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<div class="book" title="Smarty Manual">
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<div><h1 class="title">
<a name="manual"></a>Smarty - the compiling PHP template engine</h1></div>
<div><div class="authorgroup">
<a name="authors"></a><div class="author"><h3 class="author">
<span class="firstname">Monte</span> <span class="surname">Ohrt <monte at ohrt dot com></span>
</h3></div>
<div class="author"><h3 class="author">
<span class="firstname">Andrei</span> <span class="surname">Zmievski <andrei@php.net></span>
</h3></div>
</div></div>
<div><p class="copyright">Copyright © 2001-2005 New Digital Group, Inc.</p></div>
<div><p class="pubdate">2010-09-20</p></div>
</div>
<hr>
</div>
<div class="toc">
<p><b>Table of Contents</b></p>
<dl>
<dt><span class="preface"><a href="preface.html">Preface</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="part"><a href="getting.started.html">I. Getting Started</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="what.is.smarty.html">1. What is Smarty?</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="installation.html">2. Installation</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="installation.html#installation.requirements">Requirements</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="installing.smarty.basic.html">Basic Installation</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="installing.smarty.extended.html">Extended Setup</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="part"><a href="smarty.for.designers.html">II. Smarty For Template Designers</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="language.basic.syntax.html">3. Basic Syntax</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.basic.syntax.html#language.syntax.comments">Comments</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.syntax.variables.html">Variables</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.syntax.functions.html">Functions</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.syntax.attributes.html">Attributes</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.syntax.quotes.html">Embedding Vars in Double Quotes</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.math.html">Math</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.escaping.html">Escaping Smarty Parsing</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="language.variables.html">4. Variables</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.variables.html#language.assigned.variables">Variables assigned from PHP</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="language.variables.html#language.variables.assoc.arrays">Associative arrays</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="language.variables.html#language.variables.array.indexes">Array indexes</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="language.variables.html#language.variables.objects">Objects</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.config.variables.html">Variables loaded from config files</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.variables.smarty.html">{$smarty} reserved variable</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="language.variables.smarty.html#language.variables.smarty.request">Request variables</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="language.variables.smarty.html#language.variables.smarty.now">{$smarty.now}</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="language.variables.smarty.html#language.variables.smarty.const">{$smarty.const}</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="language.variables.smarty.html#language.variables.smarty.capture">{$smarty.capture}</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="language.variables.smarty.html#language.variables.smarty.config">{$smarty.config}</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="language.variables.smarty.html#language.variables.smarty.loops">{$smarty.section}, {$smarty.foreach}</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="language.variables.smarty.html#language.variables.smarty.template">{$smarty.template}</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="language.variables.smarty.html#language.variables.smarty.version">{$smarty.version}</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="language.variables.smarty.html#language.variables.smarty.ldelim">{$smarty.ldelim}, {$smarty.rdelim}</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="language.modifiers.html">5. Variable Modifiers</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.modifiers.html#language.modifier.capitalize">capitalize</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.modifier.cat.html">cat</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.modifier.count.characters.html">count_characters</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.modifier.count.paragraphs.html">count_paragraphs</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.modifier.count.sentences.html">count_sentences</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.modifier.count.words.html">count_words</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.modifier.date.format.html">date_format</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.modifier.default.html">default</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.modifier.escape.html">escape</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.modifier.indent.html">indent</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.modifier.lower.html">lower</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.modifier.nl2br.html">nl2br</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.modifier.regex.replace.html">regex_replace</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.modifier.replace.html">replace</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.modifier.spacify.html">spacify</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.modifier.string.format.html">string_format</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.modifier.strip.html">strip</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.modifier.strip.tags.html">strip_tags</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.modifier.truncate.html">truncate</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.modifier.upper.html">upper</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.modifier.wordwrap.html">wordwrap</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="language.combining.modifiers.html">6. Combining