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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Accessibility Guide</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="Common_Content/css/default.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="print" href="Common_Content/css/print.css" type="text/css" /><meta name="generator" content="publican 2.5" /><meta name="package" content="fedora-accessibility-guide-14-en-US-14.0-2" /><meta name="description" content="This document describes some of the hardware devices, applications, and utilities available to assist people with disabilities to use a computer with the Fedora operating system." /></head><body class="desktop "><p id="title"><a class="left" href="http://www.fedoraproject.org"><img src="Common_Content/images/image_left.png" alt="Product Site" /></a><a class="right" href="http://docs.fedoraproject.org"><img src="Common_Content/images/image_right.png" alt="Documentation Site" /></a></p><div xml:lang="en-US" class="article" id="id380658" lang="en-US"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="producttitle" font-family="sans-serif,Symbol,ZapfDingbats" font-weight="bold" font-size="12pt" text-align="center"><span class="productname">Fedora</span> <span class="productnumber">14</span></div><div><h1 id="id380658" class="title">Accessibility Guide</h1></div><div><h2 class="subtitle">Using Fedora with a visual, hearing, or mobility impairment</h2></div><div><h3 class="corpauthor">
<span class="inlinemediaobject"><object data="Common_Content/images/title_logo.svg" type="image/svg+xml"> Fedora Documentation Project</object></span>
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Fedora Documentation Project
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All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
</div></div></div><div><div class="abstract"><h6>Abstract</h6><div class="para">
This document describes some of the hardware devices, applications, and utilities available to assist people with disabilities to use a computer with the Fedora operating system.
</div></div></div></div><hr /></div><div class="toc"><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#introduction">1. Introduction</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#why_choose_fedora">2. Why should people choose Fedora as an accessibility solution?</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#section_508">2.1. The Section 508 Mandate</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#VPAT">2.2. The Voluntary Product Accessibility Template (VPAT)</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#tools">3. Available open source tools, utilities and drivers</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#hardware">3.1. Hardware</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#software">3.2. Software</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#id462004">4. Screen Readers</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#Orca">4.1. Orca for GNOME</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#Jovie">4.2. Jovie for KDE</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#Speakup">4.3. Speakup</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#Emacspeak">4.4. Using Emacspeak with Fedora</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#Screen_Magnifiers">5. Screen Magnifiers</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#id468659">5.1. KMagnifier</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#id459451">5.2. GNOME Magnifier</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#Mouse_Tools">6. Mouse Tools</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#id471821">6.1. KMouseTool</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#id500219">6.2. Mousetweaks</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#On_Screen_Keyboards">7. On_Screen_Keyboards</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#id479956">7.1. GNOME On-Screen Keyboard</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#id434035">7.2. Indic Onscreen Keyboard</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#id461812">7.3. Florence</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#id417495">7.4. Caribou</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#id417523">7.5. Dasher</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#Other_Tools">8. Other tools</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#id462733">8.1. Using BRLTTY with Fedora</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#id469291">8.2. KMouth</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#Desktops">9. Help for Linux Desktops</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#id466972">9.1. KDE</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#id463482">9.2. GNOME</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#id467154">9.3. XFCE</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#id473900">9.4. Sugar: Making computing accessible for children.</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="#moreinfo">10. Finding more information on Linux accessibility</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#id383498">11. We Need Feedback!</a></span></dt><dt><span class="appendix"><a href="#id459861">A. Revision History</a></span></dt></dl></div><div xml:lang="en-US" class="section" id="introduction" lang="en-US"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h2 class="title" id="introduction">1. Introduction</h2></div></div></div><div class="para">
There are approximately 500 million people worldwide with some kind of visual, hearing, or mobility impairment. Currently there are over 54 million people with disabilities in the United States alone and that number is significantly increasing as the baby boomer generation continues to age. People with disabilities often find it extremely difficult to effectively use existing and emerging technologies which are often designed without regard to their needs. Websites with inaccessible content can also be problematic for screen readers and other specialized devices used by the disabled community.
</div><div class="para">
Accessible features have been voluntarily integrated into operating systems, web interfaces, and other technologies because of marketing potential or because it has been "the right thing to do." Equal access to educational, professional, and recreational technologies is rapidly becoming a legal requirement. Federal agencies in numerous countries are formulating accessibility standards. Federal requirements in the United States went into effect in June 2001.
</div><div class="para">
Specialized hardware devices, applications, and utilities are available which considerably increase the usability of Linux for individuals with special needs.
</div></div><div xml:lang="en-US" class="section" id="why_choose_fedora" lang="en-US"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h2 class="title" id="why_choose_fedora">2. Why should people choose Fedora as an accessibility solution?</h2></div></div></div><div class="para">
Linux offers an inexpensive and efficient solution for the disabled community. Open source software costs far less compared to tools that run on other operating systems and Linux tools are often freely downloadable.
</div><div class="para">
While the <em class="firstterm">Graphical User Interface</em> (GUI) is convenient for sighted users, it is often inhibiting to those with visual impairments because of the difficulty speech synthesizers have interpreting graphics. Linux is a great operating system for users with visual limitations because the GUI is an option, not a requirement. Most modern tools including email, news, web browsers, calendars, calculators, and much more can run on Linux without the GUI. The working environment can also be customized to meet the hardware or software needs of the user.
</div><div class="para">
Fedora is an extremely popular Linux distribution. Most industry professionals are familiar with Fedora, making it relatively straightforward to find assistance if necessary.
