<!--Copyright (C) 1988-2005 by the Institute of Global Environment and Society (IGES). See file COPYRIGHT for more information.--> <html> <head> <title>GrADS Function: sum</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="GrADS.css" type="text/css"> </head> <body bgcolor="e0f0ff" text="#000000"> <h2><b>sum()</b></h2> <p> <code>sum (<i>expr, dim1, dim2, <,tinc></i> <,-b>)</code> <p> <p> Sums the result of <code><i>expr</i></code> over the specified dimension range. If the summing dimension is time, an optional time increment <code><i>tincr</i></code> may be specified. <p> <ul> <code><i>expr</i> </code>- any valid GrADS expression <br> <code><i>dim1</i> </code>- the start point for the sum<br> <code><i>dim2</i> </code>- the end point for the sum<br> <code><i>tinc</i> </code>- optional increment for time summing<br> <code>-b </code>- use exact boundaries<br> </ul> <p> <code><i>dim1</i></code> and <code><i>dim2</i></code> are standard GrADS dimension expressions whose dimensions must match. <p> <h3>Usage Notes</h3><p> <p> <ol> <li>The limits and intervals of the summing are set according to the grid coordinates of the default file. If <code><i>dim1</i></code> and <code><i>dim2</i></code> are specified in world coordinates, the coordinates are converted to the nearest integer grid coordinates based on the scaling of the default file. <p> <li>The end points are given normal weighting, unless the <code>-b</code> boundary flag is specified. The boundry flag indicates that the sum should be taken to the exact boundaries specified by <code><i>dim1</i></code> and <code><i>dim2</i></code>, rather than the nearest grid points. <p> <li>In the Y dimension, when the boundary is beyond the pole, the <code>asum</code> function recognizes this and weights appropriately. To calculate an sum without any weighting, use the <code><a href="gradfuncsumg.html">sumg</a></code> function. <p> </ol> <p> <h3>Examples</h3> </body> </html> <!--Copyright (C) 1988-2005 by the Institute of Global Environment and Society (IGES). See file COPYRIGHT for more information.-->