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<div class="section" id="query-syntax">
<h1>8.10.1. Query syntax<a class="headerlink" href="#query-syntax" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p>Query syntax is a syntax to specify search condition for common Web
search form. It is similar to the syntax of Google's search form. For
example, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">word1</span> <span class="pre">word2</span></tt> means that groonga searches records that
contain both <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">word1</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">word2</span></tt>. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">word1</span> <span class="pre">OR</span> <span class="pre">word2</span></tt> means that
groogna searches records that contain either <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">word1</span></tt> or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">word2</span></tt>.</p>
<p>Query syntax consists of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">conditional</span> <span class="pre">expression</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">combind</span>
<span class="pre">expression</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">assignment</span> <span class="pre">expression</span></tt>. Nomrally <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">assignment</span>
<span class="pre">expression</span></tt> can be ignored. Because <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">assignment</span> <span class="pre">expression</span></tt> is
disabled in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--query</span></tt> option of <a class="reference internal" href="../commands/select.html"><em>select</em></a>. You can use
it if you use groonga as library and customize query syntax parser
options.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Conditinal</span> <span class="pre">expression</span></tt> specifies an condition. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Combinded</span>
<span class="pre">expression</span></tt> consists of one or more <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">conditional</span> <span class="pre">expression</span></tt>,
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">combined</span> <span class="pre">expression</span></tt> or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">assignment</span> <span class="pre">expression</span></tt>. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Assignment</span>
<span class="pre">expression</span></tt> can assigns a column to a value.</p>
<div class="section" id="sample-data">
<h2>8.10.1.1. Sample data<a class="headerlink" href="#sample-data" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Here are a schema definition and sample data to show usage.</p>
<p>Execution example:</p>
<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre>table_create Entries TABLE_PAT_KEY ShortText
# [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
column_create Entries content COLUMN_SCALAR Text
# [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
column_create Entries n_likes COLUMN_SCALAR UInt32
# [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
table_create Terms TABLE_PAT_KEY|KEY_NORMALIZE ShortText --default_tokenizer TokenBigram
# [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
column_create Terms entries_key_index COLUMN_INDEX|WITH_POSITION Entries _key
# [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
column_create Terms entries_content_index COLUMN_INDEX|WITH_POSITION Entries content
# [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
load --table Entries
[
{"_key": "The first post!",
"content": "Welcome! This is my first post!",
"n_likes": 5},
{"_key": "Groonga",
"content": "I started to use groonga. It's very fast!",
"n_likes": 10},
{"_key": "Mroonga",
"content": "I also started to use mroonga. It's also very fast! Really fast!",
"n_likes": 15},
{"_key": "Good-bye Senna",
"content": "I migrated all Senna system!",
"n_likes": 3},
{"_key": "Good-bye Tritonn",
"content": "I also migrated all Tritonn system!",
"n_likes": 3}
]
# [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], 5]
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>There is a table, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Entries</span></tt>, for blog entries. An entry has title,
content and the number of likes for the entry. Title is key of
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Entries</span></tt>. Content is value of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Entries.content</span></tt> column. The
number of likes is value of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Entries.n_likes</span></tt> column.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Entries._key</span></tt> column and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Entries.content</span></tt> column are indexed
using <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">TokenBigram</span></tt> tokenizer. So both <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Entries._key</span></tt> and
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Entries.content</span></tt> are fulltext search ready.</p>
<p>OK. The schema and data for examples are ready.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="escape">
<h2>8.10.1.2. Escape<a class="headerlink" href="#escape" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>There are special characters in query syntax. To use a special
character as itself, it should be escaped by prepending <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">\</span></tt>. For
example, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">"</span></tt> is a special character. It is escaped as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">\"</span></tt>.</p>
<p>Here is a special character list:</p>
<blockquote>
<div><ul class="simple">
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">[space]</span></tt> (escaped as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">[backquote][space]</span></tt>) (You should
substitute <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">[space]</span></tt> with a white space character that is 0x20
in ASCII and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">[backquote]</span></tt> with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">\\</span></tt>.)</li>
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">"</span></tt> (escaped as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">\"</span></tt>)</li>
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'</span></tt> (escaped as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">\'</span></tt>)</li>
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(</span></tt> (escaped as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">\(</span></tt>)</li>
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">)</span></tt> (escaped as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">\)</span></tt>)</li>
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">\</span></tt> (escaped as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">\\</span></tt>)</li>
</ul>
</div></blockquote>
<p>You can use quote instead of escape. Quote syntax is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">"..."</span></tt> or
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'...'</span></tt>. You need escape <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">"</span></tt> as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">\"</span></tt> in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">"..."</span></tt> quote syntax.