</div><div class="para">
The Fedora Project issues regular and frequent updates and enhancements, and computers that have Fedora installed can download and install these automatically and without cost. It is therefore easy and economical to keep computers secure and up to date.
</div><div class="section" id="section_508"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h3 class="title" id="section_508">2.1. The Section 508 Mandate</h3></div></div></div><div class="para">
In the United States, the Section 508 Mandate is an addendum to the <em class="citetitle">Rehabilitation Act</em> made in 1998 that requires federal agencies to use accessible electronic and information technologies so that people with special needs have the same opportunities as everyone else.
</div><div class="para">
For detailed information about the requirements of the Section 508 Mandate, visit <a href="http://www.section508.gov/">http://www.section508.gov/</a>
</div></div><div class="section" id="VPAT"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h3 class="title" id="VPAT">2.2. The Voluntary Product Accessibility Template (VPAT)</h3></div></div></div><div class="para">
The VPAT template details how a particular product or service conforms to Section 508 criteria. The VPAT helps federal personnel adhere to Section 508 by helping them determine whether they are buying the most accessible IT products and services available. The VPAT template participation by private vendors is voluntary. These templates are hosted on the individual vendor websites. The vendors maintain their own information and the government does not endorse this information in any way.
</div></div></div><div xml:lang="en-US" class="section" id="tools" lang="en-US"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h2 class="title" id="tools">3. Available open source tools, utilities and drivers</h2></div></div></div><div class="para">
Current development is focusing on visual and mobility impairments. There are both software and hardware based solutions available. There are also both console and graphical solutions available, however, the graphical solutions are limited at this time.
</div><div class="section" id="hardware"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h3 class="title" id="hardware">3.1. Hardware</h3></div></div></div><div class="para">
The biggest advantage of the hardware speech solutions is that speech is available before the operating system loads, which even makes it possible for people with a visual impairment to install the operating system. Hardware solutions include speech synthesizers, braille terminals, braille printers, sip and puff systems, and eye gaze pointing devices. These devices are usually very expensive and it is difficult to find drivers for them. Drivers are being written (mostly for speech synthesizers) for Linux but they need to be tested and integrated by the community into "upstream" software projects before becoming part of Fedora.
</div><div class="para">
Jim Van Zandt has also written several servers that work with <span class="application"><strong>Emacspeak</strong></span>. These servers can be found in a package called <span class="package">Emacspeak-ss</span> on Jim Van Zandt's website or linked within the <em class="citetitle">Emacspeak HOWTO</em>, available at: <a href="http://slackware.osuosl.org/slackware-3.3/docs/Emacspeak-HOWTO">http://slackware.osuosl.org/slackware-3.3/docs/Emacspeak-HOWTO</a>.
</div><div class="para">
For more information on <span class="application"><strong>Emacspeak</strong></span>, visit <a href="http://emacspeak.sourceforge.net/">http://emacspeak.sourceforge.net/</a>
</div></div><div class="section" id="software"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h3 class="title" id="software">3.2. Software</h3></div></div></div><div class="para">
This document focuses mostly on software tools and utilities that work with Linux. Most of these tools have been developed by the Open Source community and many have not yet been tested by the Fedora Project.
</div></div></div><div xml:lang="en-US" class="section" lang="en-US"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h2 class="title" id="id462004">4. Screen Readers</h2></div></div></div><div class="para">
Screen readers are important accessibility tools that allow a person with limited vision to have the computer read what is on the screen. There are numerous solutions that provide this service. This section covers some of the ones available to Fedora users.
</div><div class="section" id="Orca"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h3 class="title" id="Orca">4.1. Orca for GNOME</h3></div></div></div><div class="para">
GNOME supplies its own screen reader, <span class="package">Orca</span>. This package is installed by default on all Fedora systems. Additional information on <span class="package">Orca</span> may be found by visiting <a href="http://live.gnome.org/Orca/">http://live.gnome.org/Orca/</a>.
</div><div class="para">
To enable <span class="package">Orca</span> you may run <code class="command">orca</code> from the command line. This first time you will be asked a number of preference questions. After the initial configuration, run <code class="command">orca</code> a second time to start <span class="application"><strong>orca</strong></span>. The graphical application which starts has options for changing the preferences, quitting the program, and obtaining help. During the initial setup, the questions are also said allow as they are displayed in the terminal.
</div><div class="para">
Alternately, from the graphical menus select <span class="guilabel"><strong>System > Preferences > Assistive Technologies</strong></span> and check the box labeled "Enable Assistive Technologies" then click <span class="guilabel"><strong>Preferred Applications</strong></span> to ensure that either <span class="application"><strong>Orca</strong></span> or <span class="application"><strong>Orca and Magnifier</strong></span> is selected.
