<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <title>trigger</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="csound.css" type="text/css" /> <meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.75.2" /> <link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The Canonical Csound Reference Manual" /> <link rel="up" href="OpcodesTop.html" title="Orchestra Opcodes and Operators" /> <link rel="prev" href="trhighest.html" title="trhighest" /> <link rel="next" href="trigseq.html" title="trigseq" /> </head> <body> <div class="navheader"> <table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"> <tr> <th colspan="3" align="center">trigger</th> </tr> <tr> <td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="trhighest.html">Prev</a> </td> <th width="60%" align="center">Orchestra Opcodes and Operators</th> <td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="trigseq.html">Next</a></td> </tr> </table> <hr /> </div> <div class="refentry" title="trigger"> <a id="trigger"></a> <div class="titlepage"></div> <a id="IndexTrigger" class="indexterm"></a> <div class="refnamediv"> <h2> <span class="refentrytitle">trigger</span> </h2> <p>trigger — Informs when a krate signal crosses a threshold. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Description"> <a id="id3301097"></a> <h2>Description</h2> <p> Informs when a krate signal crosses a threshold. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Syntax"> <a id="id3301119"></a> <h2>Syntax</h2> <pre class="synopsis">kout <span class="command"><strong>trigger</strong></span> ksig, kthreshold, kmode</pre> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Performance"> <a id="id3301138"></a> <h2>Performance</h2> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>ksig</em></span> -- input signal </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>kthreshold</em></span> -- trigger threshold </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>kmode</em></span> -- can be 0 , 1 or 2 </p> <p> Normally <span class="emphasis"><em>trigger</em></span> outputs zeroes: only each time <span class="emphasis"><em>ksig</em></span> crosses <span class="emphasis"><em>kthreshold</em></span> <span class="emphasis"><em>trigger</em></span> outputs a 1. There are three modes of using <span class="emphasis"><em>ktrig</em></span>: </p> <div class="itemizedlist"> <ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"> <li class="listitem"> <p><span class="emphasis"><em>kmode</em></span> = 0 - (down-up) <span class="emphasis"><em>ktrig</em></span> outputs a 1 when current value of <span class="emphasis"><em>ksig</em></span> is higher than <span class="emphasis"><em>kthreshold,</em></span> while old value of <span class="emphasis"><em>ksig</em></span> was equal to or lower than <span class="emphasis"><em>kthreshold</em></span>.</p> </li> <li class="listitem"> <p><span class="emphasis"><em>kmode</em></span> = 1 - (up-down) <span class="emphasis"><em>ktrig</em></span> outputs a 1 when current value of <span class="emphasis"><em>ksig</em></span> is lower than <span class="emphasis"><em>kthreshold</em></span> while old value of <span class="emphasis"><em>ksig</em></span> was equal or higher than <span class="emphasis"><em>kthreshold</em></span>.</p> </li> <li class="listitem"> <p><span class="emphasis"><em>kmode</em></span> = 2 - (both) <span class="emphasis"><em>ktrig</em></span> outputs a 1 in both the two previous cases.</p> </li> </ul> </div> <p> </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Examples"> <a id="id3302040"></a> <h2>Examples</h2> <p> Here is an example of the trigger opcode. It uses the file <a class="ulink" href="examples/trigger.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">trigger.csd</em></a>. </p> <div class="example"> <a id="id3302057"></a> <p class="title"> <b>Example 635. Example of the trigger opcode.</b> </p> <div class="example-contents"> <p>See the sections <a class="link" href="UsingRealTime.html" title="Real-Time Audio"><em class="citetitle">Real-time Audio</em></a> and <a class="link" href="CommandFlags.html" title="Csound command line"><em class="citetitle">Command Line Flags</em></a> for more information on using command line flags.</p> <pre class="programlisting"> <span class="csdtag"><CsoundSynthesizer></span> <span class="csdtag"><CsOptions></span> <span class="comment">; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform</span> <span class="comment">; Audio out Audio in</span> -odac -iadc <span class="comment">;;;RT audio I/O</span> <span class="comment">; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:</span> <span class="comment">; -o trigger.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform</span> <span class="csdtag"></CsOptions></span> <span class="csdtag"><CsInstruments></span> <span class="comment">; Initialize the global variables.</span> <span class="ohdr">sr</span> <span class="op">=</span> 44100 <span class="ohdr">kr</span> <span class="op">=</span> 4410 <span class="ohdr">ksmps</span> <span class="op">=</span> 10 <span class="ohdr">nchnls</span> <span class="op">=</span> 1 <span class="comment">; Instrument #1.</span> <span class="oblock">instr</span> 1 <span class="comment">; Use a square-wave low frequency oscillator as the trigger.</span> klf <span class="opc">lfo</span> 1, 10, 3 ktr <span class="opc">trigger</span> klf, 1, 2 <span class="comment">; When the value of the trigger isn't equal to 0, print it out.</span> <span class="octrl">if</span> (ktr <span class="op">==</span> 0) <span class="octrl">kgoto</span> <span class="olabel">contin</span> <span class="comment">; Print the value of the trigger and the time it occurred.</span> ktm <span class="opc">times</span> <span class="opc">printks</span> "time <span class="op">=</span> <span class="op">%</span>f seconds, <span class="opc">trigger</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="op">%</span>f\\n", 0, ktm, ktr <span class="olabel">contin</span><span class="op">:</span> <span class="comment">; Continue with processing.</span> <span class="oblock">endin</span> <span class="csdtag"></CsInstruments></span> <span class="csdtag"><CsScore></span> <span class="comment">; Play Instrument #1 for one second.</span> <span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 0 1 <span class="stamnt">e</span> <span class="csdtag"></CsScore></span> <span class="csdtag"></CsoundSynthesizer></span> </pre> </div> </div> <p><br class="example-break" /> Its output should include lines like this: </p> <pre class="screen"> time = 0.050340 seconds, trigger = 1.000000 time = 0.150340 seconds, trigger = 1.000000 time = 0.250340 seconds, trigger = 1.000000 time = 0.350340 seconds, trigger = 1.000000 time = 0.450340 seconds, trigger = 1.000000 time = 0.550340 seconds, trigger = 1.000000 time = 0.650340 seconds, trigger = 1.000000 time = 0.750340 seconds, trigger = 1.000000 time = 0.850340 seconds, trigger = 1.000000 time = 0.950340 seconds, trigger = 1.000000 </pre> <p> </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Credits"> <a id="id3302117"></a> <h2>Credits</h2> <p> </p> <table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"> <tr> <td>Author: Gabriel Maldonado</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Italy</td> </tr> </table> <p> </p> <p>Example written by Kevin Conder.</p> <p>New in Csound version 3.49</p> </div> </div> <div class="navfooter"> <hr /> <table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"> <tr> <td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="trhighest.html">Prev</a> </td> <td width="20%" align="center"> <a accesskey="u" href="OpcodesTop.html">Up</a> </td> <td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="trigseq.html">Next</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">trhighest </td> <td width="20%" align="center"> <a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a> </td> <td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> trigseq</td> </tr> </table> </div> </body> </html>