You need escape <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'</span></tt> as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">\'</span></tt> in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'...'</span></tt> quote syntax. For
example, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Alice's</span> <span class="pre">brother</span> <span class="pre">(Bob)</span></tt> can be quoted <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">"Alice's</span> <span class="pre">brother</span>
<span class="pre">(Bob)"</span></tt> or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'Alice\'s</span> <span class="pre">brother</span> <span class="pre">(Bob)'</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="conditional-expression">
<span id="id1"></span><h2>8.10.1.3. Conditional expression<a class="headerlink" href="#conditional-expression" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Here is available conditional expression list.</p>
<div class="section" id="full-text-search-condition">
<span id="id2"></span><h3>8.10.1.3.1. Full text search condition<a class="headerlink" href="#full-text-search-condition" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Its syntax is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">keyword</span></tt>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Full</span> <span class="pre">text</span> <span class="pre">search</span> <span class="pre">condition</span></tt> specifies a full text search condition
against the default match columns. Match columns are full text search
target columns.</p>
<p>You should specify the default match columns for full text
search. They can be specified by <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--match_columns</span></tt> option of
<a class="reference internal" href="../commands/select.html"><em>select</em></a>. If you don't specify the default match
columns, this conditional expression fails.</p>
<p>This conditional expression does full text search with
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">keyword</span></tt>. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">keyword</span></tt> should not contain any spaces. If <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">keyword</span></tt>
contains a space such as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">search</span> <span class="pre">keyword</span></tt>, it means two full text
search conditions; <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">search</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">keyword</span></tt>. If you want to
specifies a keyword that contains one or more spaces, you can use
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">phrase</span> <span class="pre">search</span> <span class="pre">condition</span></tt> that is described below.</p>
<p>Here is a simple exmaple.</p>
<p>Execution example:</p>
<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre>select Entries --match_columns content --query fast
# [
# [
# 0,
# 1337566253.89858,
# 0.000355720520019531
# ],
# [
# [
# [
# 2
# ],
# [
# [
# "_id",
# "UInt32"
# ],
# [
# "_key",
# "ShortText"
# ],
# [
# "content",
# "Text"
# ],
# [
# "n_likes",
# "UInt32"
# ]
# ],
# [
# 2,
# "Groonga",
# "I started to use groonga. It's very fast!",
# 10
# ],
# [
# 3,
# "Mroonga",
# "I also started to use mroonga. It's also very fast! Really fast!",
# 15
# ]
# ]
# ]
# ]
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The expression matches records that contain a word <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">fast</span></tt> in
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">content</span></tt> column value.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">content</span></tt> column is the default match column.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="phrase-search-condition">
<span id="id3"></span><h3>8.10.1.3.2. Phrase search condition<a class="headerlink" href="#phrase-search-condition" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Its syntax is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">"search</span> <span class="pre">keyword"</span></tt>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Phrase</span> <span class="pre">search</span> <span class="pre">condition</span></tt> specifies a phrase search condition
against the default match columns.</p>
<p>You should specify the default match columns for full text
search. They can be specified by <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--match_columns</span></tt> option of
<a class="reference internal" href="../commands/select.html"><em>select</em></a>. If you don't specify the default match
columns, this conditional expression fails.</p>
<p>This conditional expression does phrase search with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">search</span>
<span class="pre">keyword</span></tt>. Phrase search searches records that contain <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">search</span></tt> and
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">keyword</span></tt> and those terms are appeared in the same order and
adjacent. Thus, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Put</span> <span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">search</span> <span class="pre">keyword</span> <span class="pre">in</span> <span class="pre">the</span> <span class="pre">form</span></tt> is matched but
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Search</span> <span class="pre">by</span> <span class="pre">the</span> <span class="pre">keyword</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">There</span> <span class="pre">is</span> <span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">keyword.</span> <span class="pre">Search</span> <span class="pre">by</span> <span class="pre">it!</span></tt>
aren't matched.</p>
<p>Here is a simple exmaple.</p>
<p>Execution example:</p>
<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre>select Entries --match_columns content --query '"I started"'
# [
# [
# 0,
# 1337566253.89858,
# 0.000355720520019531
# ],
# [
# [
# [
# 1
# ],
# [
# [
# "_id",
# "UInt32"
# ],
# [
# "_key",
# "ShortText"
# ],
# [
# "content",
# "Text"
# ],
# [
# "n_likes",
# "UInt32"
# ]
# ],
# [
# 2,
# "Groonga",
# "I started to use groonga. It's very fast!",
# 10
# ]
# ]
# ]
# ]
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The expression matches records that contain a phrase <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">I</span> <span class="pre">started</span></tt> in
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">content</span></tt> column value. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">I</span> <span class="pre">also</span> <span class="pre">started</span></tt> isn't matched because