Modifiers</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="language.builtin.functions.html">7. Built-in Functions</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.builtin.functions.html#language.function.capture">{capture}</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.function.config.load.html">{config_load}</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.function.foreach.html">{foreach},{foreachelse}</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="language.function.foreach.html#foreach.property.index">.index</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="language.function.foreach.html#foreach.property.iteration">.iteration</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="language.function.foreach.html#foreach.property.first">.first</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="language.function.foreach.html#foreach.property.last">.last</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="language.function.foreach.html#foreach.property.show">.show</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="language.function.foreach.html#foreach.property.total">.total</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.function.if.html">{if},{elseif},{else}</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.function.include.html">{include}</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.function.include.php.html">{include_php}</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.function.insert.html">{insert}</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.function.ldelim.html">{ldelim},{rdelim}</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.function.literal.html">{literal}</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.function.php.html">{php}</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.function.section.html">{section},{sectionelse}</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="language.function.section.html#section.property.index">.index</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="language.function.section.html#section.property.index.prev">.index_prev</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="language.function.section.html#section.property.index.next">.index_next</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="language.function.section.html#section.property.iteration">.iteration</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="language.function.section.html#section.property.first">.first</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="language.function.section.html#section.property.last">.last</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="language.function.section.html#section.property.rownum">.rownum</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="language.function.section.html#section.property.loop">.loop</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="language.function.section.html#section.property.show">.show</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="language.function.section.html#section.property.total">.total</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.function.strip.html">{strip}</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="language.custom.functions.html">8. Custom Functions</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.custom.functions.html#language.function.assign">{assign}</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.function.counter.html">{counter}</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.function.cycle.html">{cycle}</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.function.debug.html">{debug}</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.function.eval.html">{eval}</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.function.fetch.html">{fetch}</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.function.html.checkboxes.html">{html_checkboxes}</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.function.html.image.html">{html_image}</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.function.html.options.html">{html_options}</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.function.html.radios.html">{html_radios}</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.function.html.select.date.html">{html_select_date}</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.function.html.select.time.html">{html_select_time}</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.function.html.table.html">{html_table}</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.function.mailto.html">{mailto}</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.function.math.html">{math}</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="language.function.textformat.html">{textformat}</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="config.files.html">9. Config Files</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="chapter.debugging.console.html">10. Debugging Console</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="part"><a href="smarty.for.programmers.html">III. Smarty For Programmers</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="smarty.constants.html">11. Constants</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="smarty.constants.html#constant.smarty.dir">SMARTY_DIR</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="constant.smarty.core.dir.html">SMARTY_CORE_DIR</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="api.variables.html">12. Smarty