</div></div><div class="section" id="Jovie"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h3 class="title" id="Jovie">4.2. Jovie for KDE</h3></div></div></div><div class="para">
<span class="package">Jovie</span> is the KDE system for Text-to-Speech, previously known as ktts. <span class="package">Jovie</span> consists of a Text-to-Speech Daemon, a <span class="application"><strong>Konqueror</strong></span> plugin, and an extension for the <span class="application"><strong>Kate</strong></span> text editor. The Daemon provides text-to-speech functionality to applications, such as <span class="application"><strong>KMouth</strong></span> and <span class="application"><strong>KNotify</strong></span>, via D-Bus. It also provides an icon from the system tray, for additional features. From this tray icon, <span class="package">Jovie</span> can speak the contents of a text file, speak the contents of the clipboard, and access the control module for configuration. Comprehensive information on jovie can be found on the KDE website: <a href="http://docs.kde.org/stable/en/kdeaccessibility/jovie/index.html">http://docs.kde.org/stable/en/kdeaccessibility/jovie/index.html</a>
</div><div class="para">
To start <span class="package">Jovie</span> in Fedora, run <code class="command">jovie</code> from the command line. To start it from the KDE graphical menus, select <span class="guilabel"><strong>Applications > Utilities > Text-to-Speech.</strong></span>
</div></div><div class="section" id="Speakup"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h3 class="title" id="Speakup">4.3. Speakup</h3></div></div></div><div class="para">
<span class="application"><strong>Speakup</strong></span> is a screen review package written by Kirk Reiser and Andy Berdan and is available under a free license. <span class="application"><strong>Speakup</strong></span> gives users with visual or mobility impairments the ability to have audible console feedback using a speech synthesizer. <span class="application"><strong>Speakup</strong></span> is useful to blind users because it provides an audible installation and is fully supported by the blind open source community.
</div><div class="para">
<span class="application"><strong>Speakup</strong></span> works with the following hardware synthesizers:
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
<span class="application"><strong>DoubleTalk PC</strong></span> and <span class="application"><strong>DoubleTalk LT</strong></span>
</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
<span class="application"><strong>LiteTalk</strong></span>
</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
<span class="application"><strong>Accent PC</strong></span> and <span class="application"><strong>Accent SA</strong></span>
</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
<span class="application"><strong>Speakout</strong></span>
</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
<span class="application"><strong>Artic Transport</strong></span>
</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
<span class="application"><strong>Audapter</strong></span>
</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
<span class="application"><strong>Braille 'N Speak</strong></span> and <span class="application"><strong>Type 'N Speak</strong></span>
</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
<span class="application"><strong>Dectalk External</strong></span> and <span class="application"><strong>Dectalk Express</strong></span>
</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
<span class="application"><strong>Apollo2</strong></span>
</div></li></ul></div>
</div><div class="para">
For more information about <span class="application"><strong>Speakup</strong></span>, or to contribute to the Speakup project visit: <a href="http://www.linux-speakup.org">http://www.linux-speakup.org</a>
</div></div><div class="section" id="Emacspeak"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h3 class="title" id="Emacspeak">4.4. Using Emacspeak with Fedora</h3></div></div></div><div class="para">
<span class="application"><strong>Emacspeak</strong></span> is a speech interface that allows visually impaired users to interact independently and efficiently with the computer. <span class="application"><strong>Emacspeak</strong></span> has dramatically changed how hundreds of blind and visually impaired users around the world interact with the personal computer and the Internet. A rich suite of task-oriented speech-enabled tools provides efficient speech-enabled access to the evolving semantic world wide web. When combined with Linux running on low-cost PC hardware, <span class="application"><strong>Emacspeak</strong></span> provides a reliable, stable speech-friendly solution that opens up the Internet to visually impaired users around the world.
</div><div class="para">
Before using <span class="application"><strong>Emacspeak</strong></span>, you should familiarize yourself with some documentation. Start with <em class="citetitle">A Gentle Introduction to Emacspeak</em> by Gary Lawrence Murphy, which is available online at <a href="http://tldp.org/LDP/espk-ug/html/index.html">http://tldp.org/LDP/espk-ug/html/index.html</a>
</div><div class="para">
The <em class="citetitle">Emacspeak HOWTO</em> written by Jim Van Zandt is also a very good resource, although the document is limited to the Slackware distribution. The Emascspeak HOWTO is available online at: <a href="http://slackware.osuosl.org/slackware-3.3/docs/Emacspeak-HOWTO">http://slackware.osuosl.org/slackware-3.3/docs/Emacspeak-HOWTO</a>
</div><div class="para">
The following sections describe how to perform various tasks using <span class="application"><strong>Emacspeak</strong></span> and Fedora.
</div><div class="note"><div class="admonition_header"><h2>The Meta key</h2></div><div class="admonition"><div class="para">
At various points, the following sections refer to the <span class="keycap"><strong>Meta</strong></span> key. This key is fundamental to <span class="application"><strong>Emacs</strong></span> (and therefore <span class="application"><strong>Emacspeak</strong></span>) commands, but is very seldom found on modern keyboards. Most keyboard layouts map the <span class="keycap"><strong>Alt</strong></span> key to take the place of <span class="keycap"><strong>Meta</strong></span>.
</div></div></div><div class="section" id="news_with_Emacspeak"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h4 class="title" id="news_with_Emacspeak">4.4.1. Reading news using Fedora and Emacspeak</h4></div></div></div><div class="para">
<span class="application"><strong>Gnus</strong></span> is the news reader included with <span class="application"><strong>Emacspeak</strong></span>. <span class="application"><strong>Gnus</strong></span> gets the appropriate data from the <code class="filename">.newsrc</code> file in the user's home directory. To post and read news through <span class="application"><strong>Emacspeak</strong></span>, refer to <a href="http://www.gnus.org/">http://www.gnus.org/</a> for manuals, tutorials, HOWTOs, and more. To start <span class="application"><strong>Gnus</strong></span>, press <span class="keycap"><strong>Meta</strong></span>+<span class="keycap"><strong>X</strong></span>, then type <code class="command">gnus</code> and press <span class="keycap"><strong>Enter</strong></span>.