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">I</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">started</span></tt> aren't adjacent.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">content</span></tt> column is the default match column.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="full-text-search-condition-with-explicit-match-column">
<h3>8.10.1.3.3. Full text search condition (with explicit match column)<a class="headerlink" href="#full-text-search-condition-with-explicit-match-column" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Its syntax is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column:@keyword</span></tt>.</p>
<p>It's similar to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">full</span> <span class="pre">text</span> <span class="pre">search</span> <span class="pre">condition</span></tt> but it doesn't require
the default match columns. You need to specify match column for the
full text search condition by <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column:</span></tt> instead of
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--match_columns</span></tt> option of <a class="reference internal" href="../commands/select.html"><em>select</em></a>.</p>
<p>This condtional expression is useful when you want to use two or more
full text search against different columns. The default match columns
specified by <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--match_columns</span></tt> option can't be specified multiple
times. You need to specify the second match column by this conditional
expression.</p>
<p>The different between <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">full</span> <span class="pre">text</span> <span class="pre">search</span> <span class="pre">condition</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">full</span> <span class="pre">text</span>
<span class="pre">search</span> <span class="pre">condition</span> <span class="pre">(with</span> <span class="pre">explicit</span> <span class="pre">match</span> <span class="pre">column)</span></tt> is whether advanced
match columns are supported or not. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Full</span> <span class="pre">text</span> <span class="pre">search</span> <span class="pre">condition</span></tt>
supports advanced match columns but <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">full</span> <span class="pre">text</span> <span class="pre">search</span> <span class="pre">condition</span> <span class="pre">(with</span>
<span class="pre">explicit</span> <span class="pre">match</span> <span class="pre">column)</span></tt> isn't supported. Advanced match columns has
the following features:</p>
<blockquote>
<div><ul class="simple">
<li>Weight is supported.</li>
<li>Using multiple columns are supported.</li>
<li>Using index column as a match column is supported.</li>
</ul>
</div></blockquote>
<p>See description of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--match_columns</span></tt> option of
<a class="reference internal" href="../commands/select.html"><em>select</em></a> about them.</p>
<p>Here is a simple exmaple.</p>
<p>Execution example:</p>
<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre>select Entries --query content:@fast
# [
# [
# 0,
# 1337566253.89858,
# 0.000355720520019531
# ],
# [
# [
# [
# 2
# ],
# [
# [
# "_id",
# "UInt32"
# ],
# [
# "_key",
# "ShortText"
# ],
# [
# "content",
# "Text"
# ],
# [
# "n_likes",
# "UInt32"
# ]
# ],
# [
# 2,
# "Groonga",
# "I started to use groonga. It's very fast!",
# 10
# ],
# [
# 3,
# "Mroonga",
# "I also started to use mroonga. It's also very fast! Really fast!",
# 15
# ]
# ]
# ]
# ]
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The expression matches records that contain a word <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">fast</span></tt> in
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">content</span></tt> column value.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="phrase-search-condition-with-explicit-match-column">
<h3>8.10.1.3.4. Phrase search condition (with explicit match column)<a class="headerlink" href="#phrase-search-condition-with-explicit-match-column" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Its syntax is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column:@"search</span> <span class="pre">keyword"</span></tt>.</p>
<p>It's similar to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">phrase</span> <span class="pre">search</span> <span class="pre">condition</span></tt> but it doesn't require the
default match columns. You need to specify match column for the phrase
search condition by <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column:</span></tt> instead of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--match_columns</span></tt> option
of <a class="reference internal" href="../commands/select.html"><em>select</em></a>.</p>
<p>The different between <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">phrase</span> <span class="pre">search</span> <span class="pre">condition</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">phrase</span> <span class="pre">search</span>
<span class="pre">condition</span> <span class="pre">(with</span> <span class="pre">explicit</span> <span class="pre">match</span> <span class="pre">column)</span></tt> is similar to between <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">full</span>
<span class="pre">text</span> <span class="pre">search</span> <span class="pre">condition</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">full</span> <span class="pre">text</span> <span class="pre">search</span> <span class="pre">condition</span> <span class="pre">(with</span>
<span class="pre">explicit</span> <span class="pre">match</span> <span class="pre">column)</span></tt>. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Phrase</span> <span class="pre">search</span> <span class="pre">condition</span></tt> supports
advanced match columns but <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">phrase</span> <span class="pre">search</span> <span class="pre">condition</span> <span class="pre">(with</span> <span class="pre">explicit</span>
<span class="pre">match</span> <span class="pre">column)</span></tt> isn't supported. See description of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">full</span> <span class="pre">text</span> <span class="pre">search</span>
<span class="pre">condition</span> <span class="pre">(with</span> <span class="pre">explicit</span> <span class="pre">match</span> <span class="pre">column)</span></tt> about advanced match columns.</p>
<p>Here is a simple exmaple.</p>
<p>Execution example:</p>
<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre>select Entries --query 'content:@"I started"'
