<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <!-- for emacs: -*- coding: utf-8 -*- --> <!-- Apache may like this line in the file .htaccess: AddCharset utf-8 .html --> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1 plus MathML 2.0 plus SVG 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/2002/04/xhtml-math-svg/xhtml-math-svg-flat.dtd" > <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en"> <head><title>ChainComplexMap ^ ZZ -- iterated composition</title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../../Macaulay2/Style/doc.css"/> </head> <body> <table class="buttons"> <tr> <td><div><a href="___Chain__Complex__Map_sp_us_sp__Z__Z.html">next</a> | <a href="___Chain__Complex__Map_sp_st_st_sp__Chain__Complex__Map.html">previous</a> | <a href="___Chain__Complex__Map_sp_us_sp__Z__Z.html">forward</a> | <a href="___Chain__Complex__Map_sp_st_st_sp__Chain__Complex__Map.html">backward</a> | up | <a href="index.html">top</a> | <a href="master.html">index</a> | <a href="toc.html">toc</a> | <a href="http://www.math.uiuc.edu/Macaulay2/">Macaulay2 web site</a></div> </td> </tr> </table> <hr/> <div><h1>ChainComplexMap ^ ZZ -- iterated composition</h1> <div class="single"><h2>Synopsis</h2> <ul><li><div class="list"><dl class="element"><dt class="heading">Usage: </dt><dd class="value"><div><tt>f^n</tt></div> </dd></dl> </div> </li> <li><span>Operator: <a href="_^.html" title="a binary operator, usually used for powers">^</a></span></li> <li><div class="single">Inputs:<ul><li><span><tt>f</tt>, <span>a <a href="___Chain__Complex__Map.html">chain complex map</a></span>, or a <span>a <a href="___Graded__Module__Map.html">graded module map</a></span></span></li> <li><span><tt>n</tt>, <span>an <a href="___Z__Z.html">integer</a></span></span></li> </ul> </div> </li> <li><div class="single">Outputs:<ul><li><span><span>a <a href="___Chain__Complex__Map.html">chain complex map</a></span>, the composite <tt>f o f o ... o f</tt> (<tt>n</tt> times)</span></li> </ul> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="single"><h2>Description</h2> <div>If <tt>f</tt> is a <a href="___Graded__Module__Map.html" title="the class of all maps between graded modules">GradedModuleMap</a>, then so is the result.<p/> One use of this function is to determine if a chain complex is well-defined. The chain complex will be well-defined if the square of the differential is zero.<table class="examples"><tr><td><pre>i1 : R = QQ[x,y,z];</pre> </td></tr> <tr><td><pre>i2 : C = res coker vars R 1 3 3 1 o2 = R <-- R <-- R <-- R <-- 0 0 1 2 3 4 o2 : ChainComplex</pre> </td></tr> <tr><td><pre>i3 : C.dd^2 == 0 o3 = true</pre> </td></tr> </table> </div> </div> <div class="single"><h2>See also</h2> <ul><li><span><a href="___Chain__Complex.html" title="the class of all chain complexes">ChainComplex</a> -- the class of all chain complexes</span></li> </ul> </div> </div> </body> </html>