</div><div class="para">
This command displays all the newsgroups you are subscribed to. To select a newsgroup, highlight your selection and press the space bar. Next, specify how many articles you would like to open: type a number and press <span class="keycap"><strong>Enter</strong></span>. This splits the screen into two buffers. The top section is the summary buffer, the bottom section is the article buffer. You should now be able to read your news.
</div></div><div class="section" id="email_with_Emacspeak"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h4 class="title" id="email_with_Emacspeak">4.4.2. Sending and reading email using Fedora and Emacspeak</h4></div></div></div><div class="para">
There are several email clients available in <span class="application"><strong>Emacspeak</strong></span>. The <span class="application"><strong>Gnus</strong></span> utility can actually be used for both email and news. Press <span class="keycap"><strong>Meta</strong></span>+<span class="keycap"><strong>X</strong></span> to start <span class="application"><strong>Gnus</strong></span>, then press <span class="keycap"><strong>M</strong></span> to use the mail client.
</div><div class="para">
The easiest tool to use is <span class="application"><strong>RMAIL</strong></span>. To send a message using <span class="application"><strong>RMAIL</strong></span>, press <span class="keycap"><strong>Ctrl</strong></span>+<span class="keycap"><strong>X</strong></span>, then type <code class="command">rmail</code>. When you are in <span class="application"><strong>RMAIL</strong></span>, press <span class="keycap"><strong>M</strong></span>. Fill in the <code class="literal">To:</code> and <code class="literal">Subject:</code> fields. Put the body of the message below the line that reads <code class="literal">-text follows this line-</code>. To send the message when you are finished, press <span class="keycap"><strong>Ctrl</strong></span>+<span class="keycap"><strong>C</strong></span> twice in succession.
</div><div class="para">
To read a message using <span class="application"><strong>RMAIL</strong></span>, press <span class="keycap"><strong>Meta</strong></span>+<span class="keycap"><strong>X</strong></span>, then type <code class="command">rmail</code> and press <span class="keycap"><strong>Enter</strong></span>.
</div><div class="para">
For more information on using RMAIL visit <a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/html_node/emacs/Rmail.html">http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/html_node/emacs/Rmail.html</a>
</div></div><div class="section" id="Linux_commands_with_Emacspeak"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h4 class="title" id="Linux_commands_with_Emacspeak">4.4.3. Using <span class="application"><strong>Emacspeak</strong></span> to execute Linux shell commands</h4></div></div></div><div class="para">
It is not necessary to leave <span class="application"><strong>Emacspeak</strong></span> to execute a Linux command. To execute a command within <span class="application"><strong>Emacspeak</strong></span>, press <span class="keycap"><strong>Esc</strong></span>, then type <code class="literal">!</code> followed by the name of the command when <span class="application"><strong>Emacspeak</strong></span> prompts you. To exit the command output window, press <span class="keycap"><strong>Ctrl</strong></span>+<span class="keycap"><strong>X</strong></span>, followed by <span class="keycap"><strong>1</strong></span>
</div><div class="para">
This functionality is extremely useful. You can even print and compile files you are working on within <span class="application"><strong>Emacspeak</strong></span>. For more information on Linux shell commands refer to <em class="citetitle">Josh's Linux Guide</em> or any other comparable command resource.
</div><div class="para">
<em class="citetitle">Josh's Linux Guide</em> is available from <a href="http://linuxguide.sourceforge.net/linux-commands.html">http://linuxguide.sourceforge.net/linux-commands.html</a>
</div></div></div></div><div xml:lang="en-US" class="section" id="Screen_Magnifiers" lang="en-US"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h2 class="title" id="Screen_Magnifiers">5. Screen Magnifiers</h2></div></div></div><div class="para">
Screen magnifiers are just what they sound like, programs that considerably magnify portions of the computer screen so it can be more easily read.
</div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h3 class="title" id="id468659">5.1. KMagnifier</h3></div></div></div><div class="para">
In KDE, <span class="application"><strong>KMagnifier</strong></span>, or KMag, magnifies the area around the cursor or a user-defined area. You can also save a magnified portion of the screen to disk. Additional information can be found at <a href="http://kmag.sourceforge.net/">http://kmag.sourceforge.net/</a>
</div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h4 class="title" id="id511414">5.1.1. Installing KMagnifier</h4></div></div></div><div class="para">
In Fedora, <span class="application"><strong>KMagnifier</strong></span> is packaged in the <span class="package">kdeaccessibility</span> package. This package also contains <span class="application"><strong>kmousetool</strong></span>, <span class="application"><strong>kmouth</strong></span>, and <span class="application"><strong>ktts</strong></span>, all of which are discussed in other areas of this guide. To install <span class="package">kdeaccessibility</span> you can either select <span class="guilabel"><strong>System > Administration > Add/Remove Software</strong></span> and then type in kdeaccessibility in the screen that pops up or in a terminal window type <code class="command">su -c "yum install kdeaccessibility"</code>.
</div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h3 class="title" id="id459451">5.2. GNOME Magnifier</h3></div></div></div><div class="para">
In GNOME, <span class="application"><strong>GNOME Magnifier (gnome-mag)</strong></span> can be used at the command line but is more commonly used by other client applications or assistive technologies. <span class="application"><strong>GNOME Magnifier</strong></span> can be enabled alone or with <span class="application"><strong>Orca</strong></span> through <span class="guilabel"><strong>System > Preferences > Assistive Technologies</strong></span>.