# [
# [
# 0,
# 1337566253.89858,
# 0.000355720520019531
# ],
# [
# [
# [
# 1
# ],
# [
# [
# "_id",
# "UInt32"
# ],
# [
# "_key",
# "ShortText"
# ],
# [
# "content",
# "Text"
# ],
# [
# "n_likes",
# "UInt32"
# ]
# ],
# [
# 2,
# "Groonga",
# "I started to use groonga. It's very fast!",
# 10
# ]
# ]
# ]
# ]
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The expression matches records that contain a phrase <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">I</span> <span class="pre">started</span></tt> in
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">content</span></tt> column value. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">I</span> <span class="pre">also</span> <span class="pre">started</span></tt> isn't matched because
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">I</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">started</span></tt> aren't adjacent.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="prefix-search-condition">
<span id="id4"></span><h3>8.10.1.3.5. Prefix search condition<a class="headerlink" href="#prefix-search-condition" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Its syntax is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column:^value</span></tt> or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">value*</span></tt>.</p>
<p>This conditional expression does prefix search with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">value</span></tt>. Prefix
search searches records that contain a word that starts with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">value</span></tt>.</p>
<p>You can use fast prefix search against a column. The column must be
indexed and index table must be patricia trie table
(<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">TABLE_PAT_KEY</span></tt>) or double array trie table
(<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">TABLE_DAT_KEY</span></tt>). You can also use fast prefix search against
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">_key</span></tt> pseudo column of patricia trie table or double array trie
table. You don't need to index <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">_key</span></tt>.</p>
<p>Prefix search can be used with other table types but it causes all
records scan. It's not problem for small records but it spends more
time for large records.</p>
<p>It doesn't require the default match columns such as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">full</span> <span class="pre">text</span>
<span class="pre">search</span> <span class="pre">condition</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">phrase</span> <span class="pre">search</span> <span class="pre">condition</span></tt>.</p>
<p>Here is a simple exmaple.</p>
<p>Execution example:</p>
<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre>select Entries --query '_key:^Goo'
# [
# [
# 0,
# 1337566253.89858,
# 0.000355720520019531
# ],
# [
# [
# [
# 2
# ],
# [
# [
# "_id",
# "UInt32"
# ],
# [
# "_key",
# "ShortText"
# ],
# [
# "content",
# "Text"
# ],
# [
# "n_likes",
# "UInt32"
# ]
# ],
# [
# 5,
# "Good-bye Tritonn",
# "I also migrated all Tritonn system!",
# 3
# ],
# [
# 4,
# "Good-bye Senna",
# "I migrated all Senna system!",
# 3
# ]
# ]
# ]
# ]
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The expression matches records that contain a word that starts with
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Goo</span></tt> in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">_key</span></tt> pseudo column value. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Good-bye</span> <span class="pre">Senna</span></tt> and
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Good-bye</span> <span class="pre">Tritonn</span></tt> are matched with the expression.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="suffix-search-condition">
<span id="id5"></span><h3>8.10.1.3.6. Suffix search condition<a class="headerlink" href="#suffix-search-condition" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Its syntax is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column:$value</span></tt>.</p>
<p>This conditional expression does suffix search with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">value</span></tt>. Suffix
search searches records that contain a word that ends with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">value</span></tt>.</p>
<p>You can use fast suffix search against a column. The column must be
indexed and index table must be patricia trie table
(<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">TABLE_PAT_KEY</span></tt>) with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">KEY_WITH_SIS</span></tt> flag. You can also use fast
suffix search against <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">_key</span></tt> pseudo column of patricia trie table
(<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">TABLE_PAT_KEY</span></tt>) with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">KEY_WITH_SIS</span></tt> flag. You don't need to
index <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">_key</span></tt>. We recommended that you use index column based fast
suffix search instead of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">_key</span></tt> based fast suffix search. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">_key</span></tt>
based fast suffix search returns automatically registered
substrings. (TODO: write document about suffix search and link to it
from here.)</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">Fast suffix search can be used only for non-ASCII characters such
as hiragana in Japanese. You cannot use fast suffix search for
ASCII character.</p>
</div>
<p>Suffix search can be used with other table types or patricia trie
table without <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">KEY_WITH_SIS</span></tt> flag but it causes all records
scan. It's not problem for small records but it spends more time for
large records.</p>
<p>It doesn't require the default match columns such as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">full</span> <span class="pre">text</span>
<span class="pre">search</span> <span class="pre">condition</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">phrase</span> <span class="pre">search</span> <span class="pre">condition</span></tt>.</p>
<p>Here is a simple exmaple. It uses fast suffix search for hiragana in
Japanese that is one of non-ASCII characters.</p>
<p>Execution example:</p>
<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre>table_create Titles TABLE_NO_KEY
# [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
column_create Titles content COLUMN_SCALAR ShortText
# [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
table_create SuffixSearchTerms TABLE_PAT_KEY|KEY_WITH_SIS ShortText
# [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
column_create SuffixSearchTerms index COLUMN_INDEX Titles content
# [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
load --table Titles
[
{"content": "ぐるんが"},
{"content": "むるんが"},
{"content": "せな"},
{"content": "とりとん"}
]
# [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], 4]
select Titles --query 'content:$んが'
