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<title>Zend Engine 2 Opcodes</title>
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<h1>Zend Engine 2 Opcodes</h1>
<h2>Table of Contents</h2><ul class="chunklist chunklist_part"><li><a href="internals2.opcodes.list.html">Opcode Descriptions and Examples</a></li></ul>
<div class="partintro">
<p class="para">
When parsing PHP files, Zend Engine 2 generates a series of operation
codes, commonly known as "opcodes", representing the function of the
code. This part of the manual details those opcodes and their behaviour.
</p>
<p class="para">
Opcodes may be dumped for a given PHP file using the vld extension (see
<a href="http://pecl.php.net/package/vld" class="link external">» http://pecl.php.net/package/vld</a>).
</p>
<table class="doctable table">
<caption><strong>Opcode List</strong></caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Number</th>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Has sample code?</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbody">
<tr><td>0</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.nop.html" class="xref">NOP</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>1</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.add.html" class="xref">ADD</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>2</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.sub.html" class="xref">SUB</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>3</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.mul.html" class="xref">MUL</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>4</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.div.html" class="xref">DIV</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>5</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.mod.html" class="xref">MOD</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>6</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.sl.html" class="xref">SL</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>7</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.sr.html" class="xref">SR</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>8</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.concat.html" class="xref">CONCAT</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>9</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.bw-or.html" class="xref">BW_OR</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>10</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.bw-and.html" class="xref">BW_AND</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>11</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.bw-xor.html" class="xref">BW_XOR</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>12</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.bw-not.html" class="xref">BW_NOT</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>13</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.bool-not.html" class="xref">BOOL_NOT</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>14</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.bool-xor.html" class="xref">BOOL_XOR</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>15</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.is-identical.html" class="xref">IS_IDENTICAL</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>16</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.is-not-identical.html" class="xref">IS_NOT_IDENTICAL</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>17</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.is-equal.html" class="xref">IS_EQUAL</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>18</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.is-not-equal.html" class="xref">IS_NOT_EQUAL</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>19</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.is-smaller.html" class="xref">IS_SMALLER</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>20</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.is-smaller-or-equal.html" class="xref">IS_SMALLER_OR_EQUAL</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>21</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.cast.html" class="xref">CAST</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>22</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.qm-assign.html" class="xref">QM_ASSIGN</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>23</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.assign-add.html" class="xref">ASSIGN_ADD</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>24</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.assign-sub.html" class="xref">ASSIGN_SUB</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>25</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.assign-mul.html" class="xref">ASSIGN_MUL</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>26</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.assign-div.html" class="xref">ASSIGN_DIV</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>27</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.assign-mod.html" class="xref">ASSIGN_MOD</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>28</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.assign-sl.html" class="xref">ASSIGN_SL</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>29</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.assign-sr.html" class="xref">ASSIGN_SR</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>30</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.assign-concat.html" class="xref">ASSIGN_CONCAT</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>31</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.assign-bw-or.html" class="xref">ASSIGN_BW_OR</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>32</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.assign-bw-and.html" class="xref">ASSIGN_BW_AND</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>33</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.assign-bw-xor.html" class="xref">ASSIGN_BW_XOR</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>34</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.pre-inc.html" class="xref">PRE_INC</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>35</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.pre-dec.html" class="xref">PRE_DEC</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>36</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.post-inc.html" class="xref">POST_INC</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>37</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.post-dec.html" class="xref">POST_DEC</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>38</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.assign.html" class="xref">ASSIGN</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>39</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.assign-ref.html" class="xref">ASSIGN_REF</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>40</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.echo.html" class="xref">ECHO</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>41</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.print.html" class="xref">PRINT</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>42</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.jmp.html" class="xref">JMP</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>43</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.jmpz.html" class="xref">JMPZ</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>44</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.jmpnz.html" class="xref">JMPNZ</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>45</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.jmpznz.html" class="xref">JMPZNZ</