</div></div></div><div xml:lang="en-US" class="section" id="Mouse_Tools" lang="en-US"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h2 class="title" id="Mouse_Tools">6. Mouse Tools</h2></div></div></div><div class="para">
Mouse tools allow the mouse to be used in different ways, and provide an alternate solution to people with limited mobility.
</div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h3 class="title" id="id471821">6.1. KMouseTool</h3></div></div></div><div class="para">
A program for KDE, <span class="application"><strong>KMouseTool,</strong></span> provides an alternate method for clicking the mouse by clicking the mouse whenever the cursor pauses and even provides a dragging capability. <span class="application"><strong>KMouseTool</strong></span> works with any mouse or pointing device.
</div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h4 class="title" id="id435170">6.1.1. Installing KMouseTool</h4></div></div></div><div class="para">
In Fedora, <span class="application"><strong>KMouseTool</strong></span> is packaged in the <span class="package">kdeaccessibility</span> package. This package also contains kmagnifier, kmouth, and ktts, all of which are discussed in other areas of this guide. To install <span class="package">kdeaccessibility</span> you can either select <span class="guilabel"><strong>System > Administration > Add/Remove Software</strong></span> and then type in <span class="package">kdeaccessibility</span> in the screen that pops up, or in a terminal window type su -c "yum install kdeaccessibility".
</div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h3 class="title" id="id500219">6.2. Mousetweaks</h3></div></div></div><div class="para">
Similar to KDE's <span class="application"><strong>KMouseTool</strong></span>, GNOME's <span class="application"><strong>Mousetweaks</strong></span> provides functions for simulated secondary clicks, dwell clicks, and pointer capture. Additional information on <span class="application"><strong>Mousetweaks</strong></span> can be found at <a href="http://library.gnome.org/users/mousetweaks/">http://library.gnome.org/users/mousetweaks/</a>
</div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h4 class="title" id="id457508">6.2.1. Installing Mousetweaks</h4></div></div></div><div class="para">
In Fedora, <span class="application"><strong>Mousetweaks</strong></span> is packaged and can be installed by selecting <span class="guilabel"><strong>System > Administration > Add/Remove Software</strong></span> and then typing <span class="package">Mousetweaks</span>; or in a terminal window, type su -c "yum install mousetweaks".
</div></div></div></div><div xml:lang="en-US" class="section" id="On_Screen_Keyboards" lang="en-US"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h2 class="title" id="On_Screen_Keyboards">7. On_Screen_Keyboards</h2></div></div></div><div class="para">
Many on screen keyboards have been created for environments with no keyboards such as wearable computers or palm devices. They are also very useful for accessibility enhancement when used with a mouse or no-hand tools such as a head-mouse or an eye-tracker. Some of tools included in Fedora are described in this section.
</div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h3 class="title" id="id479956">7.1. GNOME On-Screen Keyboard</h3></div></div></div><div class="para">
GNOME's On-Screen Keyboard or <code class="command">gok</code> provides an on screen tool for selecting windows as well as composing input. <span class="application"><strong>GOK</strong></span> can be enabled as the default mobility application by selecting <span class="guilabel"><strong>System > Preferences > Assistive Technologies</strong></span> then clicking the <span class="guilabel"><strong>Preferred Applications</strong></span> button and selecting the preferred mobility application. Additional information can be located at <a href="http://live.gnome.org/Gok">http://live.gnome.org/Gok</a>
</div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h3 class="title" id="id434035">7.2. Indic Onscreen Keyboard</h3></div></div></div><div class="para">
<span class="application"><strong>iok</strong></span> is Indic Onscreen Keyboard. It provides virtual keyboard functionality. It currently works with Inscript and xkb keymaps for Indian languages. The following keymaps are currently available: Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Marathi, Malayalam, Punjabi, Oriya, Tamil, Telugu. <span class="application"><strong>iok</strong></span> can even try to parse and display non-inscript keymaps. Visit <a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/iok/">http://sourceforge.net/projects/iok/</a> for more information on iok.
</div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h4 class="title" id="id436332">7.2.1. Installing <span class="application"><strong>iok</strong></span></h4></div></div></div><div class="para">
To install <span class="package">iok</span> in fedora, you can either select <span class="guilabel"><strong>System > Administration > Add/Remove Software</strong></span> on the GNOME panel, and then type iok in the screen that pops up; or alternatively type <code class="command">su -c "yum install iok"</code> in a terminal window.
</div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h3 class="title" id="id461812">7.3. Florence</h3></div></div></div><div class="para">
<span class="application"><strong>Florence</strong></span> is an extensible, scalable, virtual keyboard, whose sole requirement is a pointing device.
</div><div class="para">
Once enabled, <span class="application"><strong>Florence</strong></span> displays an icon in the notification area on the GNOME Panel. <span class="application"><strong>Florence</strong></span> can be sent to the background when it is not needed, making it a practical solution for screens of all sizes. To toggle whether <span class="application"><strong>Florence</strong></span> is displayed or hidden, just click the icon. Alternatively, <span class="application"><strong>Florence</strong></span> can be set to autohide until an editable area is selected. <span class="application"><strong>Florence</strong></span> can also be configured easily to be transparent, through the <span class="guilabel"><strong>Preferences</strong></span> dialogue. To edit all available <span class="guilabel"><strong>Preferences</strong></span>, right-click on the icon on the GNOME Panel, and choose <span class="guilabel"><strong>Preferences</strong></span> from the dropdown list.