# [
# [
# 0,
# 1337566253.89858,
# 0.000355720520019531
# ],
# [
# [
# [
# 2
# ],
# [
# [
# "_id",
# "UInt32"
# ],
# [
# "content",
# "ShortText"
# ]
# ],
# [
# 2,
# "むるんが"
# ],
# [
# 1,
# "ぐるんが"
# ]
# ]
# ]
# ]
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The expression matches records that have value that ends with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">んが</span></tt>
in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">content</span></tt> column value. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ぐるんが</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">むるんが</span></tt> are matched
with the expression.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="equal-condition">
<h3>8.10.1.3.7. Equal condition<a class="headerlink" href="#equal-condition" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Its syntax is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column:value</span></tt>.</p>
<p>It matches records that <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column</span></tt> value is equal to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">value</span></tt>.</p>
<p>It doesn't require the default match columns such as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">full</span> <span class="pre">text</span>
<span class="pre">search</span> <span class="pre">condition</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">phrase</span> <span class="pre">search</span> <span class="pre">condition</span></tt>.</p>
<p>Here is a simple exmaple.</p>
<p>Execution example:</p>
<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre>select Entries --query _key:Groonga
# [
# [
# 0,
# 1337566253.89858,
# 0.000355720520019531
# ],
# [
# [
# [
# 1
# ],
# [
# [
# "_id",
# "UInt32"
# ],
# [
# "_key",
# "ShortText"
# ],
# [
# "content",
# "Text"
# ],
# [
# "n_likes",
# "UInt32"
# ]
# ],
# [
# 2,
# "Groonga",
# "I started to use groonga. It's very fast!",
# 10
# ]
# ]
# ]
# ]
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The expression matches records that <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">_key</span></tt> column value is
equal to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Groonga</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="not-equal-condition">
<h3>8.10.1.3.8. Not equal condition<a class="headerlink" href="#not-equal-condition" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Its syntax is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column:!value</span></tt>.</p>
<p>It matches records that <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column</span></tt> value isn't equal to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">value</span></tt>.</p>
<p>It doesn't require the default match columns such as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">full</span> <span class="pre">text</span>
<span class="pre">search</span> <span class="pre">condition</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">phrase</span> <span class="pre">search</span> <span class="pre">condition</span></tt>.</p>
<p>Here is a simple exmaple.</p>
<p>Execution example:</p>
<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre>select Entries --query _key:!Groonga
# [
# [
# 0,
# 1337566253.89858,
# 0.000355720520019531
# ],
# [
# [
# [
# 4
# ],
# [
# [
# "_id",
# "UInt32"
# ],
# [
# "_key",
# "ShortText"
# ],
# [
# "content",
# "Text"
# ],
# [
# "n_likes",
# "UInt32"
# ]
# ],
# [
# 4,
# "Good-bye Senna",
# "I migrated all Senna system!",
# 3
# ],
# [
# 5,
# "Good-bye Tritonn",
# "I also migrated all Tritonn system!",
# 3
# ],
# [
# 3,
# "Mroonga",
# "I also started to use mroonga. It's also very fast! Really fast!",
# 15
# ],
# [
# 1,
# "The first post!",
# "Welcome! This is my first post!",
# 5
# ]
# ]
# ]
# ]
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The expression matches records that <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">_key</span></tt> column value is not equal
to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Groonga</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="less-than-condition">
<h3>8.10.1.3.9. Less than condition<a class="headerlink" href="#less-than-condition" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Its syntax is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column:<value</span></tt>.</p>
<p>It matches records that <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column</span></tt> value is less than <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">value</span></tt>.</p>
<p>If <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column</span></tt> type is numerical type such as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Int32</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column</span></tt>
value and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">value</span></tt> are compared as number. If <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column</span></tt> type is text
type such as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ShortText</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column</span></tt> value and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">value</span></tt> are
compared as bit sequence.</p>
<p>It doesn't require the default match columns such as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">full</span> <span class="pre">text</span>
<span class="pre">search</span> <span class="pre">condition</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">phrase</span> <span class="pre">search</span> <span class="pre">condition</span></tt>.</p>
<p>Here is a simple exmaple.</p>
<p>Execution example:</p>
<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre>select Entries --query n_likes:<10
# [
# [
# 0,
# 1337566253.89858,
# 0.000355720520019531
# ],
# [
# [
# [
# 3
# ],
# [
# [
# "_id",
# "UInt32"
# ],
# [
# "_key",
# "ShortText"
# ],
# [
# "content",
# "Text"
# ],
# [
# "n_likes",
# "UInt32"
# ]
# ],
# [
# 4,
# "Good-bye Senna",
# "I migrated all Senna system!",
# 3
# ],
# [
# 5,
# "Good-bye Tritonn",
# "I also migrated all Tritonn system!",
# 3
# ],
# [
# 1,
# "The first post!",
# "Welcome! This is my first post!",
# 5
# ]
# ]
# ]
# ]
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The expression matches records that <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">n_likes</span></tt> column value is less
than <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">10</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="greater-than-condition">
<h3>8.10.1.3.10. Greater than condition<a class="headerlink" href="#greater-than-condition" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Its syntax is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column:>value</span></tt>.</p>
