<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <title>wgbow</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="csound.css" type="text/css" /> <meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.75.2" /> <link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The Canonical Csound Reference Manual" /> <link rel="up" href="OpcodesTop.html" title="Orchestra Opcodes and Operators" /> <link rel="prev" href="weibull.html" title="weibull" /> <link rel="next" href="wgbowedbar.html" title="wgbowedbar" /> </head> <body> <div class="navheader"> <table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"> <tr> <th colspan="3" align="center">wgbow</th> </tr> <tr> <td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="weibull.html">Prev</a> </td> <th width="60%" align="center">Orchestra Opcodes and Operators</th> <td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="wgbowedbar.html">Next</a></td> </tr> </table> <hr /> </div> <div class="refentry" title="wgbow"> <a id="wgbow"></a> <div class="titlepage"></div> <a id="IndexWgbow" class="indexterm"></a> <div class="refnamediv"> <h2> <span class="refentrytitle">wgbow</span> </h2> <p>wgbow — Creates a tone similar to a bowed string. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Description"> <a id="id3364994"></a> <h2>Description</h2> <p> Audio output is a tone similar to a bowed string, using a physical model developed from Perry Cook, but re-coded for Csound. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Syntax"> <a id="id3365010"></a> <h2>Syntax</h2> <pre class="synopsis">ares <span class="command"><strong>wgbow</strong></span> kamp, kfreq, kpres, krat, kvibf, kvamp, ifn [, iminfreq]</pre> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Initialization"> <a id="id3365931"></a> <h2>Initialization</h2> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>ifn</em></span> -- table of shape of vibrato, usually a sine table, created by a function </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>iminfreq</em></span> (optional) -- lowest frequency at which the instrument will play. If it is omitted it is taken to be the same as the initial <span class="emphasis"><em>kfreq</em></span>. If <span class="emphasis"><em>iminfreq</em></span> is negative, initialization will be skipped. </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Performance"> <a id="id3365965"></a> <h2>Performance</h2> <p> A note is played on a string-like instrument, with the arguments as below. </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>kamp</em></span> -- amplitude of note. </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>kfreq</em></span> -- frequency of note played. </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>kpres</em></span> -- a parameter controlling the pressure of the bow on the string. Values should be about 3. The useful range is approximately 1 to 5. </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>krat</em></span> -- the position of the bow along the string. Usual playing is about 0.127236. The suggested range is 0.025 to 0.23. </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>kvibf</em></span> -- frequency of vibrato in Hertz. Suggested range is 0 to 12 </p> <p> <span class="emphasis"><em>kvamp</em></span> -- amplitude of the vibrato </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Examples"> <a id="id3366034"></a> <h2>Examples</h2> <p> Here is an example of the wgbow opcode. It uses the file <a class="ulink" href="examples/wgbow.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">wgbow.csd</em></a>. </p> <div class="example"> <a id="id3366051"></a> <p class="title"> <b>Example 698. Example of the wgbow opcode.</b> </p> <div class="example-contents"> <p>See the sections <a class="link" href="UsingRealTime.html" title="Real-Time Audio"><em class="citetitle">Real-time Audio</em></a> and <a class="link" href="CommandFlags.html" title="Csound command line"><em class="citetitle">Command Line Flags</em></a> for more information on using command line flags.</p> <pre class="programlisting"> <span class="csdtag"><CsoundSynthesizer></span> <span class="csdtag"><CsOptions></span> <span class="comment">; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform</span> <span class="comment">; Audio out Audio in No messages</span> -odac -iadc -d <span class="comment">;;;RT audio I/O</span> <span class="comment">; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:</span> <span class="comment">; -o wgbow.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform</span> <span class="csdtag"></CsOptions></span> <span class="csdtag"><CsInstruments></span> <span class="comment">; Initialize the global variables.</span> <span class="ohdr">sr</span> <span class="op">=</span> 44100 <span class="ohdr">kr</span> <span class="op">=</span> 4410 <span class="ohdr">ksmps</span> <span class="op">=</span> 10 <span class="ohdr">nchnls</span> <span class="op">=</span> 1 <span class="comment">; Instrument #1.</span> <span class="oblock">instr</span> 1 kamp <span class="op">=</span> 31129.60 kfreq <span class="op">=</span> 440 kpres <span class="op">=</span> 3.0 krat <span class="op">=</span> 0.127236 kvibf <span class="op">=</span> 6.12723 ifn <span class="op">=</span> 1 <span class="comment">; Create an amplitude envelope for the vibrato.</span> kv <span class="opc">linseg</span> 0, 0.5, 0, 1, 1, p3<span class="op">-</span>0.5, 1 kvamp <span class="op">=</span> kv <span class="op">*</span> 0.01 a1 <span class="opc">wgbow</span> kamp, kfreq, kpres, krat, kvibf, kvamp, ifn <span class="opc">out</span> a1 <span class="oblock">endin</span> <span class="csdtag"></CsInstruments></span> <span class="csdtag"><CsScore></span> <span class="comment">; Table #1, a sine wave.</span> <span class="stamnt">f</span> 1 0 128 10 1 <span class="comment">; Play Instrument #1 for two seconds.</span> <span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 0 2 <span class="stamnt">e</span> <span class="csdtag"></CsScore></span> <span class="csdtag"></CsoundSynthesizer></span> </pre> </div> </div> <p><br class="example-break" /> </p> </div> <div class="refsect1" title="Credits"> <a id="id3366089"></a> <h2>Credits</h2> <p> </p> <table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"> <tr> <td>Author: John ffitch (after Perry Cook)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>University of Bath, Codemist Ltd.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Bath, UK</td> </tr> </table> <p> </p> <p>New in Csound version 3.47</p> </div> </div> <div class="navfooter"> <hr /> <table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"> <tr> <td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="weibull.html">Prev</a> </td> <td width="20%" align="center"> <a accesskey="u" href="OpcodesTop.html">Up</a> </td> <td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="wgbowedbar.html">Next</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">weibull </td> <td width="20%" align="center"> <a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a> </td> <td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> wgbowedbar</td> </tr> </table> </div> </body> </html>