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<div class="section" id="master-dark-frame">
<span id="index-0"></span><span id="id1"></span><h1>Master-dark frame<a class="headerlink" href="#master-dark-frame" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p>The master-dark frame is an image made of several dark images. The dark
image is used in a process of CCD image calibration. To reduce a noise of a
result, it is advisory to make a number of raw dark frames and combine them
into one correction frame. The Master-dark tool in the Muniwin program provides
a simple method how to do that.</p>
<div class="section" id="creating-a-new-project">
<h2>Creating a new project<a class="headerlink" href="#creating-a-new-project" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>First of all, we will create a new <a class="reference internal" href="projects.html#projects"><em>project</em></a>. To begin with processing of a variable star observation,
we create a new project. To do so, open the <em class="guilabel">Project</em> menu and activate the <em class="guilabel">New</em> item. A new dialog
appears.</p>
<div class="figure align-center">
<img alt=""New project" dialog" src="_images/newproject_mdark.png" />
<p class="caption">The dialog for making a new project.</p>
</div>
<p>Fill in a name that will be assigned to the project. Because the name of the file that keeps track of the data related
to the project, the project file, is derived from the name, some characters cannot appear in the project name, do not
use: / ? % * : | ” < and >.</p>
<p>The field <em class="guilabel">Location</em> shows a path to the directory where a new project will be created. Edit the path to
change the location, you can also click the <em class="guilabel">Browse</em> button to select a directory in a separate dialog.</p>
<p>The dialog also displays a list of available project types. Project types were designed to limit the amount of control
that are shown in application. Select the <em class="guilabel">Master dark frame</em> this time. Confirm the dialog, yet another
dialog appears.</p>
<div class="figure align-center">
<img alt=""Load profile" dialog" src="_images/newproject2.png" />
<p class="caption">The dialog for specifying an initial set of configuration parameters</p>
</div>
<p>Using the second dialog, you can load an intial set of configuration parameters into a new project. If this is a fresh
installation, you have one choice only - use factory defaults. Later on, you have another choices - you can load
parameter from one of the recent projects you have been working on, or you can make load the parameters from a
template - called a “profile”.</p>
<p>When you confirm the dialog, you should be in the main window again now. The table of input files shown there is empty.</p>
<div class="figure align-center">
<img alt="Main application window" src="_images/main.png" />
<p class="caption">The main application window with the table of input files, now empty.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="input-files">
<h2>Input files<a class="headerlink" href="#input-files" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Now, we are going to tell the program which files we are going to work on. These files are called the input
files. Their list is displayed in the table in the main application window. When the application is closed,
the list of files are saved to the disk and it is restored back when the program is launched again.</p>
<p>Supposing that the table now consists of files from your previous task, let’s get rid of them. Please, use
<em class="menuselection">Files ‣ Clear files</em> to start a new task instead of just removing the files from
the table. Besides the clearing the table of input files, this function resets all internal variables, too.</p>
<p>Now, we need to populate the table with the CCD frames we’re going to reduce. There are two methods how to
achieve that - adding a individual files or adding all files from a folder. Which way is the best for you
depends on organization of your observations on the disk. I’d suggest you to make a folder for each year,
a folder for each night in it, the a subfolder for a name of object or another view field identification and
finally a subfolder named upon the color filter (if you use more of them). In this case, the “Add frames from a folder”
method is more convenient.</p>
<p>Click on <em class="menuselection">Files ‣ Add frames from folder</em> in the main menu. A new dialog appears. In the dialog,
find a folder where the inputs files are stored in. Click on an entry in the <em class="guilabel">Places</em> pane to go to one
of a preselected folders, double click in the middle pane enters the folder. The buttons in the upper part
of the dialog shows your current position in the directory tree, you can use them to go to one of the parent
folders. Enter the folder with the input files - you should see them in the middle pane. Then, click on the
<em class="guilabel">Add</em> button to add files to the table of input files. The program shows the number of added files in
the separate dialog. The <em class="guilabel">Add frames from folder</em> dialog is not closed automatically and allows a user
to continue. Click on the <em class="guilabel">OK</em> button to close the dialog and return to the main window.</p>
<div class="figure align-center">
<img alt=""Add folder" dialog" src="_images/addfolder1.png" />
<p class="caption">The “Add folder” dialog with the place selection box (left), the file
selection box (middle) and the preview panel (right).</p>
</div>
<p>If you want to reduce only a subset of files from a folder, click on <em class="menuselection">Files ‣ Add individual frames</em>
in the main menu. A new dialog appears, similar to the previous one. In the dialog, find a folder where the inputs
files are stored in. Click on an entry in the <em class="guilabel">Places</em> pane to go to one of a preselected folders, double
click in the middle pane enters the folder. The buttons in the upper part of the dialog shows your current position
in the directory tree, you can use them to go to one of the parent folders. In the middle pane, select the files
using the <tt class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">Ctrl</span></tt> modifier to include and exclude a single file and the <tt class="kbd docutils literal"><span class="pre">Shift</span></tt> modifier to include a range
of files. Then, click on the <em class="guilabel">Add</em> button to add selected files to the table of input files. The program
shows the number of added files in the separate dialog. The <em class="guilabel">Add individual frames</em> dialog is not closed
automatically and allows a user to continue. Click on the <em class="guilabel">OK</em> button to close the dialog and return to
the main window.</p>
<div class="figure align-center">
<img alt=""Add files" dialog" src="_images/addfiles1.png" />
<p class="caption">The “Add files” dialog with the place selection box (left), the file
selection box (middle) and the preview panel (right).</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="frame-reduction">
<h2>Frame reduction<a class="headerlink" href="#frame-reduction" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>The next step is called the reduction process, even though there is no real “reduction” of the data. This is to
keep the general scheme of data processing the same for all project types. In the standard calibration scheme,
it is necessary to perform just one step - conversion of the source CCD frames into a working format, no calibration
or photometry is required.</p>
<p>We will use the same <em class="guilabel">Express reduction</em> dialog as in the section <a class="reference internal" href="light_curve.html#light-curve"><em>Light curve</em></a>. Using the menu,
activate the <em class="menuselection">Reduce ‣ Express reduction</em> item. A new dialog appears. Check the option
<em class="guilabel">Fetch/convert files</em> and let other options unchecked.</p>
<div class="figure align-center">
<img alt=""Express reduction" dialog" src="_images/express_convert.png" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="making-master-dark-frame">
<h2>Making master dark frame<a class="headerlink" href="#making-master-dark-frame" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Open the menu <em class="guilabel">Make</em> and select the item <em class="guilabel">Master-dark frame</em>. A new dialog appears. In the dialog,
specify whether all files shall be processed or only the selected ones. Confirm the dialog. In the following dialog
select a directory and enter the name of output file where a new master-dark frame shall be saved to. Press the
<em class="guilabel">Save</em> button.</p>
<p>When a task is finished, a new preview window appears. A new master-dark frame is displayed in a separate window.</p>
</div>
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<h3><a href="index.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3>
<ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Master-dark frame</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#creating-a-new-project">Creating a new project</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#input-files">Input files</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#frame-reduction">Frame reduction</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#making-master-dark-frame">Making master dark frame</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Previous topic</h4>
<p class="topless"><a href="light_curve.html"
title="previous chapter">Light curve</a></p>
<h4>Next topic</h4>
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title="next chapter">Master-flat frame</a></p>
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