<p>It matches records that <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column</span></tt> value is greater than <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">value</span></tt>.</p>
<p>If <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column</span></tt> type is numerical type such as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Int32</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column</span></tt>
value and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">value</span></tt> are compared as number. If <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column</span></tt> type is text
type such as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ShortText</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column</span></tt> value and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">value</span></tt> are
compared as bit sequence.</p>
<p>It doesn't require the default match columns such as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">full</span> <span class="pre">text</span>
<span class="pre">search</span> <span class="pre">condition</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">phrase</span> <span class="pre">search</span> <span class="pre">condition</span></tt>.</p>
<p>Here is a simple exmaple.</p>
<p>Execution example:</p>
<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre>select Entries --query n_likes:>10
# [
# [
# 0,
# 1337566253.89858,
# 0.000355720520019531
# ],
# [
# [
# [
# 1
# ],
# [
# [
# "_id",
# "UInt32"
# ],
# [
# "_key",
# "ShortText"
# ],
# [
# "content",
# "Text"
# ],
# [
# "n_likes",
# "UInt32"
# ]
# ],
# [
# 3,
# "Mroonga",
# "I also started to use mroonga. It's also very fast! Really fast!",
# 15
# ]
# ]
# ]
# ]
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The expression matches records that <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">n_likes</span></tt> column value is greater
than <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">10</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="less-than-or-equal-to-condition">
<h3>8.10.1.3.11. Less than or equal to condition<a class="headerlink" href="#less-than-or-equal-to-condition" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Its syntax is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column:<=value</span></tt>.</p>
<p>It matches records that <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column</span></tt> value is less than or equal to
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">value</span></tt>.</p>
<p>If <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column</span></tt> type is numerical type such as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Int32</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column</span></tt>
value and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">value</span></tt> are compared as number. If <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column</span></tt> type is text
type such as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ShortText</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column</span></tt> value and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">value</span></tt> are
compared as bit sequence.</p>
<p>It doesn't require the default match columns such as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">full</span> <span class="pre">text</span>
<span class="pre">search</span> <span class="pre">condition</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">phrase</span> <span class="pre">search</span> <span class="pre">condition</span></tt>.</p>
<p>Here is a simple exmaple.</p>
<p>Execution example:</p>
<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre>select Entries --query n_likes:<=10
# [
# [
# 0,
# 1337566253.89858,
# 0.000355720520019531
# ],
# [
# [
# [
# 4
# ],
# [
# [
# "_id",
# "UInt32"
# ],
# [
# "_key",
# "ShortText"
# ],
# [
# "content",
# "Text"
# ],
# [
# "n_likes",
# "UInt32"
# ]
# ],
# [
# 4,
# "Good-bye Senna",
# "I migrated all Senna system!",
# 3
# ],
# [
# 5,
# "Good-bye Tritonn",
# "I also migrated all Tritonn system!",
# 3
# ],
# [
# 2,
# "Groonga",
# "I started to use groonga. It's very fast!",
# 10
# ],
# [
# 1,
# "The first post!",
# "Welcome! This is my first post!",
# 5
# ]
# ]
# ]
# ]
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The expression matches records that <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">n_likes</span></tt> column value is less
than or equal to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">10</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="greater-than-or-equal-to-condition">
<h3>8.10.1.3.12. Greater than or equal to condition<a class="headerlink" href="#greater-than-or-equal-to-condition" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Its syntax is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column:>=value</span></tt>.</p>
<p>It matches records that <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column</span></tt> value is greater than or equal to
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">value</span></tt>.</p>
<p>If <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column</span></tt> type is numerical type such as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Int32</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column</span></tt>
value and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">value</span></tt> are compared as number. If <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column</span></tt> type is text
type such as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ShortText</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column</span></tt> value and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">value</span></tt> are
compared as bit sequence.</p>
<p>It doesn't require the default match columns such as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">full</span> <span class="pre">text</span>
<span class="pre">search</span> <span class="pre">condition</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">phrase</span> <span class="pre">search</span> <span class="pre">condition</span></tt>.</p>
<p>Here is a simple exmaple.</p>
<p>Execution example:</p>
<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre>select Entries --query n_likes:>=10
# [
# [
# 0,
# 1337566253.89858,
# 0.000355720520019531
# ],
# [
# [
# [
# 2
# ],
# [
# [
# "_id",
# "UInt32"
# ],
# [
# "_key",
# "ShortText"
# ],
# [
# "content",
# "Text"
# ],
# [
# "n_likes",
# "UInt32"
# ]
# ],
# [
# 2,
# "Groonga",
# "I started to use groonga. It's very fast!",
# 10
# ],
# [
# 3,
# "Mroonga",
# "I also started to use mroonga. It's also very fast! Really fast!",
# 15
# ]
# ]
# ]
# ]
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The expression matches records that <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">n_likes</span></tt> column value is
greater than or equal to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">10</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="combined-expression">