Class Variables</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="api.variables.html#variable.template.dir">$template_dir</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.compile.dir.html">$compile_dir</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.config.dir.html">$config_dir</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.plugins.dir.html">$plugins_dir</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.debugging.html">$debugging</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.debug.tpl.html">$debug_tpl</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.debugging.ctrl.html">$debugging_ctrl</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.autoload.filters.html">$autoload_filters</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.compile.check.html">$compile_check</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.force.compile.html">$force_compile</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.caching.html">$caching</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.cache.dir.html">$cache_dir</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.cache.lifetime.html">$cache_lifetime</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.cache.handler.func.html">$cache_handler_func</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.cache.modified.check.html">$cache_modified_check</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.config.overwrite.html">$config_overwrite</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.config.booleanize.html">$config_booleanize</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.config.read.hidden.html">$config_read_hidden</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.config.fix.newlines.html">$config_fix_newlines</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.default.template.handler.func.html">$default_template_handler_func</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.php.handling.html">$php_handling</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.security.html">$security</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.secure.dir.html">$secure_dir</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.security.settings.html">$security_settings</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.trusted.dir.html">$trusted_dir</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.left.delimiter.html">$left_delimiter</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.right.delimiter.html">$right_delimiter</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.compiler.class.html">$compiler_class</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.request.vars.order.html">$request_vars_order</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.request.use.auto.globals.html">$request_use_auto_globals</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.error.reporting.html">$error_reporting</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.compile.id.html">$compile_id</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.use.sub.dirs.html">$use_sub_dirs</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.default.modifiers.html">$default_modifiers</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="variable.default.resource.type.html">$default_resource_type</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="api.functions.html">13. Smarty Class Methods()</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.append.html">append()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — append an element to an assigned array</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.append.by.ref.html">append_by_ref()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — append values by reference</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.assign.html">assign()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — assign values to the templates</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.assign.by.ref.html">assign_by_ref()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — assign values by reference</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.clear.all.assign.html">clear_all_assign()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — clears the values of all assigned variables</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.clear.all.cache.html">clear_all_cache()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — clears the entire template cache</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.clear.assign.html">clear_assign()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — clears the value of an assigned variable</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.clear.cache.html">clear_cache()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — clears the cache for a specific template</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.clear.compiled.tpl.html">clear_compiled_tpl()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — clears the compiled version of the specified template resource</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.clear.config.html">clear_config()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — clears assigned config variables</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.config.load.html">config_load()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — loads config file data and assigns it to the template</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.display.html">display()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — displays the template</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.fetch.html">fetch()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — returns the template output</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.get.config.vars.html">get_config_vars()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — returns the given loaded config variable value</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.get.registered.object.html">get_registered_object()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — returns