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<h2 class="title">Internet Domain: TCP, UDP, SSL, and TLS</h2>
<p class="simpara">
PHP 4, PHP 5.
<em>ssl://</em> & <em>tls://</em> since PHP 4.3.0
<em>sslv2://</em> & <em>sslv3://</em> since PHP 5.0.2
</p>
<blockquote class="note"><p><strong class="note">Note</strong>:
<span class="simpara">
If no transport is specified, <em>tcp://</em> will be assumed.
</span>
</p></blockquote>
<ul class="itemizedlist">
<li class="listitem"><span class="simpara"><em>127.0.0.1</em></span></li>
<li class="listitem"><span class="simpara"><em>fe80::1</em></span></li>
<li class="listitem"><span class="simpara"><em>www.example.com</em></span></li>
<li class="listitem"><span class="simpara"><em>tcp://127.0.0.1</em></span></li>
<li class="listitem"><span class="simpara"><em>tcp://fe80::1</em></span></li>
<li class="listitem"><span class="simpara"><em>tcp://www.example.com</em></span></li>
<li class="listitem"><span class="simpara"><em>udp://www.example.com</em></span></li>
<li class="listitem"><span class="simpara"><em>ssl://www.example.com</em></span></li>
<li class="listitem"><span class="simpara"><em>sslv2://www.example.com</em></span></li>
<li class="listitem"><span class="simpara"><em>sslv3://www.example.com</em></span></li>
<li class="listitem"><span class="simpara"><em>tls://www.example.com</em></span></li>
</ul>
<p class="simpara">
Internet Domain sockets expect a port number in addition
to a target address. In the case of <span class="function"><a href="function.fsockopen.html" class="function">fsockopen()</a></span>
this is specified in a second parameter and therefore does
not impact the formatting of transport URL. With
<span class="function"><a href="function.stream-socket-client.html" class="function">stream_socket_client()</a></span> and related functions
as with traditional URLs however, the port number is specified
as a suffix of the transport URL delimited by a colon.
</p>
<ul class="itemizedlist">
<li class="listitem"><span class="simpara"><em>tcp://127.0.0.1:80</em></span></li>
<li class="listitem"><span class="simpara"><em>tcp://[fe80::1]:80</em></span></li>
<li class="listitem"><span class="simpara"><em>tcp://www.example.com:80</em></span></li>
</ul>
<blockquote class="note"><p><strong class="note">Note</strong>:
<strong>IPv6 numeric addresses with port numbers</strong><br />
<span class="simpara">
In the second example above, while the IPv4 and hostname
examples are left untouched apart from the addition of
their colon and portnumber, the IPv6 address is wrapped in
square brackets: <em>[fe80::1]</em>. This is to
distinguish between the colons used in an IPv6 address and
the colon used to delimit the portnumber.
</span>
</p></blockquote>
<p class="simpara">
The <em>ssl://</em> and <em>tls://</em> transports
(available only when openssl support is compiled into PHP) are extensions
of the <em>tcp://</em> transport which include SSL encryption.
Since PHP 4.3.0 OpenSSL support must be statically
compiled into PHP, since PHP 5.0.0
it may be compiled as a module or statically.
</p>
<p class="simpara">
<em>ssl://</em> will attempt to negotiate an SSL V2,
or SSL V3 connection depending on the capabilities and preferences
of the remote host. <em>sslv2://</em> and
<em>sslv3://</em> will select the SSL V2 or SSL V3
protocol explicitly.
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