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><H1
><A
NAME="SQL-ALTERROLE"
></A
>ALTER ROLE</H1
><DIV
CLASS="REFNAMEDIV"
><A
NAME="AEN66272"
></A
><H2
>Name</H2
>ALTER ROLE -- change a database role</DIV
><DIV
CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV"
><A
NAME="AEN66277"
></A
><H2
>Synopsis</H2
><PRE
CLASS="SYNOPSIS"
>ALTER ROLE <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>name</I
></TT
> [ [ WITH ] <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>option</I
></TT
> [ ... ] ]
<SPAN
CLASS="phrase"
><SPAN
CLASS="PHRASE"
>where <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>option</I
></TT
> can be:</SPAN
></SPAN
>
SUPERUSER | NOSUPERUSER
| CREATEDB | NOCREATEDB
| CREATEROLE | NOCREATEROLE
| CREATEUSER | NOCREATEUSER
| INHERIT | NOINHERIT
| LOGIN | NOLOGIN
| REPLICATION | NOREPLICATION
| CONNECTION LIMIT <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>connlimit</I
></TT
>
| [ ENCRYPTED | UNENCRYPTED ] PASSWORD '<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>password</I
></TT
>'
| VALID UNTIL '<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>timestamp</I
></TT
>'
ALTER ROLE <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>name</I
></TT
> RENAME TO <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>new_name</I
></TT
>
ALTER ROLE <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>name</I
></TT
> [ IN DATABASE <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>database_name</I
></TT
> ] SET <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>configuration_parameter</I
></TT
> { TO | = } { <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>value</I
></TT
> | DEFAULT }
ALTER ROLE { <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>name</I
></TT
> | ALL } [ IN DATABASE <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>database_name</I
></TT
> ] SET <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>configuration_parameter</I
></TT
> FROM CURRENT
ALTER ROLE { <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>name</I
></TT
> | ALL } [ IN DATABASE <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>database_name</I
></TT
> ] RESET <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>configuration_parameter</I
></TT
>
ALTER ROLE { <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>name</I
></TT
> | ALL } [ IN DATABASE <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>database_name</I
></TT
> ] RESET ALL</PRE
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="REFSECT1"
><A
NAME="AEN66300"
></A
><H2
>Description</H2
><P
> <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>ALTER ROLE</TT
> changes the attributes of a
<SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>PostgreSQL</SPAN
> role.
</P
><P
> The first variant of this command listed in the synopsis can change
many of the role attributes that can be specified in
<A
HREF="sql-createrole.html"
>CREATE ROLE</A
>.
(All the possible attributes are covered,
except that there are no options for adding or removing memberships; use
<A
HREF="sql-grant.html"
>GRANT</A
> and
<A
HREF="sql-revoke.html"
>REVOKE</A
> for that.)
Attributes not mentioned in the command retain their previous settings.
Database superusers can change any of these settings for any role.
Roles having <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>CREATEROLE</TT
> privilege can change any of these
settings, but only for non-superuser and non-replication roles.
Ordinary roles can only change their own password.
</P
><P
> The second variant changes the name of the role.
Database superusers can rename any role.
Roles having <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>CREATEROLE</TT
> privilege can rename non-superuser
roles.
The current session user cannot be renamed.
(Connect as a different user if you need to do that.)
Because <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>MD5</TT
>-encrypted passwords use the role name as
cryptographic salt, renaming a role clears its password if the
password is <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>MD5</TT
>-encrypted.
</P
><P
> The remaining variants change a role's session default for a configuration
variable, either for all databases or, when the <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>IN
DATABASE</TT
> clause is specified, only for sessions in the named
database. If <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>ALL</TT
> is specified instead of a role name,
this changes the setting for all roles. Using <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>ALL</TT
>
with <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>IN DATABASE</TT
> is effectively the same as using the
command <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>ALTER DATABASE ... SET ...</TT
>.
</P
><P
> Whenever the role subsequently
starts a new session, the specified value becomes the session
default, overriding whatever setting is present in
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>postgresql.conf</TT
> or has been received from the <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>postgres</TT
>
command line. This only happens at login time; executing
<A
HREF="sql-set-role.html"
>SET ROLE</A
> or
<A
HREF="sql-set-session-authorization.html"
>SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION</A
> does not cause new
configuration values to be set.
Settings set for all databases are overridden by database-specific settings
attached to a role. Settings for specific databases or specific roles override
settings for all roles.
</P
><P
> Superusers can change anyone's session defaults. Roles having
<TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>CREATEROLE</TT
> privilege can change defaults for non-superuser
roles. Ordinary roles can only set defaults for themselves.
