<!-- manual page source format generated by PolyglotMan v3.0.9, --> <!-- available via anonymous ftp from ftp.cs.berkeley.edu:/ucb/people/phelps/tcltk/rman.tar.Z --> <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>winop(n) manual page</TITLE><!--#include virtual="/man/maninc.html"--> </HEAD> <BODY bgcolor=white> <A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A><P> <H2><A NAME="sect0" HREF="#toc0">Name</A></H2> winop - Perform assorted window and image operations <H2><A NAME="sect1" HREF="#toc1">Synopsis</A></H2> <P> <B>winop changes</B> <I>window</I> <P> <B>winop image</B> <I>subcommand</I> ... <blockquote><P> <B>winop image colors</B> ?-alpha? <I>srcImage</I> <P> <B>winop image convolve</B> <I>srcImage</I> <I>destImage</I> <I>filter</I> <P> <B>winop image gradient</B> <I>image</I> <I>leftcolor</I> <I>rightcolor</I> ?<B>lines|normal|rectangular|linear|radial|sine|halfsine|blank</B>? ?<I>skew</I>? <P> <B>winop image merge</B> <I>srcImage1</I> <I>srcImage2</I> <I>destImage</I> ?<I>alpha</I>? <P> <B>winop image mirror</B> <I>srcImage1</I> <I>destImage</I> ?<I>x|y|xy|tile</I>? <P> <B>winop image quantize</B> <I>srcImage</I> <I>destImage</I> ?<I>nColors</I>? <P> <B>winop image readjpeg</B> <I>filename</I> <I>photoname</I> <P> <B>winop image resample</B> <I>srcImage</I> <I>destImage</I> ?<I>horizFilter</I>? ?<I>vertFilter</I>? <P> <B>winop image rotate</B> <I>srcImage</I> <I>destImage</I> <I>angle</I> <P> <B>winop image subsample</B> <I>srcImage</I> <I>destImage</I> <I>x</I> <I>y</I> <I>width</I> <I>height</I> ?<I>horizFilter</I>? ?<I>vertFilter</I>? <P> <B>winop image snap <I>window photoName</I></B> <P> <B>winop image transparent</B> <I>srcImage</I> <I>destImage</I> <I>color</I> </blockquote> <P> <P> <B>winop lower</B> ?<I>window</I>?... <P> <B>winop map</B> ?<I>window</I>?... <P> <B>winop move <I>window x y</I></B> <P> <B>winop query</B> <P> <B>winop raise</B> ?<I>window</I>?... <P> <B>winop unmap</B> ?<I>window</I>?... <P> <B>winop warpto</B> ?<I>window</I>? <H2><A NAME="sect2" HREF="#toc2">Description</A></H2> The <B>winop</B> command performs various window and image operations on Tk windows using low-level Xlib function calls to work around window manager pecularities. <H2><A NAME="sect3" HREF="#toc3">Introduction</A></H2> Tk has several commands for manipulating its windows: <B>raise</B>, <B>lower</B>, <B>wm</B>, etc. These commands ask the window manager to perform operations on Tk windows. In some cases, a particular window manager won't perform the operation as expected. <P> For example, if you positioned a toplevel window using <B>wm geometry</B>, the window may not actually be at those particular coordinates. The position of the window may be offset by dimensions of the title bar added by the window manager. <P> In situations like these, the <B>winop</B> command can be used to workaround these difficulties. Instead, it makes low-level Xlib (such <B>XRaiseWindow</B> and <B>XMapWindow</B>) calls to perform these operations. <BR> <CODE>toplevel .top<BR> wm withdraw .top<BR> <P> # Set the geometry to make the window manager <BR> # place the window.<BR> wm geometry .top +100+100<BR> <P> # Move the window to the desired location<BR> # and "update" to force the window manager<BR> # to recognize it.<BR> winop move .top 100 100<BR> update <BR> <P> wm deiconify .top<BR> winop move .top 100 100<BR> <H2><A NAME="sect4" HREF="#toc4"></CODE>Operations</A></H2> The following operations are available for the <B>winop</B> command: <DL> <DT><B>winop changes</B> <I>window</I> </DT> <DD>Realize window. </DD> <DT><B>winop image</B> <I>subcommand</I> ... </DT> <DD>Image sub-commands. <blockquote></DD> <DT><B>winop image alpha </B> <I>srcImage</I> <I>destImage</I> <I>color</I> ?