> and <span class="emphasis"><em>−</em></span> bind more strongly than &&, which in turn is stronger than ||: </p> <div class="literallayout"> <p>a && b - c || d</p> </div> <p> is taken as </p> <div class="literallayout"> <p>(a && (b - c)) || d</p> </div> <p> </p> <p> 3. When both operators bind equally strongly, the operations are done left to right: </p> <div class="literallayout"> <p>a - b - c</p> </div> <p> is taken as </p> <div class="literallayout"> <p>(a - b) - c</p> </div> <p> </p> <p> Parentheses may be used as above to force particular groupings. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Syntax"> <a id="id2729014"></a> <h2>Syntax</h2> <pre class="synopsis">a <span class="command"><strong>&&</strong></span> b (logical AND; not audio-rate)</pre> <p> where the arguments <span class="emphasis"><em>a</em></span> and <span class="emphasis"><em>b</em></span> may be further expressions. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="See Also"> <a id="id2729044"></a> <h2>See Also</h2> <p> <a class="link" href="subtracts.html" title="-"><em class="citetitle">-</em></a>, <a class="link" href="adds.html" title="+"><em class="citetitle">+</em></a>, <a class="link" href="opor.html" title="||"><em class="citetitle">||</em></a>, <a class="link" href="multiplies.html" title="*"><em class="citetitle">*</em></a>, <a class="link" href="divides.html" title="/"><em class="citetitle">/</em></a>, <a class="link" href="raises.html" title="^"><em class="citetitle">^</em></a>, <a class="link" href="modulus.html" title="%"><em class="citetitle">%</em></a> </p> </div> </div> <div class="navfooter"> <hr /> <table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"> <tr> <td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="modulus.html">Prev</a> </td> <td width="20%" align="center"> <a accesskey="u" href="OpcodesTop.html">Up</a> </td> <td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="greaterthan.html">Next</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">% </td> <td width="20%" align="center"> <a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a> </td> <td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> ></td> </tr> </table> </div> </body> </html>