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<title>Microsoft IIS 5.1 and IIS 6.0</title>
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</div><hr /><div id="install.windows.iis6" class="sect1">
<h2 class="title">Microsoft IIS 5.1 and IIS 6.0</h2>
<p class="para">
This section contains instructions for manually setting up Internet Information
Services (IIS) 5.1 and IIS 6.0 to work with PHP on Microsoft Windows XP and Windows
Server 2003. For instructions on setting up IIS 7.0 and later versions on Windows
Vista, Windows Server 2008, Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 refer to
<a href="install.windows.iis7.html" class="link">Microsoft IIS 7.0 and later</a>.
</p>
<div class="sect2" id="install.windows.iis6.fastcgi">
<h3 class="title">Configuring IIS to process PHP requests</h3>
<p class="para">
Download and install PHP in accordance to the instructions described in
<a href="install.windows.manual.html" class="link">manual installation steps</a>
<blockquote class="note"><p><strong class="note">Note</strong>:
<p class="para">
Non-thread-safe build of PHP is recommended when using IIS. The non-thread-safe
builds are available at <a href="http://windows.php.net/download/" class="link external">» PHP for Windows:
Binaries and Sources Releases.</a>
</p>
</p></blockquote>
</p>
<p class="para">
Configure the CGI- and FastCGI-specific settings in <var class="filename">php.ini</var> file as shown below:
<div class="example" id="example-36">
<p><strong>Example #1 CGI and FastCGI settings in <var class="filename">php.ini</var></strong></p>
<div class="example-contents">
<div class="inicode"><pre class="inicode">fastcgi.impersonate = 1
fastcgi.logging = 0
cgi.fix_pathinfo=1
cgi.force_redirect = 0</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</p>
<p class="para">
Download and install the <a href="http://www.iis.net/extensions/fastcgi" class="link external">» Microsoft FastCGI Extension for IIS 5.1 and 6.0</a>.
The extension is available for 32-bit and 64-bit platforms - select the right download package for your platform.
</p>
<p class="para">Configure the FastCGI extension to handle PHP-specific requests by running the command shown below.
Replace the value of the "-path" parameter with the absolute file path to the
<var class="filename">php-cgi.exe</var> file.
<div class="example" id="example-37">
<p><strong>Example #2 Configuring FastCGI extension to handle PHP requests</strong></p>
<div class="example-contents">
<div class="cdata"><pre>
cscript %windir%\system32\inetsrv\fcgiconfig.js -add -section:"PHP" ^
-extension:php -path:"C:\PHP\php-cgi.exe"
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</p>
<p class="para">
This command will create an IIS script mapping for *.php file extension, which will result in all URLs
that end with .php being handled by FastCGI extension. Also, it will configure FastCGI extension to
use the executable <var class="filename">php-cgi.exe</var> to process the PHP requests.
<blockquote class="note"><p><strong class="note">Note</strong>:
<p class="para">
At this point the required installation and configuration steps are completed. The remaining
instructions below are optional but highly recommended for achieving optimal functionality
and performance of PHP on IIS.
</p>
</p></blockquote>
</p>
</div>
<div class="sect2" id="install.windows.iis6.impersonation">
<h3 class="title">Impersonation and file system access</h3>
<p class="para">
It is recommended to enable FastCGI impersonation in PHP when using IIS. This
is controlled by the <var class="varname"><var class="varname">fastcgi.impersonate</var></var> directive in <var class="filename">php.ini</var> file. When
impersonation is enabled, PHP will perform all the file system operations on
behalf of the user account that has been determined by IIS authentication. This
ensures that even if the same PHP process is shared across different IIS web
sites, the PHP scripts in those web sites will not be able to access each
others' files as long as different user accounts are used for IIS authentication
on each web site.
</p>
<p class="para">
For example IIS 5.1 and IIS 6.0, in its default configuration, has anonymous authentication enabled
with built-in user account IUSR_<MACHINE_NAME> used as a default identity. This means that in
order for IIS to execute PHP scripts, it is necessary to grant IUSR_<MACHINE_NAME> account
read permission on those scripts. If PHP applications need to perform write operations on certain
files or write files into some folders then IUSR_<MACHINE_NAME> account should have write permission to those.
</p>
<p class="para">
To determine which user account is used by IIS anonymous authentication, follow these steps:
<div class="procedure">
<ol type="1"><li>
<p class="simpara">In the Windows Start Menu choose "Run:", type "inetmgr" and click "Ok";</p>
</li>
<li>
<p class="simpara">Expand the list of web sites under the "Web Sites" node in the tree view, right-click on a web
site that is being used and select "Properties";
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p class="simpara">Click the "Directory Security" tab;</p>
</li>
<li>
<p class="simpara">Take note of a "User name:" field in the "Authentication Methods" dialog</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
<div class="mediaobject">
<div class="imageobject">
<img src="images/b4cf2bb34e3c20eebcf8f9e8e7949efd-iis6anonauth.png" alt="Anonymous authenication for IIS 5.1 and IIS 6.0" width="654" height="461" />
</div>
</div>
</p>
<p class="para">
To modify the permissions settings on files and folders, use the Windows Explorer user interface
or <var class="varname"><var class="varname">icacls</var></var> command.
