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<div><h1>Thing -- the class of all things</h1>
<div class="single"><h2>Description</h2>
<div>Everything in Macaulay2 is a <i>thing</i>. This includes numbers, strings, and lists. More complicated things such as polynomials, groups, rings, and chain complexes are implemented as <i>hash tables</i>. See <a href="___Type.html" title="the class of all types">Type</a> for information about what types of things there are.</div>
</div>
<div class="waystouse"><h2>Types of thing :</h2>
<ul><li><span><a href="___Basic__List.html" title="the class of all basic lists">BasicList</a> -- the class of all basic lists</span></li>
<li><span><a href="___Boolean.html" title="the class of Boolean values">Boolean</a> -- the class of Boolean values</span></li>
<li><span><a href="___Compiled__Function__Body.html" title="the class of all compiled function bodies">CompiledFunctionBody</a> -- the class of all compiled function bodies</span></li>
<li><span><a href="___Database.html" title="the class of all database files">Database</a> -- the class of all database files</span></li>
<li><span><a href="___Dictionary.html" title="the class of all dictionaries">Dictionary</a> -- the class of all dictionaries</span></li>
<li><span><a href="___File.html" title="the class of all files">File</a> -- the class of all files</span></li>
<li><span><a href="___Function.html" title="the class of all functions">Function</a> -- the class of all functions</span></li>
<li><span><a href="___Function__Body.html" title="the class of function bodies">FunctionBody</a> -- the class of function bodies</span></li>
<li><span><a href="___Hash__Table.html" title="the class of all hash tables">HashTable</a> -- the class of all hash tables</span></li>
<li><span><tt>LibxmlAttribute</tt> (missing documentation<!-- tag: LibxmlAttribute -->)</span></li>
<li><span><tt>LibxmlNode</tt> (missing documentation<!-- tag: LibxmlNode -->)</span></li>
<li><span><a href="___Net.html" title="the class of all nets and strings">Net</a> -- the class of all nets and strings</span></li>
<li><span><a href="___Net__File.html" title="the class of all net files">NetFile</a> -- the class of all net files</span></li>
<li><span><a href="___Nothing.html" title="the empty class">Nothing</a> -- the empty class</span></li>
<li><span><a href="___Number.html" title="the class of all numbers">Number</a> -- the class of all numbers</span></li>
<li><span><a href="___Pseudocode.html" title="the class of pseudocodes">Pseudocode</a> -- the class of pseudocodes</span></li>
<li><span><a href="___Symbol.html" title="the class of all symbols">Symbol</a> -- the class of all symbols</span></li>
<li><span><a href="___Thing.html" title="the class of all things">Thing</a> -- the class of all things</span></li>
</ul>
<h2>Functions and methods returning a thing :</h2>
<ul><li><span><a href="___Basic__List_sp_sh_sp__Z__Z.html" title="get element from list">BasicList # ZZ</a> -- get element from list</span></li>
<li><span><a href="___Function_sp__Thing.html" title="function application">Function Thing</a> -- function application</span></li>
<li><span><a href="___Hash__Table_sp_sh_sp__Thing.html" title="get value from hash table">HashTable # Thing</a> -- get value from hash table</span></li>
<li><span><a href="___String_sp_sh_sp__Z__Z.html" title="get character from string">String # ZZ</a> -- get character from string</span></li>
</ul>
<h2>Methods that use a thing :</h2>
<ul><li><span>Thing * List, see <span><a href="__st.html" title="a binary operator, usually used for multiplication">*</a> -- a binary operator, usually used for multiplication</span></span></li>
<li><span>Thing =!= Thing, see <span><a href="__eq!_eq.html" title="strict inequality">=!=</a> -- strict inequality</span></span></li>
<li><span>Thing => Thing, see <span><a href="__eq_gt.html" title="produce an Option">=></a> -- produce an Option</span></span></li>
<li><span><a href="_accumulate_lp__Function_cm__Thing_cm__Visible__List_rp.html" title="">accumulate(Function,Thing,VisibleList)</a></span></li>
<li><span><a href="_accumulate_lp__Visible__List_cm__Thing_cm__Function_rp.html" title="">accumulate(VisibleList,Thing,Function)</a></span></li>
<li><span><a href="_add__Hook_lp__Hash__Table_cm__Thing_cm__Function_rp.html" title="add a hook function to an object for later processing">addHook(HashTable,Thing,Function)</a> -- add a hook function to an object for later processing</span></li>
<li><span><a href="_append_lp__Basic__List_cm__Thing_rp.html" title="append an element to a list">append(BasicList,Thing)</a> -- append an element to a list</span></li>
