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<h2 class="title">Apache 2.x on Unix systems</h2>
<p class="para">
This section contains notes and hints specific to Apache 2.x installs
of PHP on Unix systems.
</p>
<div class="warning"><strong class="warning">Warning</strong><p class="para">We do not recommend using a
threaded MPM in production with Apache 2. Use the prefork MPM, which is
the default MPM with Apache 2.0 and 2.2.
For information on why, read the related FAQ entry on using
<a href="faq.installation.html#faq.installation.apache2" class="link">Apache2 with a threaded MPM</a></p></div>
<p class="para">
The <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/" class="link external">» Apache Documentation</a>
is the most authoritative source of information on the Apache 2.x server.
More information about installation options for Apache may be found
there.
</p>
<p class="para">
The most recent version of Apache HTTP Server may be obtained from
<a href="http://httpd.apache.org/" class="link external">» Apache download site</a>,
and a fitting PHP version from the above mentioned places.
This quick guide covers only the basics to get started with Apache 2.x
and PHP. For more information read the
<a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/" class="link external">» Apache Documentation</a>.
The version numbers have been omitted here, to ensure the
instructions are not incorrect. In the examples below, 'NN' should be
replaced with the specific version of Apache being used.
</p>
<p class="para">
There are currently two versions of Apache 2.x - there's 2.0 and 2.2.
While there are various reasons for choosing each, 2.2 is the current
latest version, and the one that is recommended, if that option is
available to you. However, the instructions here will work for either
2.0 or 2.2.
</p>
<ol type="1">
<li class="listitem">
<p class="para">Obtain the Apache HTTP server from the location listed above,
and unpack it:</p>
<div class="example" id="example-12">
<div class="example-contents screen">
<div class="cdata"><pre>
gzip -d httpd-2_x_NN.tar.gz
tar -xf httpd-2_x_NN.tar
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p class="para">Likewise, obtain and unpack the PHP source:</p>
<div class="example" id="example-13">
<div class="example-contents screen">
<div class="cdata"><pre>
gunzip php-NN.tar.gz
tar -xf php-NN.tar
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p class="para">
Build and install Apache. Consult the Apache install documentation for
more details on building Apache.
</p>
<div class="example" id="example-14">
<div class="example-contents screen">
<div class="cdata"><pre>
cd httpd-2_x_NN
./configure --enable-so
make
make install
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p class="para">
Now you have Apache 2.x.NN available under /usr/local/apache2,
configured with loadable module support and the standard MPM prefork.
To test the installation use your normal procedure for starting
the Apache server, e.g.:
<div class="example" id="example-15">
<div class="example-contents screen">
<div class="cdata"><pre>
/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
and stop the server to go on with the configuration for PHP:
<div class="example" id="example-16">
<div class="example-contents screen">
<div class="cdata"><pre>
/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl stop
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p class="para">
Now, configure and build PHP. This is where you customize PHP
with various options, like which extensions will be enabled. Run
./configure --help for a list of available options. In our example
we'll do a simple configure with Apache 2 and MySQL support.
</p>
<p class="para">
If you built Apache from source, as described above, the below example will
match your path for apxs, but if you installed Apache some other way, you'll
need to adjust the path to apxs accordingly. Note that some distros may rename
apxs to apxs2.
</p>
<div class="example" id="example-17">
<div class="example-contents screen">
<div class="cdata"><pre>
cd ../php-NN
./configure --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --with-mysql
make
make install
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<p class="para">
If you decide to change your configure options after installation,
you'll need to re-run the configure, make, and make install steps.
You only need to
restart apache for the new module to take effect. A recompile of
Apache is not needed.
</p>
<p class="para">
Note that unless told otherwise, 'make install' will also install PEAR,
various PHP tools such as phpize, install the PHP CLI, and more.
</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p class="para">
Setup your php.ini
</p>
<div class="example" id="example-18">
<div class="example-contents screen">
<div class="cdata"><pre>
cp php.ini-development /usr/local/lib/php.ini
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<p class="para">
You may edit your .ini file to set PHP options. If you prefer having
php.ini in another location, use --with-config-file-path=/some/path in
step 5.
