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<div class="section" id="module-sunau">
<span id="sunau-read-and-write-sun-au-files"></span><h1>22.3. <a class="reference internal" href="#module-sunau" title="sunau: Provide an interface to the Sun AU sound format."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">sunau</span></code></a> — Read and write Sun AU files<a class="headerlink" href="#module-sunau" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p><strong>Source code:</strong> <a class="reference external" href="https://hg.python.org/cpython/file/3.5/Lib/sunau.py">Lib/sunau.py</a></p>
<hr class="docutils" />
<p>The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-sunau" title="sunau: Provide an interface to the Sun AU sound format."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">sunau</span></code></a> module provides a convenient interface to the Sun AU sound
format. Note that this module is interface-compatible with the modules
<a class="reference internal" href="aifc.html#module-aifc" title="aifc: Read and write audio files in AIFF or AIFC format."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">aifc</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="wave.html#module-wave" title="wave: Provide an interface to the WAV sound format."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">wave</span></code></a>.</p>
<p>An audio file consists of a header followed by the data. The fields of the
header are:</p>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="24%" />
<col width="76%" />
</colgroup>
<thead valign="bottom">
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head">Field</th>
<th class="head">Contents</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="row-even"><td>magic word</td>
<td>The four bytes <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">.snd</span></code>.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>header size</td>
<td>Size of the header, including info, in bytes.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>data size</td>
<td>Physical size of the data, in bytes.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>encoding</td>
<td>Indicates how the audio samples are encoded.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>sample rate</td>
<td>The sampling rate.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td># of channels</td>
<td>The number of channels in the samples.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>info</td>
<td>ASCII string giving a description of the
audio file (padded with null bytes).</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Apart from the info field, all header fields are 4 bytes in size. They are all
32-bit unsigned integers encoded in big-endian byte order.</p>
<p>The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-sunau" title="sunau: Provide an interface to the Sun AU sound format."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">sunau</span></code></a> module defines the following functions:</p>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="sunau.open">
<code class="descclassname">sunau.</code><code class="descname">open</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>file</em>, <em>mode</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.open" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>If <em>file</em> is a string, open the file by that name, otherwise treat it as a
seekable file-like object. <em>mode</em> can be any of</p>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'r'</span></code></dt>
<dd>Read only mode.</dd>
<dt><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'w'</span></code></dt>
<dd>Write only mode.</dd>
</dl>
<p>Note that it does not allow read/write files.</p>
<p>A <em>mode</em> of <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'r'</span></code> returns an <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">AU_read</span></code> object, while a <em>mode</em> of <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'w'</span></code>
or <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'wb'</span></code> returns an <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">AU_write</span></code> object.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="sunau.openfp">
<code class="descclassname">sunau.</code><code class="descname">openfp</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>file</em>, <em>mode</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.openfp" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>A synonym for <a class="reference internal" href="#sunau.open" title="sunau.open"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">open()</span></code></a>, maintained for backwards compatibility.</p>
</dd></dl>
<p>The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-sunau" title="sunau: Provide an interface to the Sun AU sound format."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">sunau</span></code></a> module defines the following exception:</p>
<dl class="exception">
<dt id="sunau.Error">
<em class="property">exception </em><code class="descclassname">sunau.</code><code class="descname">Error</code><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.Error" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>An error raised when something is impossible because of Sun AU specs or
implementation deficiency.</p>
</dd></dl>
<p>The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-sunau" title="sunau: Provide an interface to the Sun AU sound format."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">sunau</span></code></a> module defines the following data items:</p>
<dl class="data">
<dt id="sunau.AUDIO_FILE_MAGIC">
<code class="descclassname">sunau.</code><code class="descname">AUDIO_FILE_MAGIC</code><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AUDIO_FILE_MAGIC" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>An integer every valid Sun AU file begins with, stored in big-endian form. This
is the string <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">.snd</span></code> interpreted as an integer.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="data">
<dt id="sunau.AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_MULAW_8">
<code class="descclassname">sunau.</code><code class="descname">AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_MULAW_8</code><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_MULAW_8" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dt id="sunau.AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_LINEAR_8">