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>46</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.jmpz-ex.html" class="xref">JMPZ_EX</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>47</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.jmpnz-ex.html" class="xref">JMPNZ_EX</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>48</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.case.html" class="xref">CASE</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>49</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.switch-free.html" class="xref">SWITCH_FREE</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>50</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.brk.html" class="xref">BRK</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>51</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.cont.html" class="xref">CONT</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>52</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.bool.html" class="xref">BOOL</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>53</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.init-string.html" class="xref">INIT_STRING</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>54</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.add-char.html" class="xref">ADD_CHAR</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>55</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.add-string.html" class="xref">ADD_STRING</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>56</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.add-var.html" class="xref">ADD_VAR</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>57</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.begin-silence.html" class="xref">BEGIN_SILENCE</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>58</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.end-silence.html" class="xref">END_SILENCE</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>59</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.init-fcall-by-name.html" class="xref">INIT_FCALL_BY_NAME</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>60</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.do-fcall.html" class="xref">DO_FCALL</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>61</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.do-fcall-by-name.html" class="xref">DO_FCALL_BY_NAME</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>62</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.return.html" class="xref">RETURN</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>63</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.recv.html" class="xref">RECV</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>64</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.recv-init.html" class="xref">RECV_INIT</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>65</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.send-val.html" class="xref">SEND_VAL</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>66</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.send-var.html" class="xref">SEND_VAR</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>67</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.send-ref.html" class="xref">SEND_REF</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>68</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.new.html" class="xref">NEW</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>69</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.init-ns-fcall-by-name.html" class="xref">INIT_NS_FCALL_BY_NAME</a></td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>70</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.free.html" class="xref">FREE</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>71</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.init-array.html" class="xref">INIT_ARRAY</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>72</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.add-array-element.html" class="xref">ADD_ARRAY_ELEMENT</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>73</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.include-or-eval.html" class="xref">INCLUDE_OR_EVAL</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>74</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.unset-var.html" class="xref">UNSET_VAR</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>75</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.unset-dim.html" class="xref">UNSET_DIM</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>76</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.unset-obj.html" class="xref">UNSET_OBJ</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>77</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.fe-reset.html" class="xref">FE_RESET</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>78</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.fe-fetch.html" class="xref">FE_FETCH</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>79</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.exit.html" class="xref">EXIT</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>80</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.fetch-r.html" class="xref">FETCH_R</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>81</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.fetch-dim-r.html" class="xref">FETCH_DIM_R</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>82</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.fetch-obj-r.html" class="xref">FETCH_OBJ_R</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>83</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.fetch-w.html" class="xref">FETCH_W</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>84</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.fetch-dim-w.html" class="xref">FETCH_DIM_W</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>85</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.fetch-obj-w.html" class="xref">FETCH_OBJ_W</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>86</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.fetch-rw.html" class="xref">FETCH_RW</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>87</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.fetch-dim-rw.html" class="xref">FETCH_DIM_RW</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>88</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.fetch-obj-rw.html" class="xref">FETCH_OBJ_RW</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>89</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.fetch-is.html" class="xref">FETCH_IS</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>90</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.fetch-dim-is.html" class="xref">FETCH_DIM_IS</a></td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>91</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.fetch-obj-is.html" class="xref">FETCH_OBJ_IS</a></td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>92</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.fetch-func-arg.html" class="xref">FETCH_FUNC_ARG</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>93</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.fetch-dim-func-arg.html" class="xref">FETCH_DIM_FUNC_ARG</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>94</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.fetch-obj-func-arg.html" class="xref">FETCH_OBJ_FUNC_ARG</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>95</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.fetch-unset.html" class="xref">FETCH_UNSET</a></td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>96</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.fetch-dim-unset.html" class="xref">FETCH_DIM_UNSET</a></td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