</div><div class="para">
Additional information on <span class="package">Florence Virtual Keyboard</span> can be found at the project's homepage, <a href="http://florence.sourceforge.net">http://florence.sourceforge.net</a>. Once <span class="application"><strong>Florence</strong></span> is installed, to view full documentation right-click on the icon on the GNOME Panel, and choose <span class="guilabel"><strong>Help</strong></span> from the dropdown menu.
</div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h4 class="title" id="id508757">7.3.1. Installing Florence</h4></div></div></div><div class="para">
Florence is available in the fedora package repositories; to install either select <span class="guilabel"><strong>System > Administration > Add/Remove Software</strong></span> on the GNOME Desktop and then type <span class="package">florence</span> in the window that pops up, or type <code class="command">su -c "yum install florence"</code> in a terminal window.
</div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h3 class="title" id="id417495">7.4. Caribou</h3></div></div></div><div class="para">
Gnome's <span class="application"><strong>Caribou</strong></span> is an on-screen keyboard that is still in development. An alternative to the <span class="application"><strong>Gnome On-Screen Keyboard</strong></span>, <span class="application"><strong>Caribou</strong></span> is still a few months away from being available as a stable release. Additional information can be located at <a href="http://live.gnome.org/Caribou">http://live.gnome.org/Caribou</a>.
</div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h3 class="title" id="id417523">7.5. Dasher</h3></div></div></div><div class="para">
<span class="application"><strong>Dasher</strong></span> is an information-efficient text-entry interface, driven by natural continuous pointing gestures. <span class="application"><strong>Dasher</strong></span> is not really a "keyboard" but instead uses a zooming interface and a predictive language model with word completion. <span class="application"><strong>Dasher</strong></span> makes data entry easy by people utilizing a joystick, touchscreen, trackball, or mouse for one-handed operations. It can also be utilized by people using no-hand tools such as a head-mouse or an eye-tracker. Additional information on <span class="application"><strong>Dasher</strong></span> can be found at <a href="http://library.gnome.org/users/dasher/">http://library.gnome.org/users/dasher/</a>.
</div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h4 class="title" id="id438256">7.5.1. Installing Dasher</h4></div></div></div><div class="para">
In Fedora, <span class="package">Dasher</span> can be easily installed by either selecting <span class="guilabel"><strong>System > Administration > Add/Remove Software</strong></span> and then type in dasher in the screen that pops up or in a terminal window type <code class="command">su -c "yum install dasher"</code>.
</div></div></div></div><div xml:lang="en-US" class="section" id="Other_Tools" lang="en-US"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h2 class="title" id="Other_Tools">8. Other tools</h2></div></div></div><div class="para">
With so many tools available to Fedora users there are some that can not be placed in a specific category but need to be listed as they are sure to be useful!
</div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h3 class="title" id="id462733">8.1. Using BRLTTY with Fedora</h3></div></div></div><div class="para">
<span class="application"><strong>BRLTTY</strong></span> provides access to the Linux command line for blind people using refreshable braille displays. This tool provides complete screen review functionality and minimal speech capability. <span class="application"><strong>BRLTTY</strong></span> is available in Fedora repositories in RPM format. For information and documentation on <span class="application"><strong>BRLTTY</strong></span>, visit <a href="http://mielke.cc/brltty/">http://mielke.cc/brltty/</a>
</div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h3 class="title" id="id469291">8.2. KMouth</h3></div></div></div><div class="para">
Let your computer do the talking using <span class="application"><strong>KMouth</strong></span>! You can setup phrases you would like to say and your computer will speak them for you. You can even use your own phrasebooks. Visit <a href="http://www.schmi-dt.de/kmouth/index.en.html">http://www.schmi-dt.de/kmouth/index.en.html</a> for additional information on <span class="application"><strong>KMouth</strong></span>.
</div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h4 class="title" id="id473392">8.2.1. Installing KMouth</h4></div></div></div><div class="para">
In Fedora, <span class="application"><strong>KMouth</strong></span> is packaged in the <span class="package">kdeaccessibility</span> package. This package also contains kmagnifier, kmousetool, and ktts, all of which are discussed in other areas of this guide. To install <span class="package">kdeaccessibility</span> you can either select <span class="guilabel"><strong>System > Administration > Add/Remove Software</strong></span> and then type <span class="package">kdeaccessibility</span> in the screen that pops up or in a terminal window type su -c "yum install kdeaccessibility".
</div></div></div></div><div xml:lang="en-US" class="section" id="Desktops" lang="en-US"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h2 class="title" id="Desktops">9. Help for Linux Desktops</h2></div></div></div><div class="para">
Certain desktops have their own internal settings that can help with accessibility.