a reference to a registered object</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.get.template.vars.html">get_template_vars()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — returns assigned variable value(s)</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.is.cached.html">is_cached()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — returns true if there is a valid cache for this template</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.load.filter.html">load_filter()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — load a filter plugin</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.register.block.html">register_block()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — dynamically register block functions plugins</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.register.compiler.function.html">register_compiler_function()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — dynamically register a compiler function plugin</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.register.function.html">register_function()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — dynamically register template function plugins</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.register.modifier.html">register_modifier()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — dynamically register modifier plugin</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.register.object.html">register_object()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — register an object for use in the templates</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.register.outputfilter.html">register_outputfilter()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — dynamically register outputfilters</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.register.postfilter.html">register_postfilter()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — dynamically register postfilters</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.register.prefilter.html">register_prefilter()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — dynamically register prefilters</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.register.resource.html">register_resource()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — dynamically register resources</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.trigger.error.html">trigger_error()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — output an error message</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.template.exists.html">template_exists()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — checks whether the specified template exists</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.unregister.block.html">unregister_block()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — dynamically unregister block function plugins</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.unregister.compiler.function.html">unregister_compiler_function()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — dynamically unregister a compiler function</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.unregister.function.html">unregister_function</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — dynamically unregister template function plugin</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.unregister.modifier.html">unregister_modifier()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — dynamically unregister modifier plugin</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.unregister.object.html">unregister_object()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — dynamically unregister an object</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.unregister.outputfilter.html">unregister_outputfilter()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — dynamically unregister an output filter</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.unregister.postfilter.html">unregister_postfilter()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — dynamically unregister a postfilter</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.unregister.prefilter.html">unregister_prefilter()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — dynamically unregister a prefilter</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="refentrytitle"><a href="api.unregister.resource.html">unregister_resource()</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> — dynamically unregister a resource plugin</span>
</dt>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="caching.html">14. Caching</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="caching.html#caching.setting.up">Setting Up Caching</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="caching.multiple.caches.html">Multiple Caches Per Page</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="caching.groups.html">Cache Groups</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="caching.cacheable.html">Controlling Cacheability of Plugins' Output</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="advanced.features.html">15. Advanced Features</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="advanced.features.html#advanced.features.objects">Objects</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="advanced.features.prefilters.html">Prefilters</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="advanced.features.postfilters.html">Postfilters</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="advanced.features.outputfilters.html">Output Filters</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="section.template.cache.handler.func.html">Cache Handler Function</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="template.resources.html">Resources</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="template.resources.html#templates.from.template.dir">Templates from $template_dir</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="template.resources.html#templates.from.any.dir">Templates