>97</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.fetch-obj-unset.html" class="xref">FETCH_OBJ_UNSET</a></td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>98</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.fetch-dim-tmp-var.html" class="xref">FETCH_DIM_TMP_VAR</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>99</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.fetch-constant.html" class="xref">FETCH_CONSTANT</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>100</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.goto.html" class="xref">GOTO</a></td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>101</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.ext-stmt.html" class="xref">EXT_STMT</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>102</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.ext-fcall-begin.html" class="xref">EXT_FCALL_BEGIN</a></td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>103</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.ext-fcall-end.html" class="xref">EXT_FCALL_END</a></td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>104</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.ext-nop.html" class="xref">EXT_NOP</a></td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>105</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.ticks.html" class="xref">TICKS</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>106</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.send-var-no-ref.html" class="xref">SEND_VAR_NO_REF</a></td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>107</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.catch.html" class="xref">CATCH</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>108</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.throw.html" class="xref">THROW</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>109</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.fetch-class.html" class="xref">FETCH_CLASS</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>110</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.clone.html" class="xref">CLONE</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>111</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.return-by-ref.html" class="xref">RETURN_BY_REF</a></td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>112</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.init-method-call.html" class="xref">INIT_METHOD_CALL</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>113</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.init-static-method-call.html" class="xref">INIT_STATIC_METHOD_CALL</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>114</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.isset-isempty-var.html" class="xref">ISSET_ISEMPTY_VAR</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>115</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.isset-isempty-dim-obj.html" class="xref">ISSET_ISEMPTY_DIM_OBJ</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>116</td><td>not documented</td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>117</td><td>not documented</td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>118</td><td>not documented</td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>119</td><td>not documented</td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>120</td><td>not documented</td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>121</td><td>not documented</td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>122</td><td>not documented</td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>123</td><td>not documented</td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>124</td><td>not documented</td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>125</td><td>not documented</td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>126</td><td>not documented</td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>127</td><td>not documented</td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>128</td><td>not documented</td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>129</td><td>not documented</td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>130</td><td>not documented</td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>131</td><td>not documented</td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>132</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.pre-inc-obj.html" class="xref">PRE_INC_OBJ</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>133</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.pre-dec-obj.html" class="xref">PRE_DEC_OBJ</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>134</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.post-inc-obj.html" class="xref">POST_INC_OBJ</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>135</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.post-dec-obj.html" class="xref">POST_DEC_OBJ</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>136</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.assign-obj.html" class="xref">ASSIGN_OBJ</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>137</td><td>not documented</td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>138</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.instanceof.html" class="xref">INSTANCEOF</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>139</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.declare-class.html" class="xref">DECLARE_CLASS</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>140</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.declare-inherited-class.html" class="xref">DECLARE_INHERITED_CLASS</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>141</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.declare-function.html" class="xref">DECLARE_FUNCTION</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>142</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.raise-abstract-error.html" class="xref">RAISE_ABSTRACT_ERROR</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>143</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.declare-const.html" class="xref">DECLARE_CONST</a></td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>144</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.add-interface.html" class="xref">ADD_INTERFACE</a></td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>145</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.declare-inherited-class-delayed.html" class="xref">DECLARE_INHERITED_CLASS_DELAYED</a></td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>146</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.verify-abstract-class.html" class="xref">VERIFY_ABSTRACT_CLASS</a></td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>147</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.assign-dim.html" class="xref">ASSIGN_DIM</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>148</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.isset-isempty-prop-obj.html" class="xref">ISSET_ISEMPTY_PROP_OBJ</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>149</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.handle-exception.html" class="xref">HANDLE_EXCEPTION</a></td><td>yes</td></tr>
<tr><td>150</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.user-opcode.html" class="xref">USER_OPCODE</a></td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>152</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.zend-jmp-set.html" class="xref">ZEND_JMP_SET</a></td><td>no</td></tr>
<tr><td>153</td><td><a href="internals2.opcodes.zend-declare-lambda-function.html" class="xref">ZEND_DECLARE_LAMBDA_FUNCTION</a></td><td>no</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
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