Certain configuration variables cannot be set this way, or can only be
set if a superuser issues the command. Only superusers can change a setting
for all roles in all databases.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="REFSECT1"
><A
NAME="AEN66327"
></A
><H2
>Parameters</H2
><P
></P
><DIV
CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
><DL
><DT
><TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>name</I
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> The name of the role whose attributes are to be altered.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>SUPERUSER</TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>NOSUPERUSER</TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>CREATEDB</TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>NOCREATEDB</TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>CREATEROLE</TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>NOCREATEROLE</TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>CREATEUSER</TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>NOCREATEUSER</TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>INHERIT</TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>NOINHERIT</TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>LOGIN</TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>NOLOGIN</TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>REPLICATION</TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>NOREPLICATION</TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>CONNECTION LIMIT</TT
> <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>connlimit</I
></TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>PASSWORD</TT
> <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>password</I
></TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>ENCRYPTED</TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>UNENCRYPTED</TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>VALID UNTIL</TT
> '<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>timestamp</I
></TT
>'</DT
><DD
><P
> These clauses alter attributes originally set by
<A
HREF="sql-createrole.html"
>CREATE ROLE</A
>. For more information, see the
<TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>CREATE ROLE</TT
> reference page.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>new_name</I
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> The new name of the role.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>database_name</I
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> The name of the database the configuration variable should be set in.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>configuration_parameter</I
></TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>value</I
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Set this role's session default for the specified configuration
parameter to the given value. If
<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>value</I
></TT
> is <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>DEFAULT</TT
>
or, equivalently, <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>RESET</TT
> is used, the
role-specific variable setting is removed, so the role will
inherit the system-wide default setting in new sessions. Use
<TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>RESET ALL</TT
> to clear all role-specific settings.
<TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>SET FROM CURRENT</TT
> saves the session's current value of
the parameter as the role-specific value.
If <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>IN DATABASE</TT
> is specified, the configuration
parameter is set or removed for the given role and database only.
</P
><P
> Role-specific variable settings take effect only at login;
<A
HREF="sql-set-role.html"
>SET ROLE</A
> and
<A
HREF="sql-set-session-authorization.html"
>SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION</A
>
do not process role-specific variable settings.
</P
><P
> See <A
HREF="sql-set.html"
>SET</A
> and <A
HREF="runtime-config.html"
>Chapter 18</A
> for more information about allowed
parameter names and values.
</P
></DD
></DL
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="REFSECT1"
><A
NAME="AEN66410"
></A
><H2
>Notes</H2
><P
> Use <A
HREF="sql-createrole.html"
>CREATE ROLE</A
>
to add new roles, and <A
HREF="sql-droprole.html"
>DROP ROLE</A
> to remove a role.
</P
><P
> <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>ALTER ROLE</TT
> cannot change a role's memberships.
Use <A
HREF="sql-grant.html"
>GRANT</A
> and
<A
HREF="sql-revoke.html"
>REVOKE</A
>
to do that.
</P
><P
> Caution must be exercised when specifying an unencrypted password
with this command. The password will be transmitted to the server
in cleartext, and it might also be logged in the client's command
history or the server log. <A
HREF="app-psql.html"
><SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>psql</SPAN
></A
>
contains a command
<TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>\password</TT
> that can be used to change a
role's password without exposing the cleartext password.
</P
><P
> It is also possible to tie a
session default to a specific database rather than to a role; see
<A
HREF="sql-alterdatabase.html"
>ALTER DATABASE</A
>.
If there is a conflict, database-role-specific settings override role-specific
ones, which in turn override database-specific ones.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="REFSECT1"
><A
NAME="AEN66424"
></A
><H2
>Examples</H2
><P
> Change a role's password:
</P><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>ALTER ROLE davide WITH PASSWORD 'hu8jmn3';</PRE
><P>
</P
><P
> Remove a role's password:
</P><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>ALTER ROLE davide WITH PASSWORD NULL;</PRE
><P>
</P
><P
> Change a password expiration date, specifying that the password
should expire at midday on 4th May 2015 using
the time zone which is one hour ahead of <ACRONYM
CLASS="ACRONYM"
>UTC</ACRONYM
>:
</P><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>ALTER ROLE chris VALID UNTIL 'May 4 12:00:00 2015 +1';</PRE
><P>
</P
><P
> Make a password valid forever:
</P><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>ALTER ROLE fred VALID UNTIL 'infinity';</PRE
><P>
</P
><P
> Give a role the ability to create other roles and new databases:
</P><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>ALTER ROLE miriam CREATEROLE CREATEDB;</PRE
><P>
</P
><P
> Give a role a non-default setting of the
<A
HREF="runtime-config-resource.html#GUC-MAINTENANCE-WORK-MEM"
>maintenance_work_mem</A
> parameter:
</P><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>ALTER ROLE worker_bee SET maintenance_work_mem = 100000;</PRE
><P>
</P
><P
> Give a role a non-default, database-specific setting of the
<A
HREF="runtime-config-logging.html#GUC-CLIENT-MIN-MESSAGES"
>client_min_messages</A
> parameter:
</P><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>ALTER ROLE fred IN DATABASE devel SET client_min_messages = DEBUG;</PRE
><P></P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="REFSECT1"
><A
NAME="AEN66443"
></A
><H2
>Compatibility</H2
><P
> The <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>ALTER ROLE</TT
> statement is a
<SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>PostgreSQL</SPAN
> extension.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="REFSECT1"
><A
NAME="AEN66448"
></A
><H2
>See Also</H2
><A
HREF="sql-createrole.html"
>CREATE ROLE</A
>, <A
HREF="sql-droprole.html"
>DROP ROLE</A
>, <A
HREF="sql-alterdatabase.html"
>ALTER DATABASE</A
>, <A
HREF="sql-set.html"
>SET</A
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