</p>
<p class="para">
If you instead choose php.ini-production, be certain to read the list
of changes within, as they affect how PHP behaves.
</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p class="para">
Edit your httpd.conf to load the PHP module. The path on the right hand
side of the LoadModule statement must point to the path of the PHP
module on your system. The make install from above may have already
added this for you, but be sure to check.
</p>
<div class="example" id="example-19">
<div class="example-contents">
<div class="apache-confcode"><pre class="apache-confcode">LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p class="para">
Tell Apache to parse certain extensions as PHP. For example, let's have
Apache parse .php files as PHP. Instead of only using the Apache AddType
directive, we want to avoid potentially dangerous uploads and created
files such as exploit.php.jpg from being executed as PHP. Using this
example, you could have any extension(s) parse as PHP by simply adding
them. We'll add .php to demonstrate.
</p>
<div class="example" id="example-20">
<div class="example-contents">
<div class="apache-confcode"><pre class="apache-confcode"><FilesMatch \.php$>
SetHandler application/x-httpd-php
</FilesMatch></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p class="para">
Or, if we wanted to allow .php, .php2, .php3, .php4, .php5, .php6, and
.phtml files to be executed as PHP, but nothing else, we'd use this:
</p>
<div class="example" id="example-21">
<div class="example-contents">
<div class="apache-confcode"><pre class="apache-confcode"><FilesMatch "\.ph(p[2-6]?|tml)$">
SetHandler application/x-httpd-php
</FilesMatch></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p class="para">
And to allow .phps files to be handled by the php source filter, and
displayed as syntax-highlighted source code, use this:
</p>
<div class="example" id="example-22">
<div class="example-contents">
<div class="apache-confcode"><pre class="apache-confcode"><FilesMatch "\.phps$">
SetHandler application/x-httpd-php-source
</FilesMatch></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p class="para">
mod_rewrite may be used To allow any arbitrary .php file to be displayed
as syntax-highlighted source code, without having to rename or copy it
to a .phps file:
</p>
<div class="example" id="example-23">
<div class="example-contents">
<div class="apache-confcode"><pre class="apache-confcode">RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule (.*\.php)s$ $1 [H=application/x-httpd-php-source]</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p class="para">
The php source filter should not be enabled on production systems, where
it may expose confidential or otherwise sensitive information embedded in
source code.
</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p class="para">
Use your normal procedure for starting the Apache server, e.g.:
</p>
<div class="example" id="example-24">
<div class="example-contents screen">
<div class="cdata"><pre>
/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<p class="para">OR</p>
<div class="example" id="example-25">
<div class="example-contents screen">
<div class="cdata"><pre>
service httpd restart
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
<p class="para">
Following the steps above you will have a running Apache2 web server with
support for PHP as a <em>SAPI</em> module. Of course there are
many more configuration options available Apache and PHP. For more
information type <strong class="command">./configure --help</strong> in the corresponding
source tree.
</p>
<p class="para">
Apache may be built multithreaded by selecting the
<var class="filename">worker</var> MPM, rather than the standard
<var class="filename">prefork</var> MPM, when Apache is built. This is done by
adding the following option to the argument passed to ./configure, in
step 3 above:
</p>
<div class="example" id="example-26">
<div class="example-contents screen"><br />
--with-mpm=worker<br />
</div>
</div>
<p class="para">
This should not be undertaken without being aware of the consequences of
this decision, and having at least a fair understanding of
the implications. The Apache documentation
regarding <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mpm.html" class="link external">» MPM-Modules</a>
discusses MPMs in a great deal more detail.
</p>
<blockquote class="note"><p><strong class="note">Note</strong>:
<p class="para">
The <a href="faq.installation.html#faq.installation.apache.multiviews" class="link">Apache MultiViews
FAQ</a> discusses using multiviews with PHP.
</p>
</p></blockquote>
<blockquote class="note"><p><strong class="note">Note</strong>:
<p class="para">
To build a multithreaded version of Apache, the target system must support threads.
In this case, PHP should also be built with experimental
Zend Thread Safety (ZTS). Under this configuration, not all extensions will be available.
The recommended setup is to build Apache with the default
<var class="filename">prefork</var> MPM-Module.
</p>
</p></blockquote>
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