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<div class="refentry" title="spsend">
<a id="spsend"></a>
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<a id="IndexSpsend" class="indexterm"></a>
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<h2>
<span class="refentrytitle">spsend</span>
</h2>
<p>spsend —
Generates output signals based on a previously defined <span class="emphasis"><em>space</em></span> opcode.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Description">
<a id="id3233651"></a>
<h2>Description</h2>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>spsend</em></span> depends upon the existence of a previously defined <a class="link" href="space.html" title="space"><em class="citetitle">space</em></a>. The output signals from <span class="emphasis"><em>spsend</em></span> are derived from the values given for xy and reverb in the <span class="emphasis"><em>space</em></span> and are ready to be sent to local or global reverb units (see example below).
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Syntax">
<a id="id3233682"></a>
<h2>Syntax</h2>
<pre class="synopsis">a1, a2, a3, a4 <span class="command"><strong>spsend</strong></span></pre>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Performance">
<a id="id3233699"></a>
<h2>Performance</h2>
<p>
The configuration of the xy coordinates in space places the signal in the following way:
</p>
<div class="itemizedlist">
<ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc">
<li class="listitem">
<p>a1 is -1, 1</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>a2 is 1, 1</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>a3 is -1, -1</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>a4 is 1, -1</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p>
</p>
<p>
This assumes a loudspeaker set up as a1 is left front, a2 is right front, a3 is left back, a4 is right back. Values greater than 1 will result in sounds being attenuated, as if in the distance. <span class="emphasis"><em>space</em></span> considers the speakers to be at a distance of 1; smaller values of xy can be used, but <span class="emphasis"><em>space</em></span> will not amplify the signal in this case. It will, however balance the signal so that it can sound as if it were within the 4 speaker <span class="emphasis"><em>space</em></span>. x=0, y=1, will place the signal equally balanced between left and right front channels, x=y=0 will place the signal equally in all 4 channels, and so on. Although there must be 4 output signals from <span class="emphasis"><em>space</em></span>, it can be used in a 2 channel orchestra. If the xy's are kept so that Y>=1, it should work well to do panning and fixed localization in a stereo field.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Examples">
<a id="id3233776"></a>
<h2>Examples</h2>
<p>
</p>
<div class="informalexample">
<pre class="programlisting">
<span class="oblock">instr</span> 1
asig <span class="comment">;some audio signal</span>
ktime <span class="opc">line</span> 0, p3, p10
a1, a2, a3, a4 <span class="opc">space</span> asig,1, ktime, .1
ar1, ar2, ar3, ar4 <span class="opc">spsend</span>
ga1 <span class="op">=</span> ga1<span class="op">+</span>ar1
ga2 <span class="op">=</span> ga2<span class="op">+</span>ar2
ga3 <span class="op">=</span> ga3<span class="op">+</span>ar3
ga4 <span class="op">=</span> ga4<span class="op">+</span>ar4
<span class="op">outq</span> a1, a2, a3, a4
<span class="oblock">endin</span>
<span class="oblock">instr</span> 99 <span class="comment">; reverb instrument</span>
a1 <span class="opc">reverb2</span> ga1, 2.5, .5
a2 <span class="opc">reverb2</span> ga2, 2.5, .5
a3 <span class="opc">reverb2</span> ga3, 2.5, .5
a4 <span class="opc">reverb2</span> ga4, 2.5, .5
<span class="emphasis"><em>outq</em></span> a1, a2, a3, a4
ga1 <span class="op">=</span>0
ga2 <span class="op">=</span>0
ga3 <span class="op">=</span>0
ga4 <span class="op">=</span>0
<span class="oblock">endin</span></pre>
</div>
<p>
</p>
<p>
In the above example, the signal, <span class="emphasis"><em>asig</em></span>, is moved according to the data in Function #1 indexed by <span class="emphasis"><em>ktime</em></span>. <span class="emphasis"><em>space</em></span> sends the appropriate amount of the signal internally to <span class="emphasis"><em>spsend</em></span>. The outputs of the <span class="emphasis"><em>spsend</em></span> are added to global accumulators in a common Csound style and the global signals are used as inputs to the reverb units in a separate instrument.
</p>
<p>
<span class="emphasis"><em>space</em></span> can be useful for quad and stereo panning as well as fixed placed of sounds anywhere between two loudspeakers. Below is an example of the fixed placement of sounds in a stereo field using xy values from the score instead of a function table.
</p>
<div class="informalexample">
<pre class="programlisting">
<span class="oblock">instr</span> 1
...
a1, a2, a3, a4 <span class="opc">space</span> asig, 0, 0, .1, p4, p5
ar1, ar2, ar3, ar4 <span class="opc">spsend
</span>
ga1 <span class="op">=</span> ga1<span class="op">+</span>ar1
ga2 <span class="op">=</span> ga2<span class="op">+</span>ar2
<span class="opc">outs</span> a1, a2
<span class="oblock">endin</span>
<span class="oblock">instr</span> 99 <span class="comment">; reverb....</span>
....
<span class="oblock">endin</span></pre>
</div>
<p>
</p>
<p>
A few notes: p4 and p5 are the x and y values
</p>
<div class="informalexample">
<pre class="programlisting">
<span class="comment">;place the sound in the left speaker and near</span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span>1 0 1 -1 1
<span class="comment">;place the sound in the right speaker and far</span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span>1 1 1 45 45
<span class="comment">;place the sound equally between left and right and in the middle ground distance</span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span>1 2 1 0 12
<span class="stamnt">e</span></pre>
</div>
<p>
</p>
<p>
The next example shows a simple intuitive use of the distance values returned by <span class="emphasis"><em>spdist</em></span> to simulate Doppler shift.
</p>
<div class="informalexample">
<pre class="programlisting">
ktime <span class="opc">line</span> 0, p3, 10
kdist <span class="opc">spdist</span> 1, ktime
kfreq <span class="op">=</span> (ifreq <span class="op">*</span> 340) <span class="op">/</span> (340 <span class="op">+</span> kdist)
asig <span class="opc">oscili</span> iamp, kfreq, 1
a1, a2, a3, a4 <span class="opc">space</span> asig, 1, ktime, .1
ar1, ar2, ar3, ar4 <span class="opc">spsend</span></pre>
</div>
<p>
</p>
<p>
The same function and time values are used for both <span class="emphasis"><em>spdist</em></span> and <span class="emphasis"><em>space</em></span>. This insures that the distance values used internally in the <span class="emphasis"><em>space</em></span> unit will be the same as those returned by <span class="emphasis"><em>spdist</em></span> to give the impression of a Doppler shift!
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="See Also">
<a id="id3234208"></a>
<h2>See Also</h2>
<p>
<a class="link" href="space.html" title="space"><em class="citetitle">space</em></a>,
<a class="link" href="spdist.html" title="spdist"><em class="citetitle">spdist</em></a>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1" title="Credits">
<a id="id3234234"></a>
<h2>Credits</h2>
<p>
</p>
<table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist">
<tr>
<td>Author: Richard Karpen</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Seattle, WA USA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1998</td>
</tr>
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<p>
</p>
<p>New in Csound version 3.48</p>
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