==================
Generic date views
==================
.. module:: django.views.generic.dates
Date-based generic views, provided in :mod:`django.views.generic.dates`, are
views for displaying drilldown pages for date-based data.
.. note::
Some of the examples on this page assume that an ``Article`` model has been
defined as follows in ``myapp/models.py``::
from django.db import models
from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse
class Article(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=200)
pub_date = models.DateField()
def get_absolute_url(self):
return reverse('article-detail', kwargs={'pk': self.pk})
ArchiveIndexView
----------------
.. class:: ArchiveIndexView
A top-level index page showing the "latest" objects, by date. Objects with
a date in the *future* are not included unless you set ``allow_future`` to
``True``.
**Ancestors (MRO)**
* :class:`django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectTemplateResponseMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.base.TemplateResponseMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.BaseArchiveIndexView`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.BaseDateListView`
* :class:`django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.DateMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.base.View`
**Context**
In addition to the context provided by
:class:`django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectMixin` (via
:class:`django.views.generic.dates.BaseDateListView`), the template's
context will be:
* ``date_list``: A
:meth:`DateQuerySet<django.db.models.query.QuerySet.dates>` object
containing all years that have objects available according to
``queryset``, represented as
:class:`datetime.datetime<python:datetime.datetime>` objects, in
descending order.
**Notes**
* Uses a default ``context_object_name`` of ``latest``.
* Uses a default ``template_name_suffix`` of ``_archive``.
* Defaults to providing ``date_list`` by year, but this can be altered to
month or day using the attribute ``date_list_period``. This also applies
to all subclass views.
**Example myapp/urls.py**::
from django.conf.urls import patterns, url
from django.views.generic.dates import ArchiveIndexView
from myapp.models import Article
urlpatterns = patterns('',
url(r'^archive/$',
ArchiveIndexView.as_view(model=Article, date_field="pub_date"),
name="article_archive"),
)
**Example myapp/article_archive.html**:
.. code-block:: html+django
<ul>
{% for article in latest %}
<li>{{ article.pub_date }}: {{ article.title }}</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
This will output all articles.
YearArchiveView
---------------
.. class:: YearArchiveView
A yearly archive page showing all available months in a given year. Objects
with a date in the *future* are not displayed unless you set
``allow_future`` to ``True``.
**Ancestors (MRO)**
* :class:`django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectTemplateResponseMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.base.TemplateResponseMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.BaseYearArchiveView`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.YearMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.BaseDateListView`
* :class:`django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.DateMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.base.View`
.. attribute:: make_object_list
A boolean specifying whether to retrieve the full list of objects for
this year and pass those to the template. If ``True``, the list of
objects will be made available to the context. If ``False``, the
``None`` queryset will be used as the object list. By default, this is
``False``.
.. method:: get_make_object_list()
Determine if an object list will be returned as part of the context.
Returns :attr:`~YearArchiveView.make_object_list` by default.
**Context**
In addition to the context provided by
:class:`django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectMixin` (via
:class:`django.views.generic.dates.BaseDateListView`), the template's
context will be:
* ``date_list``: A
:meth:`DateQuerySet<django.db.models.query.QuerySet.dates>` object
containing all months that have objects available according to
``queryset``, represented as
:class:`datetime.datetime<python:datetime.datetime>` objects, in
ascending order.
* ``year``: A :class:`~datetime.date` object
representing the given year.
.. versionchanged:: 1.5
Previously, this returned a string.
* ``next_year``: A :class:`~datetime.date` object
representing the first day of the next year, according to
:attr:`~BaseDateListView.allow_empty` and
:attr:`~DateMixin.allow_future`.
.. versionadded:: 1.5
* ``previous_year``: A :class:`~datetime.date` object
representing the first day of the previous year, according to
:attr:`~BaseDateListView.allow_empty` and
:attr:`~DateMixin.allow_future`.
.. versionadded:: 1.5
**Notes**
* Uses a default ``template_name_suffix`` of ``_archive_year``.