<li><span><a href="_between_lp__Thing_cm__Visible__List_rp.html" title="insert something between elements of a list">between(Thing,VisibleList)</a> -- insert something between elements of a list</span></li>
<li><span>Command Thing, see <span><a href="___Command.html" title="the class of all commands">Command</a> -- the class of all commands</span></span></li>
<li><span>describe(Thing), see <span><a href="_describe.html" title="real description">describe</a> -- real description</span></span></li>
<li><span>dictionary(Thing), see <span><a href="_dictionary.html" title="determine the dictionary to which a symbol belongs">dictionary</a> -- determine the dictionary to which a symbol belongs</span></span></li>
<li><span>examples(Thing), see <span><a href="_examples.html" title="list the examples in documentation">examples</a> -- list the examples in documentation</span></span></li>
<li><span><tt>Expression ..< Thing</tt> (missing documentation<!-- tag: (..<,Expression,Thing) -->)</span></li>
<li><span><< Thing, see <span><a href="___File_sp_lt_lt_sp__Thing.html" title="print to a file">File << Thing</a> -- print to a file</span></span></li>
<li><span><a href="___File_sp_lt_lt_sp__Thing.html" title="print to a file">File << Thing</a> -- print to a file</span></li>
<li><span>List << Thing, see <span><a href="___File_sp_lt_lt_sp__Thing.html" title="print to a file">File << Thing</a> -- print to a file</span></span></li>
<li><span>Nothing << Thing, see <span><a href="___File_sp_lt_lt_sp__Thing.html" title="print to a file">File << Thing</a> -- print to a file</span></span></li>
<li><span>String << Thing, see <span><a href="___File_sp_lt_lt_sp__Thing.html" title="print to a file">File << Thing</a> -- print to a file</span></span></li>
<li><span><a href="_fold_lp__Function_cm__Thing_cm__Visible__List_rp.html" title="">fold(Function,Thing,VisibleList)</a></span></li>
<li><span><a href="_fold_lp__Visible__List_cm__Thing_cm__Function_rp.html" title="">fold(VisibleList,Thing,Function)</a></span></li>
<li><span><a href="___Function_sp_us_sp__Thing.html" title="attach the first argument to a function of two or more arguments">Function _ Thing</a> -- attach the first argument to a function of two or more arguments</span></li>
<li><span><a href="___Hash__Table_sp_sh_qu_sp__Thing.html" title="check for value in hash table">HashTable #? Thing</a> -- check for value in hash table</span></li>
<li><span>help(Thing), see <span><a href="_help.html" title="help command">help</a> -- help command</span></span></li>
<li><span>IndexedVariableTable _ Thing, see <span><a href="___Indexed__Variable__Table.html" title="">IndexedVariableTable</a></span></span></li>
<li><span>IndexedVariableTable _ Thing = Thing, see <span><a href="___Indexed__Variable__Table.html" title="">IndexedVariableTable</a></span></span></li>
<li><span><tt>IndexedVariableTable .. Thing</tt> (missing documentation<!-- tag: (..,IndexedVariableTable,Thing) -->)</span></li>
<li><span><tt>IndexedVariableTable ..< Thing</tt> (missing documentation<!-- tag: (..<,IndexedVariableTable,Thing) -->)</span></li>
<li><span><a href="_insert_lp__Z__Z_cm__Thing_cm__Visible__List_rp.html" title="copy a list, inserting an element">insert(ZZ,Thing,VisibleList)</a> -- copy a list, inserting an element</span></li>
<li><span>instance(Thing,Type), see <span><a href="_instance.html" title="whether something has a certain type">instance</a> -- whether something has a certain type</span></span></li>
<li><span>isFreeModule(Thing), see <span><a href="_is__Free__Module.html" title="whether something is a free module">isFreeModule</a> -- whether something is a free module</span></span></li>
<li><span>isIdeal(Thing), see <span><a href="_is__Ideal.html" title="whether something is an ideal">isIdeal</a> -- whether something is an ideal</span></span></li>
<li><span>isModule(Thing), see <span><a href="_is__Module.html" title="whether something is a module">isModule</a> -- whether something is a module</span></span></li>
<li><span>isMonomialIdeal(Thing), see <span><a href="_is__Monomial__Ideal.html" title="whether something is a monomial ideal">isMonomialIdeal</a> -- whether something is a monomial ideal</span></span></li>
<li><span>isPolynomialRing(Thing), see <span><a href="_is__Polynomial__Ring.html" title="whether someting is a polynomial ring">isPolynomialRing</a> -- whether someting is a polynomial ring</span></span></li>
<li><span>isQuotientModule(Thing), see <span><a href="_is__Quotient__Module.html" title="whether something is evidently a quotient of a free module">isQuotientModule</a> -- whether something is evidently a quotient of a free module</span></span></li>