<div class="example" id="example-38">
<p><strong>Example #3 Configuring file access permissions</strong></p>
<div class="example-contents">
<div class="cdata"><pre>
icacls C:\inetpub\wwwroot\upload /grant IUSR:(OI)(CI)(M)
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</p>
</div>
<div class="sect2" id="install.windows.iis6.defaultdoc">
<h3 class="title">Set <var class="filename">index.php</var> as a default document in IIS</h3>
<p class="para">
The IIS default documents are used for HTTP requests that do not specify a document name. With PHP applications,
<var class="filename">index.php</var> usually acts as a default document. To add <var class="filename">index.php</var> to the list of
IIS default documents, follow these steps:
<div class="procedure">
<ol type="1"><li>
<p class="simpara">In the Windows Start Menu choose "Run:", type "inetmgr" and click "Ok";</p>
</li>
<li>
<p class="simpara">Right-click on the "Web Sites" node in the tree view and select "Properties";</p>
</li>
<li>
<p class="simpara">Click the "Documents" tab;</p>
</li>
<li>
<p class="simpara">Click the "Add..." button and enter "index.php" for the "Default content page:".</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
<div class="mediaobject">
<div class="imageobject">
<img src="images/b4cf2bb34e3c20eebcf8f9e8e7949efd-iis6defaultdoc.png" alt="Setting index.php as default document for IIS" width="659" height="465" />
</div>
</div>
</p>
</div>
<div class="sect2" id="install.windows.iis6.recycling">
<h3 class="title">FastCGI and PHP Recycling configuration</h3>
<p class="para">
Configure IIS FastCGI extension settings for recycling of PHP processes by using the commands shown below.
The FastCGI setting <var class="varname"><var class="varname">instanceMaxRequests</var></var> controls how many requests will be processed by a single
<var class="filename">php-cgi.exe</var> process before FastCGI extension shuts it down. The PHP environment variable
<var class="varname"><var class="varname">PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS</var></var> controls how many requests a single <var class="filename">php-cgi.exe</var> process
will handle before it recycles itself. Make sure that the value specified for FastCGI <var class="varname"><var class="varname">InstanceMaxRequests</var></var>
setting is less than or equal to the value specified for <var class="varname"><var class="varname">PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS</var></var>.
<div class="example" id="example-39">
<p><strong>Example #4 Configuring FastCGI and PHP recycling</strong></p>
<div class="example-contents">
<div class="cdata"><pre>
cscript %windir%\system32\inetsrv\fcgiconfig.js -set -section:"PHP" ^
-InstanceMaxRequests:10000
cscript %windir%\system32\inetsrv\fcgiconfig.js -set -section:"PHP" ^
-EnvironmentVars:PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS:10000
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</p>
</div>
<div class="sect2" id="install.windows.iis6.timeouts">
<h3 class="title">Configuring FastCGI timeout settings</h3>
<p class="para">
Increase the timeout settings for FastCGI extension if there are applications that have long running PHP scripts.
The two settings that control timeouts are <var class="varname"><var class="varname">ActivityTimeout</var></var> and <var class="varname"><var class="varname">RequestTimeout</var></var>.
Refer to <a href="http://learn.iis.net/page.aspx/248/configuring-fastcgi-extension-for-iis-60/" class="link external">» Configuring FastCGI Extension for IIS 6.0</a> for more
information about those settings.
<div class="example" id="example-40">
<p><strong>Example #5 Configuring FastCGI timeout settings</strong></p>
<div class="example-contents">
<div class="cdata"><pre>
cscript %windir%\system32\inetsrv\fcgiconfig.js -set -section:"PHP" ^
-ActivityTimeout:90
cscript %windir%\system32\inetsrv\fcgiconfig.js -set -section:"PHP" ^
-RequestTimeout:90
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</p>
</div>
<div class="sect2" id="install.windows.iis6.phpinilocation">
<h3 class="title">Changing the Location of <var class="filename">php.ini</var> file</h3>
<p class="para">
PHP searches for <var class="filename">php.ini</var> file in
<a href="configuration.file.html" class="link">several locations</a> and it is
possible to change the default locations of <var class="filename">php.ini</var>
file by using <var class="varname"><var class="varname">PHPRC</var></var> environment variable. To instruct PHP
to load the configuration file from a custom location run the command shown below.
The absolute path to the directory with <var class="filename">php.ini</var> file should be
specified as a value of <var class="varname"><var class="varname">PHPRC</var></var> environment variable.
<div class="example" id="example-41">
<p><strong>Example #6 Changing the location of <var class="filename">php.ini</var> file</strong></p>
<div class="example-contents">
<div class="cdata"><pre>
cscript %windir%\system32\inetsrv\fcgiconfig.js -set -section:"PHP" ^
-EnvironmentVars:PHPRC:"C:\Some\Directory\"
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</p>
</div>
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