from any directory</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="template.resources.html#templates.from.elsewhere">Templates from other sources</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect2"><a href="template.resources.html#default.template.handler.function">Default template handler function</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="plugins.html">16. Extending Smarty With Plugins</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="plugins.html#plugins.howto">How Plugins Work</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="plugins.naming.conventions.html">Naming Conventions</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="plugins.writing.html">Writing Plugins</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="plugins.functions.html">Template Functions</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="plugins.modifiers.html">Modifiers</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="plugins.block.functions.html">Block Functions</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="plugins.compiler.functions.html">Compiler Functions</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="plugins.prefilters.postfilters.html">Prefilters/Postfilters</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="plugins.outputfilters.html">Output Filters</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="plugins.resources.html">Resources</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="plugins.inserts.html">Inserts</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="part"><a href="appendixes.html">IV. Appendixes</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="troubleshooting.html">17. Troubleshooting</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="troubleshooting.html#smarty.php.errors">Smarty/PHP errors</a></span></dt></dl></dd>
<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="tips.html">18. Tips & Tricks</a></span></dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="tips.html#tips.blank.var.handling">Blank Variable Handling</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="tips.default.var.handling.html">Default Variable Handling</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="tips.passing.vars.html">Passing variable title to header template</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="tips.dates.html">Dates</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="tips.wap.html">WAP/WML</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="tips.componentized.templates.html">Componentized Templates</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="tips.obfuscating.email.html">Obfuscating E-mail Addresses</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="resources.html">19. Resources</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="chapter"><a href="bugs.html">20. BUGS</a></span></dt>
</dl></dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="list-of-examples">
<p><b>List of Examples</b></p>
<dl>
<dt>2.1. <a href="installing.smarty.basic.html#id3024443">Required Smarty library files</a>
</dt>
<dt>2.2. <a href="installing.smarty.basic.html#id3024559">Set SMARTY_DIR constant manually</a>
</dt>
<dt>2.3. <a href="installing.smarty.basic.html#id3024573">Supply absolute path to library file</a>
</dt>
<dt>2.4. <a href="installing.smarty.basic.html#id3024603">Add the library path to the <code class="filename">php.ini</code> file</a>
</dt>
<dt>2.5. <a href="installing.smarty.basic.html#id3024631">Appending the include path in a php script with
ini_set()</a>
</dt>
<dt>2.6. <a href="installing.smarty.basic.html#id3024770">What the file structure looks like</a>
</dt>
<dt>2.7. <a href="installing.smarty.basic.html#id3024906">Permissions and making directories writable</a>
</dt>
<dt>2.8. <a href="installing.smarty.basic.html#id3024978">/web/www.example.com/guestbook/templates/index.tpl</a>
</dt>
<dt>2.9. <a href="installing.smarty.basic.html#id3025045">Editing /web/www.example.com/docs/guestbook/index.php</a>
</dt>
<dt>2.10. <a href="installing.smarty.extended.html#id3025180">/php/includes/guestbook/setup.php</a>
</dt>
<dt>2.11. <a href="installing.smarty.extended.html#id3025209">/web/www.example.com/guestbook/htdocs/index.php</a>
</dt>
<dt>3.1. <a href="language.basic.syntax.html#id3026086">Comments within a template</a>
</dt>
<dt>3.2. <a href="language.syntax.variables.html#id3026799">Variables</a>
</dt>
<dt>3.3. <a href="language.syntax.functions.html#id3026851">function syntax </a>
</dt>
<dt>3.4. <a href="language.syntax.attributes.html#id3027083">function attribute syntax</a>
</dt>
<dt>3.5. <a href="language.syntax.quotes.html#id3028364">Syntax examples</a>
</dt>
<dt>3.6. <a href="language.syntax.quotes.html#id3028376">Practical examples</a>
</dt>
<dt>3.7. <a href="language.math.html#id3027820">math examples</a>
</dt>
<dt>3.8. <a href="language.escaping.html#id3028808">changing delimiters example</a>
</dt>
<dt>4.1. <a href="language.variables.html#id3026588">Example variables</a>
</dt>
<dt>4.2. <a href="language.variables.html#id3026701">Assigned variables</a>
</dt>
<dt>4.3. <a href="language.variables.html#id3030090">Accessing associative array variables</a>
</dt>
<dt>4.4. <a href="language.variables.html#id3030161">Accessing arrays by index</a>
</dt>
<dt>4.5. <a href="language.variables.html#id3030240">Accessing object properties</a>
</dt>
<dt>4.6. <a href="language.config.variables.html#id3029724">config variables</a>
</dt>
<dt>4.7. <a href="language.variables.smarty.html#id3030665">Displaying request variables</a>
</dt>
<dt>5.1. <a href="language.modifiers.html#id3032454">Modifier examples</a>
</dt>
<dt>5.2. <a href="language.modifiers.html#id3033369">capitalize</a>
</dt>
<dt>5.3. <a href="language.modifier.cat.html#id3033278">cat</a>
</dt>
<dt>5.4. <a href="language.modifier.count.characters.html#id3033172">count_characters</a>
</dt>
<dt>5.5. <a href="language.modifier.count.paragraphs.html#id3033622">count_paragraphs</a>