<span id="id6"></span><h2>8.10.1.4. Combined expression<a class="headerlink" href="#combined-expression" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Here is available combined expression list.</p>
<div class="section" id="logical-or">
<h3>8.10.1.4.1. Logical OR<a class="headerlink" href="#logical-or" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Its syntax is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">OR</span> <span class="pre">b</span></tt>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">b</span></tt> are conditional expressions, conbinded expressions or
assignment expressions.</p>
<p>If at least one of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">b</span></tt> are matched, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">OR</span> <span class="pre">b</span></tt> is matched.</p>
<p>Here is a simple exmaple.</p>
<p>Execution example:</p>
<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre>select Entries --query 'n_likes:>10 OR content:@senna'
# [
# [
# 0,
# 1337566253.89858,
# 0.000355720520019531
# ],
# [
# [
# [
# 2
# ],
# [
# [
# "_id",
# "UInt32"
# ],
# [
# "_key",
# "ShortText"
# ],
# [
# "content",
# "Text"
# ],
# [
# "n_likes",
# "UInt32"
# ]
# ],
# [
# 3,
# "Mroonga",
# "I also started to use mroonga. It's also very fast! Really fast!",
# 15
# ],
# [
# 4,
# "Good-bye Senna",
# "I migrated all Senna system!",
# 3
# ]
# ]
# ]
# ]
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The expression matches records that <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">n_likes</span></tt> column value is
greater than <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">10</span></tt> or contain a word <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">senna</span></tt> in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">content</span></tt> column
value.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="logical-and">
<h3>8.10.1.4.2. Logical AND<a class="headerlink" href="#logical-and" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Its syntax is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">+</span> <span class="pre">b</span></tt> or just <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">b</span></tt>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">b</span></tt> are conditional expressions, conbinded expressions or
assignment expressions.</p>
<p>If both <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">b</span></tt> are matched, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">+</span> <span class="pre">b</span></tt> is matched.</p>
<p>You can specify <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">+</span></tt> the first expression such as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">+a</span></tt>. The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">+</span></tt>
is just ignored.</p>
<p>Here is a simple exmaple.</p>
<p>Execution example:</p>
<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre>select Entries --query 'n_likes:>=10 + content:@groonga'
# [
# [
# 0,
# 1337566253.89858,
# 0.000355720520019531
# ],
# [
# [
# [
# 1
# ],
# [
# [
# "_id",
# "UInt32"
# ],
# [
# "_key",
# "ShortText"
# ],
# [
# "content",
# "Text"
# ],
# [
# "n_likes",
# "UInt32"
# ]
# ],
# [
# 2,
# "Groonga",
# "I started to use groonga. It's very fast!",
# 10
# ]
# ]
# ]
# ]
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The expression matches records that <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">n_likes</span></tt> column value is
greater than or equal to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">10</span></tt> and contain a word <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">groonga</span></tt> in
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">content</span></tt> column value.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="logical-not">
<h3>8.10.1.4.3. Logical NOT<a class="headerlink" href="#logical-not" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Its syntax is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">-</span> <span class="pre">b</span></tt>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">b</span></tt> are conditional expressions, conbinded expressions or
assignment expressions.</p>
<p>If <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span></tt> is matched and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">b</span></tt> is not matched, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">-</span> <span class="pre">b</span></tt> is matched.</p>
<p>You can not specify <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-</span></tt> the first expression such as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-a</span></tt>. It's
syntax error.</p>
<p>Here is a simple exmaple.</p>
<p>Execution example:</p>
<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre>select Entries --query 'n_likes:>=10 - content:@groonga'
# [
# [
# 0,
# 1337566253.89858,
# 0.000355720520019531
# ],
# [
# [
# [
# 1
# ],
# [
# [
# "_id",
# "UInt32"
# ],
# [
# "_key",
# "ShortText"
# ],
# [
# "content",
# "Text"
# ],
# [
# "n_likes",
# "UInt32"
# ]
# ],
# [
# 3,
# "Mroonga",
# "I also started to use mroonga. It's also very fast! Really fast!",
# 15
# ]
# ]
# ]
# ]
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The expression matches records that <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">n_likes</span></tt> column value is
greater than or equal to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">10</span></tt> and don't contain a word <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">groonga</span></tt> in
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">content</span></tt> column value.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="grouping">
<h3>8.10.1.4.4. Grouping<a class="headerlink" href="#grouping" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Its syntax is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(...)</span></tt>. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">...</span></tt> is space separated expression list.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(...)</span></tt> groups one ore more expressions and they can be
processed as an expression. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">b</span> <span class="pre">OR</span> <span class="pre">c</span></tt> means that <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">b</span></tt>
are matched or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">c</span></tt> is matched. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span> <span class="pre">(b</span> <span class="pre">OR</span> <span class="pre">c)</span></tt> means that <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span></tt> and
one of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">b</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">c</span></tt> are matched.</p>