<I>alpha</I>? </DT> <DD>Set image pixels of the given color to transparent. If an alpha value is not given, it defaults to <B>0</B> (meaning transparent). An alpha of 255 is used for solid. The <I>srcImage</I> and <I>destImage</I> may be the same. </DD> <DT><B>winop image colors</B> ?<B>-alpha</B>? ?<B>-count</B>? <I>srcImage</I> </DT> <DD>Return list of distinct colors. If -alpha is given, the alpha is appended to each color after a colon, eg <I>#FF0000:00</I>. If <B>-count</B> is given, returns color/count pairs. </DD> <DT><B>winop image convolve</B> <I>srcImage</I> <I>destImage</I> <I>filter</I> </DT> <DD>Convolve an image: filter is a list of numbers. The <I>srcImage</I> and <I>destImage</I> may be the same. </DD> <DT><B>winop image gradient</B> <I>image</I> <I>leftcolor</I> <I>rightcolor</I> ... </DT> <DD>Generate a gradient into <I>image</I>. <blockquote></DD> <DT>-type halfsine|sine|linear|rectangular|radial|blank </DT> <DD>Set the type of gradient. The default is <B>sine</B>. </DD> <DT>-skew N </DT> <DD>The <I>skew</I> determines the initial fraction of the image that the gradient occupies, after which only rightcolor is used. The skew must be > 0 and <= 1.0 and has a default value of <I>1.0</I> (ie. not skewed). </DD> <DT>-slant N </DT> <DD>Make the gradient slant where a value of 1.0 slants at 45 degrees. The value must be between -100.0 and 100.0. </DD> <DT>-curve N </DT> <DD>Curve the gradient by passing the <I>Y</I> position to a function (see <I>-func</I>) scaled with the given value. The value must be between -100.0 and 100.0 (typically 1.0). </DD> <DT>-func X </DT> <DD>Function to use with <I>-curve</I>. The default value is <B>sin</B>. The value must be one of: <B>sin cos tan sinh cosh tanh asin acos atan log log10 exp sqrt rand circle</B>. </DD> <DT>-rand N </DT> <DD>Add small random purturbations to gradient to avoid striation lines. The value must be between 0.0 and 0.1. </DD> </DL> </blockquote> <DL> <DT><B>winop image merge</B> <I>srcImage1</I> <I>srcImage2</I> <I>destImage</I> ?<I>alpha</I>? </DT> <DD>Merge two images with alpha blending. The default alpha is 128. </DD> <DT><B>winop image mirror</B> <I>srcImage1</I> <I>destImage</I> ?<I>x|y|xy|tile</I>? </DT> <DD>Flips an image on axis x, y or xy. The <I>tile</I> option results in a double size image with mirror copies appended to generate a tile-able image. The <I>srcImage1</I> and <I>destImage</I> must not be the same if using <I>tile</I>. The default is <B>xy</B>. </DD> <DT><B>winop image quantize</B> <I>srcImage</I> <I>destImage</I> ?<I>nColors</I>? </DT> <DD>Limit number of colors in image. Default 1. The <I>srcImage</I> and <I>destImage</I> may be the same. </DD> <DT><B>winop image readjpeg</B> <I>filename</I> <I>photoname</I> </DT> <DD>Read a jpeg image using libjpeg. IMG makes this obsolete (and thus probably not builtin). </DD> <DT><B>winop image recolor</B> <I>srcImage</I> <I>destImage</I> <I>oldColor</I> <I>newColor</I> ?<I>alpha</I>? </DT> <DD>Change pixels from <I>oldColor</I> to <I>newColor</I>. If ?<I>alpha</I>? is not given it defaults to 255 (opaque). The <I>srcImage</I> and <I>destImage</I> may be the same. </DD> <DT><B>winop image resample</B> <I>srcImage</I> <I>destImage</I> ?<I>horizFilter</I>? ?