<code class="descclassname">sunau.</code><code class="descname">AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_LINEAR_8</code><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_LINEAR_8" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dt id="sunau.AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_LINEAR_16">
<code class="descclassname">sunau.</code><code class="descname">AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_LINEAR_16</code><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_LINEAR_16" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dt id="sunau.AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_LINEAR_24">
<code class="descclassname">sunau.</code><code class="descname">AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_LINEAR_24</code><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_LINEAR_24" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dt id="sunau.AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_LINEAR_32">
<code class="descclassname">sunau.</code><code class="descname">AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_LINEAR_32</code><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_LINEAR_32" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dt id="sunau.AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_ALAW_8">
<code class="descclassname">sunau.</code><code class="descname">AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_ALAW_8</code><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_ALAW_8" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Values of the encoding field from the AU header which are supported by this
module.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="data">
<dt id="sunau.AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_FLOAT">
<code class="descclassname">sunau.</code><code class="descname">AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_FLOAT</code><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_FLOAT" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dt id="sunau.AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_DOUBLE">
<code class="descclassname">sunau.</code><code class="descname">AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_DOUBLE</code><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_DOUBLE" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dt id="sunau.AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_ADPCM_G721">
<code class="descclassname">sunau.</code><code class="descname">AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_ADPCM_G721</code><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_ADPCM_G721" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dt id="sunau.AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_ADPCM_G722">
<code class="descclassname">sunau.</code><code class="descname">AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_ADPCM_G722</code><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_ADPCM_G722" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dt id="sunau.AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_ADPCM_G723_3">
<code class="descclassname">sunau.</code><code class="descname">AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_ADPCM_G723_3</code><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_ADPCM_G723_3" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dt id="sunau.AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_ADPCM_G723_5">
<code class="descclassname">sunau.</code><code class="descname">AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_ADPCM_G723_5</code><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AUDIO_FILE_ENCODING_ADPCM_G723_5" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Additional known values of the encoding field from the AU header, but which are
not supported by this module.</p>
</dd></dl>
<div class="section" id="au-read-objects">
<span id="id1"></span><h2>22.3.1. AU_read Objects<a class="headerlink" href="#au-read-objects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>AU_read objects, as returned by <a class="reference internal" href="#sunau.open" title="sunau.open"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">open()</span></code></a> above, have the following methods:</p>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="sunau.AU_read.close">
<code class="descclassname">AU_read.</code><code class="descname">close</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AU_read.close" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Close the stream, and make the instance unusable. (This is called automatically
on deletion.)</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="sunau.AU_read.getnchannels">
<code class="descclassname">AU_read.</code><code class="descname">getnchannels</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AU_read.getnchannels" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns number of audio channels (1 for mone, 2 for stereo).</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="sunau.AU_read.getsampwidth">
<code class="descclassname">AU_read.</code><code class="descname">getsampwidth</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AU_read.getsampwidth" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns sample width in bytes.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="sunau.AU_read.getframerate">
<code class="descclassname">AU_read.</code><code class="descname">getframerate</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AU_read.getframerate" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns sampling frequency.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="sunau.AU_read.getnframes">
<code class="descclassname">AU_read.</code><code class="descname">getnframes</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AU_read.getnframes" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns number of audio frames.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="sunau.AU_read.getcomptype">
<code class="descclassname">AU_read.</code><code class="descname">getcomptype</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AU_read.getcomptype" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns compression type. Supported compression types are <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'ULAW'</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'ALAW'</span></code>
and <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'NONE'</span></code>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="sunau.AU_read.getcompname">
<code class="descclassname">AU_read.</code><code class="descname">getcompname</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AU_read.getcompname" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Human-readable version of <a class="reference internal" href="#sunau.AU_read.getcomptype" title="sunau.AU_read.getcomptype"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">getcomptype()</span></code></a>. The supported types have the