**Example myapp/views.py**::
from django.views.generic.dates import YearArchiveView
from myapp.models import Article
class ArticleYearArchiveView(YearArchiveView):
queryset = Article.objects.all()
date_field = "pub_date"
make_object_list = True
allow_future = True
**Example myapp/urls.py**::
from django.conf.urls import patterns, url
from myapp.views import ArticleYearArchiveView
urlpatterns = patterns('',
url(r'^(?P<year>\d{4})/$',
ArticleYearArchiveView.as_view(),
name="article_year_archive"),
)
**Example myapp/article_archive_year.html**:
.. code-block:: html+django
<ul>
{% for date in date_list %}
<li>{{ date|date }}</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
<div>
<h1>All Articles for {{ year|date:"Y" }}</h1>
{% for obj in object_list %}
<p>
{{ obj.title }} - {{ obj.pub_date|date:"F j, Y" }}
</p>
{% endfor %}
</div>
MonthArchiveView
----------------
.. class:: MonthArchiveView
A monthly archive page showing all objects in a given month. Objects with a
date in the *future* are not displayed unless you set ``allow_future`` to
``True``.
**Ancestors (MRO)**
* :class:`django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectTemplateResponseMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.base.TemplateResponseMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.BaseMonthArchiveView`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.YearMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.MonthMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.BaseDateListView`
* :class:`django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.DateMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.base.View`
**Context**
In addition to the context provided by
:class:`~django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectMixin` (via
:class:`~django.views.generic.dates.BaseDateListView`), the template's
context will be:
* ``date_list``: A
:meth:`DateQuerySet<django.db.models.query.QuerySet.dates>` object
containing all days that have objects available in the given month,
according to ``queryset``, represented as
:class:`datetime.datetime<python:datetime.datetime>` objects, in
ascending order.
* ``month``: A :class:`~datetime.date` object
representing the given month.
* ``next_month``: A :class:`~datetime.date` object
representing the first day of the next month, according to
:attr:`~BaseDateListView.allow_empty` and
:attr:`~DateMixin.allow_future`.
* ``previous_month``: A :class:`~datetime.date` object
representing the first day of the previous month, according to
:attr:`~BaseDateListView.allow_empty` and
:attr:`~DateMixin.allow_future`.
**Notes**
* Uses a default ``template_name_suffix`` of ``_archive_month``.
**Example myapp/views.py**::
from django.views.generic.dates import MonthArchiveView
from myapp.models import Article
class ArticleMonthArchiveView(MonthArchiveView):
queryset = Article.objects.all()
date_field = "pub_date"
make_object_list = True
allow_future = True
**Example myapp/urls.py**::
from django.conf.urls import patterns, url
from myapp.views import ArticleMonthArchiveView
urlpatterns = patterns('',
# Example: /2012/aug/
url(r'^(?P<year>\d{4})/(?P<month>[-\w]+)/$',
ArticleMonthArchiveView.as_view(),
name="archive_month"),
# Example: /2012/08/
url(r'^(?P<year>\d{4})/(?P<month>\d+)/$',
ArticleMonthArchiveView.as_view(month_format='%m'),
name="archive_month_numeric"),
)
**Example myapp/article_archive_month.html**:
.. code-block:: html+django
<ul>
{% for article in object_list %}
<li>{{ article.pub_date|date:"F j, Y" }}: {{ article.title }}</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
<p>
{% if previous_month %}
Previous Month: {{ previous_month|date:"F Y" }}
{% endif %}
{% if next_month %}
Next Month: {{ next_month|date:"F Y" }}
{% endif %}
</p>
WeekArchiveView
---------------
.. class:: WeekArchiveView
A weekly archive page showing all objects in a given week. Objects with a
date in the *future* are not displayed unless you set ``allow_future`` to
``True``.
**Ancestors (MRO)**
* :class:`django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectTemplateResponseMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.base.TemplateResponseMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.BaseWeekArchiveView`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.YearMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.WeekMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.BaseDateListView`
* :class:`django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.DateMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.base.View`
**Context**
In addition to the context provided by
:class:`~django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectMixin` (via
:class:`~django.views.generic.dates.BaseDateListView`), the template's
context will be:
* ``week``: A :class:`~datetime.date` object
representing the first day of the given week.