</dt>
<dt>5.6. <a href="language.modifier.count.sentences.html#id3033860">count_sentences</a>
</dt>
<dt>5.7. <a href="language.modifier.count.words.html#id3034530">count_words</a>
</dt>
<dt>5.8. <a href="language.modifier.date.format.html#id3035140">date_format</a>
</dt>
<dt>5.9. <a href="language.modifier.default.html#id3036177">default</a>
</dt>
<dt>5.10. <a href="language.modifier.escape.html#id3036707">escape</a>
</dt>
<dt>5.11. <a href="language.modifier.escape.html#id3036741">Other examples</a>
</dt>
<dt>5.12. <a href="language.modifier.indent.html#id3036526">indent</a>
</dt>
<dt>5.13. <a href="language.modifier.lower.html#id3037062">lower</a>
</dt>
<dt>5.14. <a href="language.modifier.nl2br.html#id3037205">nl2br</a>
</dt>
<dt>5.15. <a href="language.modifier.regex.replace.html#id3038288">regex_replace</a>
</dt>
<dt>5.16. <a href="language.modifier.replace.html#id3038712">replace</a>
</dt>
<dt>5.17. <a href="language.modifier.spacify.html#id3039111">spacify</a>
</dt>
<dt>5.18. <a href="language.modifier.string.format.html#id3039488">string_format</a>
</dt>
<dt>5.19. <a href="language.modifier.strip.html#id3038974">strip</a>
</dt>
<dt>5.20. <a href="language.modifier.strip.tags.html#id3040060">strip_tags</a>
</dt>
<dt>5.21. <a href="language.modifier.truncate.html#id3040536">truncate</a>
</dt>
<dt>5.22. <a href="language.modifier.upper.html#id3040166">upper</a>
</dt>
<dt>5.23. <a href="language.modifier.wordwrap.html#id3041251">wordwrap</a>
</dt>
<dt>6.1. <a href="language.combining.modifiers.html#id3044794">combining modifiers</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.1. <a href="language.builtin.functions.html#id3046452">{capture} with the name attribute</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.2. <a href="language.builtin.functions.html#id3046465">{capture} into a template variable</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.3. <a href="language.function.config.load.html#id3047118">{config_load}</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.4. <a href="language.function.config.load.html#id3047210">function {config_load} with section</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.5. <a href="language.function.foreach.html#id3048158">The <em class="parameter"><code>item</code></em> attribute</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.6. <a href="language.function.foreach.html#id3048211">Demonstrates the <em class="parameter"><code>item</code></em> and <em class="parameter"><code>key</code></em> attributes</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.7. <a href="language.function.foreach.html#id3048279">{foreach} with associative <em class="parameter"><code>item</code></em> attribute</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.8. <a href="language.function.foreach.html#id3048342">{foreach} with nested <em class="parameter"><code>item</code></em> and <em class="parameter"><code>key</code></em></a>
</dt>
<dt>7.9. <a href="language.function.foreach.html#id3048419">Database example with {foreachelse}</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.10. <a href="language.function.foreach.html#id3048492"><em class="parameter"><code>index</code></em> example</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.11. <a href="language.function.foreach.html#id3048551"><em class="parameter"><code>iteration</code></em> and <em class="parameter"><code>index</code></em> example</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.12. <a href="language.function.foreach.html#id3048609"><em class="parameter"><code>first</code></em> property example</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.13. <a href="language.function.foreach.html#id3048664"><em class="parameter"><code>last</code></em> property example</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.14. <a href="language.function.foreach.html#id3048761"><em class="parameter"><code>total</code></em> property example</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.15. <a href="language.function.if.html#id3050368">{if} statements</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.16. <a href="language.function.if.html#id3050380">{if} with more examples</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.17. <a href="language.function.include.html#id3051242">Simple {include} example</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.18. <a href="language.function.include.html#id3051255">{include} passing variables</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.19. <a href="language.function.include.html#id3051297">{include} and assign to variable</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.20. <a href="language.function.include.html#id3051328">Various {include} resource examples</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.21. <a href="language.function.include.php.html#id3052144">function {include_php}</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.22. <a href="language.function.insert.html#id3052892">function {insert}</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.23. <a href="language.function.ldelim.html#id3053549">{ldelim}, {rdelim}</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.24. <a href="language.function.ldelim.html#id3053604">Another Javascript example</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.25. <a href="language.function.literal.html#id3053420">{literal} tags</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.26. <a href="language.function.literal.html#id3053433">Javascript function example</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.27. <a href="language.function.literal.html#id3053453">Some css style in a template</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.28. <a href="language.function.php.html#id3053288">php code within {php} tags</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.29. <a href="language.function.php.html#id3053301">{php} tags with global and assigning a variable</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.30. <a