<li><span>isRing(Thing), see <span><a href="_is__Ring.html" title="whether something is a ring">isRing</a> -- whether something is a ring</span></span></li>
<li><span>isSubmodule(Thing), see <span><a href="_is__Submodule.html" title="whether a module is evidently a submodule of a free module">isSubmodule</a> -- whether a module is evidently a submodule of a free module</span></span></li>
<li><span><a href="___List_sp_sl_sp__Thing.html" title="vector division">List / Thing</a> -- vector division</span></li>
<li><span>makeDocumentTag(Thing), see <span><a href="_make__Document__Tag.html" title="convert a documentation key to a documentation tag">makeDocumentTag</a> -- convert a documentation key to a documentation tag</span></span></li>
<li><span>member(Thing,Set), see <span><a href="_member.html" title="test membership in a list or set">member</a> -- test membership in a list or set</span></span></li>
<li><span>member(Thing,VisibleList), see <span><a href="_member.html" title="test membership in a list or set">member</a> -- test membership in a list or set</span></span></li>
<li><span>methods(Thing), see <span><a href="_methods.html" title="list methods">methods</a> -- list methods</span></span></li>
<li><span><tt>MonoidElement .. Thing</tt> (missing documentation<!-- tag: (..,MonoidElement,Thing) -->)</span></li>
<li><span><tt>MonoidElement ..< Thing</tt> (missing documentation<!-- tag: (..<,MonoidElement,Thing) -->)</span></li>
<li><span>mutable(Thing), see <span><a href="_mutable.html" title="whether something may be modified">mutable</a> -- whether something may be modified</span></span></li>
<li><span>package(Thing), see <span><a href="_package.html" title="get containing package">package</a> -- get containing package</span></span></li>
<li><span><a href="_peek_sq_lp__Z__Z_cm__Thing_rp.html" title="examine contents of an object">peek'(ZZ,Thing)</a> -- examine contents of an object</span></li>
<li><span><a href="_prepend_lp__Thing_cm__Basic__List_rp.html" title="add an element to the beginning of a list">prepend(Thing,BasicList)</a> -- add an element to the beginning of a list</span></li>
<li><span>remove(HashTable,Thing), see <span><a href="_remove.html" title="remove an entry from a hash table">remove</a> -- remove an entry from a hash table</span></span></li>
<li><span><a href="_remove__Hook_lp__Hash__Table_cm__Thing_cm__Function_rp.html" title="remove a hook function from an object">removeHook(HashTable,Thing,Function)</a> -- remove a hook function from an object</span></li>
<li><span><a href="_replace_lp__Z__Z_cm__Thing_cm__Visible__List_rp.html" title="copy a list, replacing an element">replace(ZZ,Thing,VisibleList)</a> -- copy a list, replacing an element</span></li>
<li><span><tt>RingElement .. Thing</tt> (missing documentation<!-- tag: (..,RingElement,Thing) -->)</span></li>
<li><span><tt>RingElement ..< Thing</tt> (missing documentation<!-- tag: (..<,RingElement,Thing) -->)</span></li>
<li><span><a href="_run__Hooks_lp__Hash__Table_cm__Thing_cm__Thing_rp.html" title="run the hook functions stored in an object">runHooks(HashTable,Thing,Thing)</a> -- run the hook functions stored in an object</span></li>
<li><span><a href="_run__Hooks_lp__Symbol_cm__Thing_rp.html" title="run the hook functions stored in an object">runHooks(Symbol,Thing)</a> -- run the hook functions stored in an object</span></li>
<li><span>schurRing(Thing,ZZ), see <span><a href="../../SchurRings/html/_schur__Ring.html" title="make a Schur ring">schurRing</a> -- make a Schur ring</span></span></li>
<li><span>SchurRingIndexedVariableTable _ Thing, see <span><a href="../../SchurRings/html/___Schur__Ring__Indexed__Variable__Table.html" title="">SchurRingIndexedVariableTable</a></span></span></li>
<li><span>ScriptedFunctor ^ Thing, see <span><a href="___Scripted__Functor.html" title="the class of all scripted functors">ScriptedFunctor</a> -- the class of all scripted functors</span></span></li>
<li><span>ScriptedFunctor _ Thing, see <span><a href="___Scripted__Functor.html" title="the class of all scripted functors">ScriptedFunctor</a> -- the class of all scripted functors</span></span></li>
<li><span>ScriptedFunctor Thing, see <span><a href="___Scripted__Functor.html" title="the class of all scripted functors">ScriptedFunctor</a> -- the class of all scripted functors</span></span></li>
<li><span>SelfInitializingType Thing, see <span><a href="___Self__Initializing__Type.html" title="the class of all self initializing types">SelfInitializingType</a> -- the class of all self initializing types</span></span></li>