<p>Here is a simple exmaple.</p>
<p>Execution example:</p>
<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre>select Entries --query 'n_likes:<5 content:@senna OR content:@fast'
# [
# [
# 0,
# 1337566253.89858,
# 0.000355720520019531
# ],
# [
# [
# [
# 3
# ],
# [
# [
# "_id",
# "UInt32"
# ],
# [
# "_key",
# "ShortText"
# ],
# [
# "content",
# "Text"
# ],
# [
# "n_likes",
# "UInt32"
# ]
# ],
# [
# 4,
# "Good-bye Senna",
# "I migrated all Senna system!",
# 3
# ],
# [
# 2,
# "Groonga",
# "I started to use groonga. It's very fast!",
# 10
# ],
# [
# 3,
# "Mroonga",
# "I also started to use mroonga. It's also very fast! Really fast!",
# 15
# ]
# ]
# ]
# ]
select Entries --query 'n_likes:<5 (content:@senna OR content:@fast)'
# [
# [
# 0,
# 1337566253.89858,
# 0.000355720520019531
# ],
# [
# [
# [
# 1
# ],
# [
# [
# "_id",
# "UInt32"
# ],
# [
# "_key",
# "ShortText"
# ],
# [
# "content",
# "Text"
# ],
# [
# "n_likes",
# "UInt32"
# ]
# ],
# [
# 4,
# "Good-bye Senna",
# "I migrated all Senna system!",
# 3
# ]
# ]
# ]
# ]
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The first expression doesn't use grouping. It matches records that
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">n_likes:<5</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">content:@senna</span></tt> are matched or
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">content:@fast</span></tt> is matched.</p>
<p>The second expression uses grouping. It matches records that
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">n_likes:<5</span></tt> and one of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">content:@senna</span></tt> or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">content:@fast</span></tt>
are matched.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="assignment-expression">
<h2>8.10.1.5. Assignment expression<a class="headerlink" href="#assignment-expression" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>This section is for advanced users. Because assignment expression is
disabled in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--query</span></tt> option of <a class="reference internal" href="../commands/select.html"><em>select</em></a> by
default. You need to specify <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ALLOW_COLUMN|ALLOW_UPDATE</span></tt> as
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--query_flags</span></tt> option value to enable assignment expression.</p>
<p>Assignment expression in query syntax has some limitations. So you
should use <a class="reference internal" href="script_syntax.html"><em>Script syntax</em></a> instead of query syntax for
assignment.</p>
<p>There is only one syntax for assignment expression. It's <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column:=value</span></tt>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">value</span></tt> is assigend to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column</span></tt>. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">value</span></tt> is always processed as
string in query syntax. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">value</span></tt> is casted to the type of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column</span></tt>
automatically. It causes some limitations. For example, you cannot use
boolean literal such as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">true</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">false</span></tt> for <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Bool</span></tt> type
column. You need to use empty string for <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">false</span></tt> but query syntax
doesn't support <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column:=</span></tt> syntax.</p>
<p>See <a class="reference internal" href="../cast.html"><em>Cast</em></a> about cast.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sphinxsidebar">
<div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper">
<h3><a href="../../index.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3>
<ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">8.10.1. Query syntax</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#sample-data">8.10.1.1. Sample data</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#escape">8.10.1.2. Escape</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#conditional-expression">8.10.1.3. Conditional expression</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#full-text-search-condition">8.10.1.3.1. Full text search condition</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#phrase-search-condition">8.10.1.3.2. Phrase search condition</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#full-text-search-condition-with-explicit-match-column">8.10.1.3.3. Full text search condition (with explicit match column)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#phrase-search-condition-with-explicit-match-column">8.10.1.3.4. Phrase search condition (with explicit match column)</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#prefix-search-condition">8.10.1.3.5. Prefix search condition</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#suffix-search-condition">8.10.1.3.6. Suffix search condition</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#equal-condition">8.10.1.3.7. Equal condition</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#not-equal-condition">8.10.1.3.8. Not equal condition</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#less-than-condition">8.10.1.3.9. Less than condition</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#greater-than-condition">8.10.1.3.10. Greater than condition</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#less-than-or-equal-to-condition">8.10.1.3.11. Less than or equal to condition</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#greater-than-or-equal-to-condition">8.10.1.3.12. Greater than or equal to condition</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#combined-expression">8.10.1.4. Combined expression</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#logical-or">8.10.1.4.1. Logical OR</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#logical-and">8.10.1.4.2. Logical AND</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#logical-not">8.10.1.4.3. Logical NOT</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#grouping">8.10.1.4.4. Grouping</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#assignment-expression">8.10.1.5. Assignment expression</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Previous topic</h4>
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title="previous chapter">8.10. grn_expr</a></p>
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title="next chapter">8.10.2. Script syntax</a></p>
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