href="language.function.section.html#id3054919">Looping a simple array with {section}</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.31. <a href="language.function.section.html#id3054977">{section} without an assigned array</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.32. <a href="language.function.section.html#id3055012">Naming a {section}</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.33. <a href="language.function.section.html#id3055047">Looping an associative array with {section}</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.34. <a href="language.function.section.html#id3054440">{section} demonstrating the <code class="varname">loop</code> variable</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.35. <a href="language.function.section.html#id3055364">Nested {section}'s</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.36. <a href="language.function.section.html#id3055457">Database example with a {sectionelse}</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.37. <a href="language.function.section.html#id3055587">{section} <code class="varname">index</code> property</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.38. <a href="language.function.section.html#id3055690"><code class="varname">index</code>, <code class="varname">index_next</code>
and <code class="varname">index_prev</code> properties </a>
</dt>
<dt>7.39. <a href="language.function.section.html#id3055853">A section's <code class="varname">iteration</code> property </a>
</dt>
<dt>7.40. <a href="language.function.section.html#id3056009">{section} property <code class="varname">first</code> and <code class="varname">last</code></a>
</dt>
<dt>7.41. <a href="language.function.section.html#id3056117">{section} property <code class="varname">loop</code></a>
</dt>
<dt>7.42. <a href="language.function.section.html#id3056180"><code class="varname">show</code> property </a>
</dt>
<dt>7.43. <a href="language.function.section.html#id3056253"><code class="varname">total</code> property example</a>
</dt>
<dt>7.44. <a href="language.function.strip.html#id3057278">{strip} tags</a>
</dt>
<dt>8.1. <a href="language.custom.functions.html#id3064116">{assign}</a>
</dt>
<dt>8.2. <a href="language.custom.functions.html#id3064143">{assign} with some maths</a>
</dt>
<dt>8.3. <a href="language.custom.functions.html#id3064163">Accessing {assign} variables from a PHP script</a>
</dt>
<dt>8.4. <a href="language.function.counter.html#id3064970">{counter}</a>
</dt>
<dt>8.5. <a href="language.function.cycle.html#id3065639">{cycle}</a>
</dt>
<dt>8.6. <a href="language.function.eval.html#id3066562">{eval}</a>
</dt>
<dt>8.7. <a href="language.function.eval.html#id3066616">Another {eval} example</a>
</dt>
<dt>8.8. <a href="language.function.fetch.html#id3067198">{fetch} examples</a>
</dt>
<dt>8.9. <a href="language.function.html.checkboxes.html#id3067900">{html_checkboxes}</a>
</dt>
<dt>8.10. <a href="language.function.html.checkboxes.html#id3067987">
Database example (eg PEAR or ADODB):
</a>
</dt>
<dt>8.11. <a href="language.function.html.image.html#id3068928">{html_image} example</a>
</dt>
<dt>8.12. <a href="language.function.html.options.html#id3069722">Associative array with the <code class="varname">options</code> attribute</a>
</dt>
<dt>8.13. <a href="language.function.html.options.html#id3069786">Dropdown with seperate arrays for <code class="varname">values</code> and
<code class="varname">ouptut</code></a>
</dt>
<dt>8.14. <a href="language.function.html.options.html#id3069858">Database example (eg ADODB or PEAR)</a>
</dt>
<dt>8.15. <a href="language.function.html.options.html#id3069910">Dropdown's with <optgroup> </a>
</dt>
<dt>8.16. <a href="language.function.html.radios.html#id3070870">{html_radios} first example</a>
</dt>
<dt>8.17. <a href="language.function.html.radios.html#id3070906">{html_radios} second example</a>
</dt>
<dt>8.18. <a href="language.function.html.radios.html#id3070957">{html_radios} - Database example (eg PEAR or ADODB):</a>
</dt>
<dt>8.19. <a href="language.function.html.select.date.html#id3072219">{html_select_date}</a>
</dt>
<dt>8.20. <a href="language.function.html.select.date.html#id3072246">{html_select_date} second example</a>
</dt>
<dt>8.21. <a href="language.function.html.select.time.html#id3073699">{html_select_time}</a>
</dt>
<dt>8.22. <a href="language.function.html.table.html#id3074875">{html_table}</a>
</dt>
<dt>8.23. <a href="language.function.mailto.html#id3075887">{mailto} example lines followed by the result</a>
</dt>
<dt>8.24. <a href="language.function.math.html#id3076696">{math}</a>
</dt>
<dt>8.25. <a href="language.function.textformat.html#id3077558">{textformat}</a>
</dt>
<dt>9.1. <a href="config.files.html#id3084196">Example of config file syntax</a>
</dt>
<dt>11.1. <a href="smarty.constants.html#id3084556">SMARTY_DIR</a>
</dt>
<dt>11.2. <a href="constant.smarty.core.dir.html#id3085809">SMARTY_CORE_DIR</a>
</dt>
<dt>12.1. <a href="variable.plugins.dir.html#id3087204">Appending a local plugin dir</a>
</dt>
<dt>12.2. <a href="variable.plugins.dir.html#id3087220">Multiple $plugins_dir</a>
</dt>
<dt>12.3. <a href="variable.debugging.ctrl.html#id3086604">$debugging_ctrl on localhost</a>
</dt>
<dt>12.4. <a href="variable.config.overwrite.html#id3089185">Array of config #variables#</a>
</dt>
<dt>12.5. <a href="variable.secure.dir.html#id3090233">$secure_dir example</a>
</dt>
<dt>12.6. <a href="variable.compile.id.html#id3092701">$compile_id in a virtual host enviroment</a>
</dt>
<dt>13.1. <a href="api.append.html#id3096864">append</a>
</dt>
<dt>13.2. <a href="api.append.by.ref.html#id3097302">append_by_ref</a>
</dt>
<dt>13.3. <a href="api.assign.html#id3097192">assign()</a>
</dt>
<dt>13.4. <a href="api.assign.by.ref.html#id3098079">assign_by_ref()</a>
</dt>
<dt>13.5. <a href="api.clear.all.assign.html#id3097549">clear_all_assign()</a>
</dt>
<dt>13.6. <a href="api.clear.all.cache.html#id3097893">clear_all_cache</a>
</dt>
<dt>13.7. <a href="api.clear.assign.html#id3098838">clear_assign()</a>