</div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h3 class="title" id="id466972">9.1. KDE</h3></div></div></div><div class="para">
In KDE, keyboard and mouse settings can be configured in kcontrol. These settings are available by selecting <span class="guilabel"><strong>Personalization > Accessibility</strong></span>. Additional information on Accessibility Tools in KDE can be found at <a href="http://accessibility.kde.org/">http://accessibility.kde.org/</a>
</div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h3 class="title" id="id463482">9.2. GNOME</h3></div></div></div><div class="para">
In GNOME, accessibility controls can be configured by selecting <span class="guilabel"><strong>System > Preferences > Assistive Technologies</strong></span>. Additional information on GNOME's accessibility tools can be found at <a href="http://library.gnome.org/users/gnome-access-guide/">http://library.gnome.org/users/gnome-access-guide/</a>
</div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h3 class="title" id="id467154">9.3. XFCE</h3></div></div></div><div class="para">
In XFCE, accessibility options for the keyboard and mouse can be configured in the Accessibility Settings dialogue. To access these settings from the graphical menus, select <span class="guilabel"><strong>Preferences > Accessibility</strong></span>. Alternative keyboard configurations, such as keyboard shortcuts, can be set by selecting <span class="guilabel"><strong>Preferences > Keyboard</strong></span>. Similarly, extra mouse related settings are available by selecting <span class="guilabel"><strong>Preferences > Mouse</strong></span>. Some minor additional accessibility options for XFCE can be found through <span class="guilabel"><strong>Preferences > Window Manager Tweaks</strong></span>.
</div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h3 class="title" id="id473900">9.4. Sugar: Making computing accessible for children.</h3></div></div></div><div class="para">
The <span class="package">Sugar Learning Platform</span> is an innovative learning interface for children, which encourages learning, critical thinking, and creativity. <span class="package">Sugar</span> was originally created for the OLPC (One Laptop Per Child) initiative. The traditional "office-desktop" style computer interface can be quite intimidating and is often not very accessible for children who are learning to read and write. <span class="package">Sugar</span> offers an alternative, more child-friendly approach to learning and computing.
</div><div class="para">
To install the <span class="package">Sugar</span> platform in fedora, you can either select <span class="guilabel"><strong>System > Administration > Add/Remove Software</strong></span> on the GNOME panel, and then type <span class="package">sugar</span> in the screen that pops up; or alternatively type <code class="command">su -c "yum install sugar"</code> in a terminal. There is also an alternate version of Fedora featuring the Sugar Platform, known as <span class="package">Sugar on a Stick</span> It is available at <a href="http://spins.fedoraproject.org/soas/">http://spins.fedoraproject.org/soas/</a>
</div><div class="para">
Various <span class="package">Sugar Activities</span> are also available through the Fedora package repositories. To browse the available sugar activities through the GNOME package manager, select <span class="guilabel"><strong>System > Administration > Add/Remove Software</strong></span> on the GNOME panel, and then type <code class="command">sugar-</code> in the screen that pops up; you will be presented with a list of packages relating to <span class="package">Sugar</span>. Alternatively, type <code class="command">su -c "yum install sugar-"</code> in a terminal window.
</div><div class="para">
More information on <span class="package">Sugar</span> for learners, parents, teachers, and contributors can be found at the official website, <a href="http://sugarlabs.org/">http://sugarlabs.org/</a>
</div></div></div><div xml:lang="en-US" class="section" id="moreinfo" lang="en-US"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h2 class="title" id="moreinfo">10. Finding more information on Linux accessibility</h2></div></div></div><div class="para">
The following documents offer helpful suggestions for making Linux more accessible:
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
<em class="citetitle">Linux Accessibility HOWTO</em>: <a href="http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Accessibility-HOWTO/">http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Accessibility-HOWTO/</a>
</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
<em class="citetitle">Keyboard-and-Console-HOWTO</em>: <a href="http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Keyboard-and-Console-HOWTO.html">http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Keyboard-and-Console-HOWTO.html</a>
</div></li></ul></div>
</div><div class="para">
Additional links that might be helpful include:
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
The Speakup Project: <a href="http://www.linux-speakup.org/">http://www.linux-speakup.org/</a>
</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
Trace Center: <a href="http://trace.wisc.edu/">http://trace.wisc.edu/</a>
</div></li><li class="listitem"><div class="para">
Blinux: <a href="http://leb.net/blinux/">http://leb.net/blinux/</a>
</div></li></ul></div>
</div></div><div xml:lang="en-US" class="section" lang="en-US"><div class="titlepage"><div><div keep-together.within-column="always"><h2 class="title" id="id383498">11. We Need Feedback!</h2></div></div></div><a id="id513763" class="indexterm"></a><div class="para">
If you find a typographical error in this manual, or if you have thought of a way to make this manual better, we would love to hear from you! Please submit a report in Bugzilla: <a href="http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla/">http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla/</a> against the product <span class="application"><strong>&PRODUCT;.</strong></span>
</div><div class="para">
When submitting a bug report, be sure to mention the manual's identifier: <em class="citetitle">&BOOKID;</em>
</div><div class="para">
If you have a suggestion for improving the documentation, try to be as specific as possible when describing it. If you have found an error, please include the section number and some of the surrounding text so we can find it easily.