* ``next_week``: A :class:`~datetime.date` object
representing the first day of the next week, according to
:attr:`~BaseDateListView.allow_empty` and
:attr:`~DateMixin.allow_future`.
* ``previous_week``: A :class:`~datetime.date` object
representing the first day of the previous week, according to
:attr:`~BaseDateListView.allow_empty` and
:attr:`~DateMixin.allow_future`.
**Notes**
* Uses a default ``template_name_suffix`` of ``_archive_week``.
**Example myapp/views.py**::
from django.views.generic.dates import WeekArchiveView
from myapp.models import Article
class ArticleWeekArchiveView(WeekArchiveView):
queryset = Article.objects.all()
date_field = "pub_date"
make_object_list = True
week_format = "%W"
allow_future = True
**Example myapp/urls.py**::
from django.conf.urls import patterns, url
from myapp.views import ArticleWeekArchiveView
urlpatterns = patterns('',
# Example: /2012/week/23/
url(r'^(?P<year>\d{4})/week/(?P<week>\d+)/$',
ArticleWeekArchiveView.as_view(),
name="archive_week"),
)
**Example myapp/article_archive_week.html**:
.. code-block:: html+django
<h1>Week {{ week|date:'W' }}</h1>
<ul>
{% for article in object_list %}
<li>{{ article.pub_date|date:"F j, Y" }}: {{ article.title }}</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
<p>
{% if previous_week %}
Previous Week: {{ previous_week|date:"F Y" }}
{% endif %}
{% if previous_week and next_week %}--{% endif %}
{% if next_week %}
Next week: {{ next_week|date:"F Y" }}
{% endif %}
</p>
In this example, you are outputting the week number. The default
``week_format`` in the ``WeekArchiveView`` uses week format ``'%U'``
which is based on the United States week system where the week begins on a
Sunday. The ``'%W'`` format uses the ISO week format and its week
begins on a Monday. The ``'%W'`` format is the same in both the
:func:`~time.strftime` and the :tfilter:`date`.
However, the :tfilter:`date` template filter does not have an equivalent
output format that supports the US based week system. The :tfilter:`date`
filter ``'%U'`` outputs the number of seconds since the Unix epoch.
DayArchiveView
--------------
.. class:: DayArchiveView
A day archive page showing all objects in a given day. Days in the future
throw a 404 error, regardless of whether any objects exist for future days,
unless you set ``allow_future`` to ``True``.
**Ancestors (MRO)**
* :class:`django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectTemplateResponseMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.base.TemplateResponseMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.BaseDayArchiveView`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.YearMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.MonthMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.DayMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.BaseDateListView`
* :class:`django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.DateMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.base.View`
**Context**
In addition to the context provided by
:class:`~django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectMixin` (via
:class:`~django.views.generic.dates.BaseDateListView`), the template's
context will be:
* ``day``: A :class:`~datetime.date` object
representing the given day.
* ``next_day``: A :class:`~datetime.date` object
representing the next day, according to
:attr:`~BaseDateListView.allow_empty` and
:attr:`~DateMixin.allow_future`.
* ``previous_day``: A :class:`~datetime.date` object
representing the previous day, according to
:attr:`~BaseDateListView.allow_empty` and
:attr:`~DateMixin.allow_future`.
* ``next_month``: A :class:`~datetime.date` object
representing the first day of the next month, according to
:attr:`~BaseDateListView.allow_empty` and
:attr:`~DateMixin.allow_future`.
* ``previous_month``: A :class:`~datetime.date` object
representing the first day of the previous month, according to
:attr:`~BaseDateListView.allow_empty` and
:attr:`~DateMixin.allow_future`.
**Notes**
* Uses a default ``template_name_suffix`` of ``_archive_day``.