<li><span><a href="___Set_sp_sh_qu_sp__Thing.html" title="test set membership">Set #? Thing</a> -- test set membership</span></li>
<li><span><tt>Subscript .. Thing</tt> (missing documentation<!-- tag: (..,Subscript,Thing) -->)</span></li>
<li><span><tt>Subscript ..< Thing</tt> (missing documentation<!-- tag: (..<,Subscript,Thing) -->)</span></li>
<li><span>substitute(Divide,Thing), see <span><a href="_substitute.html" title="substituting values for variables">substitute</a> -- substituting values for variables</span></span></li>
<li><span>substitute(Power,Thing), see <span><a href="_substitute.html" title="substituting values for variables">substitute</a> -- substituting values for variables</span></span></li>
<li><span>substitute(Product,Thing), see <span><a href="_substitute.html" title="substituting values for variables">substitute</a> -- substituting values for variables</span></span></li>
<li><span>substitute(Sum,Thing), see <span><a href="_substitute.html" title="substituting values for variables">substitute</a> -- substituting values for variables</span></span></li>
<li><span><a href="___Symbol_sp_us_sp__Thing.html" title="index variable">Symbol _ Thing</a> -- index variable</span></li>
<li><span><a href="___Symbol_sp_us_sp__Thing_sp_eq_sp__Thing.html" title="assignment to an indexed variable">Symbol _ Thing = Thing</a> -- assignment to an indexed variable</span></li>
<li><span><a href="___Tally_sp_us_sp__Thing.html" title="get a count from a tally">Tally _ Thing</a> -- get a count from a tally</span></li>
<li><span><tt>Thing .. IndexedVariableTable</tt> (missing documentation<!-- tag: (..,Thing,IndexedVariableTable) -->)</span></li>
<li><span><tt>Thing .. MonoidElement</tt> (missing documentation<!-- tag: (..,Thing,MonoidElement) -->)</span></li>
<li><span><tt>Thing .. RingElement</tt> (missing documentation<!-- tag: (..,Thing,RingElement) -->)</span></li>
<li><span><tt>Thing .. Subscript</tt> (missing documentation<!-- tag: (..,Thing,Subscript) -->)</span></li>
<li><span><tt>Thing ..< Expression</tt> (missing documentation<!-- tag: (..<,Thing,Expression) -->)</span></li>
<li><span><tt>Thing ..< IndexedVariableTable</tt> (missing documentation<!-- tag: (..<,Thing,IndexedVariableTable) -->)</span></li>
<li><span><tt>Thing ..< MonoidElement</tt> (missing documentation<!-- tag: (..<,Thing,MonoidElement) -->)</span></li>
<li><span><tt>Thing ..< RingElement</tt> (missing documentation<!-- tag: (..<,Thing,RingElement) -->)</span></li>
<li><span><tt>Thing ..< Subscript</tt> (missing documentation<!-- tag: (..<,Thing,Subscript) -->)</span></li>
<li><span>Command \\ Thing, see <span><a href="___Thing_sp_sl_sl_sp__Function.html" title="apply a function">Thing // Function</a> -- apply a function</span></span></li>
<li><span>Function \\ Thing, see <span><a href="___Thing_sp_sl_sl_sp__Function.html" title="apply a function">Thing // Function</a> -- apply a function</span></span></li>
<li><span>SelfInitializingType \\ Thing, see <span><a href="___Thing_sp_sl_sl_sp__Function.html" title="apply a function">Thing // Function</a> -- apply a function</span></span></li>
<li><span>Thing // Command, see <span><a href="___Thing_sp_sl_sl_sp__Function.html" title="apply a function">Thing // Function</a> -- apply a function</span></span></li>
<li><span><a href="___Thing_sp_sl_sl_sp__Function.html" title="apply a function">Thing // Function</a> -- apply a function</span></li>
<li><span>Thing // SelfInitializingType, see <span><a href="___Thing_sp_sl_sl_sp__Function.html" title="apply a function">Thing // Function</a> -- apply a function</span></span></li>
<li><span><a href="___Thing_sp_eq_eq_eq_sp__Thing.html" title="strict equality">Thing === Thing</a> -- strict equality</span></li>
<li><span>ultimate(Function,Thing), see <span><a href="_ultimate.html" title="ultimate value for an iteration">ultimate</a> -- ultimate value for an iteration</span></span></li>
<li><span>undocumented(Thing), see <span><a href="_undocumented.html" title="">undocumented</a></span></span></li>
<li><span>WrapperType Thing, see <span><a href="___Wrapper__Type.html" title="a class of lists with abbreviated constructors">WrapperType</a> -- a class of lists with abbreviated constructors</span></span></li>
<li><span><a href="___Z__Z_sp_co_sp__Thing.html" title="repeat an item">ZZ : Thing</a> -- repeat an item</span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="waystouse"><h2>For the programmer</h2>
<p>The object <a href="___Thing.html" title="the class of all things">Thing</a> is <span>a <a href="___Type.html">type</a></span>, with no ancestor class..</p>
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