</div></div><div xml:lang="en-US" class="appendix" id="id459861" lang="en-US"><h2 class="title">A. Revision History</h2><div class="para">
<div class="revhistory"><table border="0" width="100%" summary="Revision history"><tr><th align="left" valign="top" colspan="3"><strong>Revision History</strong></th></tr><tr><td align="left">Revision 14.0-2</td><td align="left">Sun Feb 13 2011</td><td align="left"><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Eric</span> <span class="surname">Christensen</span></span></td></tr><tr><td align="left" colspan="3">
<table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td>Bumping version number</td></tr></table>
</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Revision 0.14-1</td><td align="left">Wed Apr 21 2010</td><td align="left"><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Gerard</span> <span class="surname">Ryan</span></span></td></tr><tr><td align="left" colspan="3">
<table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td>Fixed Revision History</td></tr><tr><td>Added information on Indic Onscreen Keyboard.</td></tr><tr><td>Added information on Florence Virtual Keyboard.</td></tr><tr><td>Added information on Jovie for KDE.</td></tr><tr><td>Added information on XFCE and Sugar Desktops.</td></tr></table>
</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Revision 0.13-1</td><td align="left">Wed Apr 21 2010</td><td align="left"><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Gerard</span> <span class="surname">Ryan</span></span></td></tr><tr><td align="left" colspan="3">
<table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td>Grammar updates.</td></tr></table>
</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Revision 0.12-1</td><td align="left">Mon Mar 06 2010</td><td align="left"><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Joseph</span> <span class="surname">Allen</span></span></td></tr><tr><td align="left" colspan="3">
<table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td>Updated section 4.3.2 to fix inconsistent instructions.</td></tr></table>
</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Revision 0.11-1</td><td align="left">Sat Nov 28 2009</td><td align="left"><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Eric</span> <span class="surname">Christensen</span></span></td></tr><tr><td align="left" colspan="3">
<table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td>Commented out Emacspeak sections that still need work.</td></tr><tr><td>Changed to be the official version for Fedora 12.</td></tr></table>
</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Revision 0.10-1</td><td align="left">Sat Nov 28 2009</td><td align="left"><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Susan</span> <span class="surname">Lauber</span></span></td></tr><tr><td align="left" colspan="3">
<table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td>Made some minor readability, grammar, and style edits.</td></tr><tr><td>Added a number of markup additions for consistency.</td></tr><tr><td>Added information on enabling Orca in GNOME to the Screen_Readers section.</td></tr><tr><td>Added information on GNOME Magnifier to the Screen_Magnifiers section.</td></tr><tr><td>Moved On Screen Keyboards to their own section to clean up Other Tools.</td></tr><tr><td>Added information on gok (GNOME On-Screen Keyboard).</td></tr></table>
</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Revision 0.9-1</td><td align="left">Sun Nov 22 2009</td><td align="left"><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Eric</span> <span class="surname">Christensen</span></span></td></tr><tr><td align="left" colspan="3">
<table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td>Added Gnome features Dasher and Caribou.</td></tr><tr><td>Commented out dated information on how Red Hat and Fedora had or had not tested some of the FOSS solutions.</td></tr></table>
</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Revision 0.8-1</td><td align="left">Mon Nov 09 2009</td><td align="left"><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Eric</span> <span class="surname">Christensen</span></span></td></tr><tr><td align="left" colspan="3">
<table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td>Modified the "screen readers" section.</td></tr><tr><td>Removed link to KMouseTools and it was broken.</td></tr></table>
</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Revision 0.7-1</td><td align="left">Sun Nov 08 2009</td><td align="left"><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Susan </span> <span class="surname">Lauber</span></span></td></tr><tr><td align="left" colspan="3">
<table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td>Various style edits (tense, spelling, etc.)</td></tr><tr><td>Added markup for menuitems</td></tr></table>
</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Revision 0.6-1</td><td align="left">Sun Nov 08 2009</td><td align="left"><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Eric </span> <span class="surname">Christensen</span></span></td></tr><tr><td align="left" colspan="3">
<table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td>Created "Mouse Tools" section, moved KMouseTools to that section, and added Mousetweaks.</td></tr><tr><td>Added GNOME information in the "Desktops" section.</td></tr><tr><td>Added comments to Tools.xml for further editing.</td></tr></table>
</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Revision 0.5-1</td><td align="left">Wed Nov 07 2009</td><td align="left"><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Eric </span> <span class="surname">Christensen</span></span></td></tr><tr><td align="left" colspan="3">
<table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td>Created "Other Tools" section and added BRLTTY, KMouth, and KMouseTool to that section.</td></tr><tr><td>Created "Screen Magnifiers" section and added KMagnifier.</td></tr><tr><td>Created "Desktops" section and added KDE. This section will include specific Desktop accessibility controls.</td></tr></table>
</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Revision 0.4-1</td><td align="left">Wed Nov 04 2009</td><td align="left"><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Eric </span> <span class="surname">Christensen</span></span></td></tr><tr><td align="left" colspan="3">
<table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td>Combined Speakup and Emacspeak into the Screen Readers section.</td></tr></table>
</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Revision 0.3-1</td><td align="left">Thu Aug 20 2009</td><td align="left"><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Rüdiger </span> <span class="surname">Landmann</span></span></td></tr><tr><td align="left" colspan="3">
<table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td>Extra XML markup.</td></tr></table>
</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Revision 0.2-1</td><td align="left">Thu Aug 20 2009</td><td align="left"><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Eric</span> <span class="surname">Christensen</span></span></td></tr><tr><td align="left" colspan="3">
<table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td>Updated links and added information on Emacspeak.</td></tr></table>
</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Revision 0.1-1</td><td align="left">Thu Aug 6 2009</td><td align="left"><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Eric</span> <span class="surname">Christensen</span></span></td></tr><tr><td align="left" colspan="3">
<table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td>Publicanized all information in the Accessibility Guide</td></tr></table>
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