**Example myapp/views.py**::
from django.views.generic.dates import DayArchiveView
from myapp.models import Article
class ArticleDayArchiveView(DayArchiveView):
queryset = Article.objects.all()
date_field = "pub_date"
make_object_list = True
allow_future = True
**Example myapp/urls.py**::
from django.conf.urls import patterns, url
from myapp.views import ArticleDayArchiveView
urlpatterns = patterns('',
# Example: /2012/nov/10/
url(r'^(?P<year>\d{4})/(?P<month>[-\w]+)/(?P<day>\d+)/$',
ArticleDayArchiveView.as_view(),
name="archive_day"),
)
**Example myapp/article_archive_day.html**:
.. code-block:: html+django
<h1>{{ day }}</h1>
<ul>
{% for article in object_list %}
<li>{{ article.pub_date|date:"F j, Y" }}: {{ article.title }}</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
<p>
{% if previous_day %}
Previous Day: {{ previous_day }}
{% endif %}
{% if previous_day and next_day %}--{% endif %}
{% if next_day %}
Next Day: {{ next_day }}
{% endif %}
</p>
TodayArchiveView
----------------
.. class:: TodayArchiveView
A day archive page showing all objects for *today*. This is exactly the
same as :class:`django.views.generic.dates.DayArchiveView`, except today's
date is used instead of the ``year``/``month``/``day`` arguments.
**Ancestors (MRO)**
* :class:`django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectTemplateResponseMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.base.TemplateResponseMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.BaseTodayArchiveView`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.BaseDayArchiveView`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.YearMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.MonthMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.DayMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.BaseDateListView`
* :class:`django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.DateMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.base.View`
**Notes**
* Uses a default ``template_name_suffix`` of ``_archive_today``.
**Example myapp/views.py**::
from django.views.generic.dates import TodayArchiveView
from myapp.models import Article
class ArticleTodayArchiveView(TodayArchiveView):
queryset = Article.objects.all()
date_field = "pub_date"
make_object_list = True
allow_future = True
**Example myapp/urls.py**::
from django.conf.urls import patterns, url
from myapp.views import ArticleTodayArchiveView
urlpatterns = patterns('',
url(r'^today/$',
ArticleTodayArchiveView.as_view(),
name="archive_today"),
)
.. admonition:: Where is the example template for ``TodayArchiveView``?
This view uses by default the same template as the
:class:`~DayArchiveView`, which is in the previous example. If you need
a different template, set the ``template_name`` attribute to be the
name of the new template.
DateDetailView
--------------
.. class:: DateDetailView
A page representing an individual object. If the object has a date value in
the future, the view will throw a 404 error by default, unless you set
``allow_future`` to ``True``.
**Ancestors (MRO)**
* :class:`django.views.generic.detail.SingleObjectTemplateResponseMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.base.TemplateResponseMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.BaseDateDetailView`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.YearMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.MonthMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.DayMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.dates.DateMixin`
* ``django.views.generic.detail.BaseDetailView``
* :class:`django.views.generic.detail.SingleObjectMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.base.View`
**Context**
* Includes the single object associated with the ``model`` specified in
the ``DateDetailView``.
**Notes**
* Uses a default ``template_name_suffix`` of ``_detail``.
**Example myapp/urls.py**::
from django.conf.urls import patterns, url
from django.views.generic.dates import DateDetailView
urlpatterns = patterns('',
url(r'^(?P<year>\d+)/(?P<month>[-\w]+)/(?P<day>\d+)/(?P<pk>\d+)/$',
DateDetailView.as_view(model=Article, date_field="pub_date"),
name="archive_date_detail"),
)
**Example myapp/article_detail.html**:
.. code-block:: html+django
<h1>{{ object.title }}</h1>
.. note::
All of the generic views listed above have matching ``Base`` views that
only differ in that they do not include the
:class:`~django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectTemplateResponseMixin`
(for the archive views) or
:class:`~django.views.generic.detail.SingleObjectTemplateResponseMixin`
(for the :class:`DateDetailView`):
.. class:: BaseArchiveIndexView
.. class:: BaseYearArchiveView
.. class:: BaseMonthArchiveView
.. class:: BaseWeekArchiveView
.. class:: BaseDayArchiveView
.. class:: BaseTodayArchiveView
.. class:: BaseDateDetailView