<I>vertFilter</I>? </DT> <DD>Resample an image. If <I>srcImage</I> and <I>destImage</I> are the same size, just makes a copy. Otherwise the image is resized to the size of <I>destImage</I>, possibly wih filtering. Filters are one of: <B>bell bessel box bspline catrom default dummy gauss8 gaussian gi lanczos3 mitchell none sinc triangle</B>. The <I>destImage</I> must be greater than 1x1. </DD> <DT><B>winop image rotate</B> <I>srcImage</I> <I>destImage</I> <I>angle</I> </DT> <DD>Rotate an image. The <I>srcImage</I> and <I>destImage</I> may be the same. </DD> <DT><B>winop image subsample</B> <I>srcImage</I> <I>destImage</I> <I>x</I> <I>y</I> <I>width</I> <I>height</I> ?<I>horizFilter</I>? ?<I>vertFilter</I>? </DT> <DD>Resample area of an image. See resample. </DD> <DT><B>winop image snap <I>window photoName</I></B> </DT> <DD>Takes a snapshot of the <I>window</I> and stores the contents in the photo image <I>photoName</I>. <I>Window</I> is the valid path name of a Tk window which must be totally visible (unobscured). <I>PhotoName</I> is the name of a Tk photo image which must already exist. This command can fail if the window is obscured in any fashion, such as covered by another window or partially offscreen. In that case, an error message is returned. </DD> </DL> </blockquote> <DL> <DT><B>winop lower</B> ?<I>window</I>?... </DT> <DD>Lowers <I>window</I> to the bottom of the X window stack. <I>Window</I> is the path name of a Tk window. </DD> <DT><B>winop map</B> ?<I>window</I>?... </DT> <DD>Maps <I>window</I> on the screen. <I>Window</I> is the path name of a Tk window. If <I>window</I> is already mapped, this command has no effect. </DD> <DT><B>winop move <I>window x y</I></B> </DT> <DD>Move <I>window</I> to the screen location specified by <I>x</I> and <I>y</I>. <I>Window</I> is the path name of a Tk window, while <I>x</I> and <I>y</I> are screen coordinates. This command returns the empty string. </DD> <DT><B>winop query</B> </DT> <DD>Query pointer position. Returns @X,Y. </DD> <DT><B>winop raise</B> ?<I>window</I>?... </DT> <DD>Raises <I>window</I> to the top of the X window stack. <I>Window</I> must be a valid path name of a Tk window. This command returns the empty string. </DD> <DT><B>winop unmap</B> ?<I>window</I>?... </DT> <DD>Unmaps <I>window</I> from the screen. <I>Window</I> is the path name of a Tk window. </DD> <DT><B>winop warpto</B> ?<I>window</I>? </DT> <DD>Warps the pointer to <I>window</I>. <I>Window</I> is the path name of a Tk window which must be mapped. If <I>window</I> is in the form <I>@x,y</I>, where <I>x</I> and <I>y</I> are root screen coordinates, the pointer is warped to that location on the screen. <P> [<I>I've never heard a good case for warping the pointer in an application. It can be useful for testing, but in applications, it's always a bad idea. Simply stated, the user owns the pointer, not the application. If you have an application that needs it, I'd like to hear about it.</I>] <P> If no <I>window</I> argument is present the current location of the pointer is returned. The location is returned as a list in the form "<I>x y</I>", where <I>x</I> and <I>y</I> are the current coordinates of the pointer. </DD> </DL> <H2><A NAME="sect5" HREF="#toc5">Keywords</A></H2> window, map, raise, lower, pointer, warp <P> <P> <HR><P> <A NAME="toc"><B>Table of Contents</B></A><P> <UL> <LI><A NAME="toc0" HREF="#sect0">Name</A></LI> <LI><A NAME="toc1" HREF="#sect1">Synopsis</A></LI> <LI><A NAME="toc2" HREF="#sect2">Description</A></LI> <LI><A NAME="toc3" HREF="#sect3">Introduction</A></LI> <LI><A NAME="toc4" HREF="#sect4">Operations</A></LI> <LI><A NAME="toc5" HREF="#sect5">Keywords</A></LI> </UL> </BODY></HTML>