</dt>
<dt>13.8. <a href="api.clear.cache.html#id3098814">clear_cache()</a>
</dt>
<dt>13.9. <a href="api.clear.compiled.tpl.html#id3099563">clear_compiled_tpl()</a>
</dt>
<dt>13.10. <a href="api.clear.config.html#id3099120">clear_config()</a>
</dt>
<dt>13.11. <a href="api.config.load.html#id3099509">config_load()</a>
</dt>
<dt>13.12. <a href="api.display.html#id3100588">display()</a>
</dt>
<dt>13.13. <a href="api.display.html#id3100634">Other display() template resource examples</a>
</dt>
<dt>13.14. <a href="api.fetch.html#id3101225">fetch()</a>
</dt>
<dt>13.15. <a href="api.fetch.html#id3101243">Using fetch() to send an email</a>
</dt>
<dt>13.16. <a href="api.get.config.vars.html#id3100865">get_config_vars()</a>
</dt>
<dt>13.17. <a href="api.get.registered.object.html#id3102085">get_registered_object()</a>
</dt>
<dt>13.18. <a href="api.get.template.vars.html#id3102338">get_template_vars</a>
</dt>
<dt>13.19. <a href="api.is.cached.html#id3102825">is_cached()</a>
</dt>
<dt>13.20. <a href="api.is.cached.html#id3102839">is_cached() with multiple-cache template</a>
</dt>
<dt>13.21. <a href="api.load.filter.html#id3102701">Loading filter plugins</a>
</dt>
<dt>13.22. <a href="api.register.block.html#id3103760">register_block()</a>
</dt>
<dt>13.23. <a href="api.register.function.html#id3104760">register_function()</a>
</dt>
<dt>13.24. <a href="api.register.modifier.html#id3105236">register_modifier()</a>
</dt>
<dt>13.25. <a href="api.register.resource.html#id3107524">register_resource()</a>
</dt>
<dt>13.26. <a href="api.template.exists.html#id3107270">template_exists()</a>
</dt>
<dt>13.27. <a href="api.unregister.function.html#id3108157">unregister_function</a>
</dt>
<dt>13.28. <a href="api.unregister.modifier.html#id3108853">unregister_modifier()</a>
</dt>
<dt>13.29. <a href="api.unregister.resource.html#id3109743">unregister_resource()</a>
</dt>
<dt>14.1. <a href="caching.html#id3116234">Enabling caching</a>
</dt>
<dt>14.2. <a href="caching.html#id3116970">Setting $cache_lifetime per cache</a>
</dt>
<dt>14.3. <a href="caching.html#id3117044">Enabling $compile_check</a>
</dt>
<dt>14.4. <a href="caching.html#id3117133">Using is_cached()</a>
</dt>
<dt>14.5. <a href="caching.html#id3117221">Clearing the cache</a>
</dt>
<dt>14.6. <a href="caching.multiple.caches.html#id3116540">Passing a $cache_id to display()</a>
</dt>
<dt>14.7. <a href="caching.multiple.caches.html#id3117836">Passing a cache_id to is_cached()</a>
</dt>
<dt>14.8. <a href="caching.multiple.caches.html#id3117886">Clearing all caches for a particular $cache_id</a>
</dt>
<dt>14.9. <a href="caching.groups.html#id3118380">$cache_id groups</a>
</dt>
<dt>14.10. <a href="caching.cacheable.html#id3118759">Preventing a plugin's output from being cached</a>
</dt>
<dt>14.11. <a href="caching.cacheable.html#id3118821">Preventing a whole passage of a template from being cached</a>
</dt>
<dt>15.1. <a href="advanced.features.html#id3120522">Using a registered or assigned object</a>
</dt>
<dt>15.2. <a href="advanced.features.prefilters.html#id3120942">Using a template prefilter</a>
</dt>
<dt>15.3. <a href="advanced.features.postfilters.html#id3120258">Using a template postfilter</a>
</dt>
<dt>15.4. <a href="advanced.features.outputfilters.html#id3120831">Using a template outputfilter</a>
</dt>
<dt>15.5. <a href="section.template.cache.handler.func.html#id3121936">Example using MySQL as a cache source</a>
</dt>
<dt>15.6. <a href="template.resources.html#id3121472">Using templates from the $template_dir</a>
</dt>
<dt>15.7. <a href="template.resources.html#id3122450">Using templates from any directory</a>
</dt>
<dt>15.8. <a href="template.resources.html#id3122504">Using templates from windows file paths</a>
</dt>
<dt>15.9. <a href="template.resources.html#id3122584">Using custom resources</a>
</dt>
<dt>15.10. <a href="template.resources.html#id3122674">Using the default template handler function</a>
</dt>
<dt>16.1. <a href="plugins.functions.html#id3125404">function plugin with output</a>
</dt>
<dt>16.2. <a href="plugins.functions.html#id3125455">function plugin without output</a>
</dt>
<dt>16.3. <a href="plugins.modifiers.html#id3124306">A simple modifier plugin</a>
</dt>
<dt>16.4. <a href="plugins.modifiers.html#id3125833">More complex modifier plugin</a>
</dt>
<dt>16.5. <a href="plugins.block.functions.html#id3126323">block function</a>
</dt>
<dt>16.6. <a href="plugins.compiler.functions.html#id3126166">A simple compiler function</a>
</dt>
<dt>16.7. <a href="plugins.prefilters.postfilters.html#id3126764">prefilter plugin</a>
</dt>
<dt>16.8. <a href="plugins.prefilters.postfilters.html#id3126781">postfilter plugin</a>
</dt>
<dt>16.9. <a href="plugins.outputfilters.html#id3126679">An output filter plugin</a>
</dt>
<dt>16.10. <a href="plugins.resources.html#id3127974">resource plugin</a>
</dt>
<dt>16.11. <a href="plugins.inserts.html#id3128506">insert plugin</a>
</dt>
<dt>17.1. <a href="troubleshooting.html#id3129598">Smarty errors</a>
</dt>
<dt>17.2. <a href="troubleshooting.html#id3129671">PHP parsing errors</a>
</dt>
<dt>17.3. <a href="troubleshooting.html#id3129720">Other common errors</a>
</dt>
<dt>18.1. <a href="tips.html#id3130254">Printing &nbsp; when a variable is empty</a>
</dt>
<dt>18.2. <a href="tips.default.var.handling.html#id3131188">Assigning a template variable its default value</a>
</dt>
<dt>18.3. <a href="tips.passing.vars.html#id3131263">Passing the title variable to the header template</a>
</dt>
<dt>18.4. <a href="tips.dates.html#id3131418">Using date_format</a>
</dt>
<dt>18.5. <a href="tips.dates.html#id3131489">Converting form date elements back to a timestamp</a>
</dt>
<dt>18.6. <a href="tips.wap.html#id3131610">Using {insert} to write a WML Content-Type header</a>
</dt>
<dt>18.7. <a href="tips.componentized.templates.html#id3131712">componentized template</a>
</dt>
<dt>18.8. <a href="tips.obfuscating.email.html#id3131840">Example of template the Obfuscating an email address</a>
</dt>
</dl>
</div>
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