respective names <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'CCITT</span> <span class="pre">G.711</span> <span class="pre">u-law'</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'CCITT</span> <span class="pre">G.711</span> <span class="pre">A-law'</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'not</span>
<span class="pre">compressed'</span></code>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="sunau.AU_read.getparams">
<code class="descclassname">AU_read.</code><code class="descname">getparams</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AU_read.getparams" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns a <a class="reference internal" href="collections.html#collections.namedtuple" title="collections.namedtuple"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">namedtuple()</span></code></a> <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(nchannels,</span> <span class="pre">sampwidth,</span>
<span class="pre">framerate,</span> <span class="pre">nframes,</span> <span class="pre">comptype,</span> <span class="pre">compname)</span></code>, equivalent to output of the
<code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">get*()</span></code> methods.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="sunau.AU_read.readframes">
<code class="descclassname">AU_read.</code><code class="descname">readframes</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>n</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AU_read.readframes" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Reads and returns at most <em>n</em> frames of audio, as a <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#bytes" title="bytes"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">bytes</span></code></a> object. The data
will be returned in linear format. If the original data is in u-LAW format, it
will be converted.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="sunau.AU_read.rewind">
<code class="descclassname">AU_read.</code><code class="descname">rewind</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AU_read.rewind" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Rewind the file pointer to the beginning of the audio stream.</p>
</dd></dl>
<p>The following two methods define a term “position” which is compatible between
them, and is otherwise implementation dependent.</p>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="sunau.AU_read.setpos">
<code class="descclassname">AU_read.</code><code class="descname">setpos</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>pos</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AU_read.setpos" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Set the file pointer to the specified position. Only values returned from
<a class="reference internal" href="#sunau.AU_read.tell" title="sunau.AU_read.tell"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">tell()</span></code></a> should be used for <em>pos</em>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="sunau.AU_read.tell">
<code class="descclassname">AU_read.</code><code class="descname">tell</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AU_read.tell" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return current file pointer position. Note that the returned value has nothing
to do with the actual position in the file.</p>
</dd></dl>
<p>The following two functions are defined for compatibility with the <a class="reference internal" href="aifc.html#module-aifc" title="aifc: Read and write audio files in AIFF or AIFC format."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">aifc</span></code></a>,
and don’t do anything interesting.</p>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="sunau.AU_read.getmarkers">
<code class="descclassname">AU_read.</code><code class="descname">getmarkers</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AU_read.getmarkers" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">None</span></code>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="sunau.AU_read.getmark">
<code class="descclassname">AU_read.</code><code class="descname">getmark</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>id</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AU_read.getmark" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Raise an error.</p>
</dd></dl>
</div>
<div class="section" id="au-write-objects">
<span id="id2"></span><h2>22.3.2. AU_write Objects<a class="headerlink" href="#au-write-objects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>AU_write objects, as returned by <a class="reference internal" href="#sunau.open" title="sunau.open"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">open()</span></code></a> above, have the following methods:</p>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="sunau.AU_write.setnchannels">
<code class="descclassname">AU_write.</code><code class="descname">setnchannels</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>n</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AU_write.setnchannels" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Set the number of channels.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="sunau.AU_write.setsampwidth">
<code class="descclassname">AU_write.</code><code class="descname">setsampwidth</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>n</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AU_write.setsampwidth" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Set the sample width (in bytes.)</p>
<div class="versionchanged">
<p><span class="versionmodified">Changed in version 3.4: </span>Added support for 24-bit samples.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="sunau.AU_write.setframerate">
<code class="descclassname">AU_write.</code><code class="descname">setframerate</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>n</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AU_write.setframerate" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Set the frame rate.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="sunau.AU_write.setnframes">
<code class="descclassname">AU_write.</code><code class="descname">setnframes</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>n</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AU_write.setnframes" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Set the number of frames. This can be later changed, when and if more frames
are written.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="sunau.AU_write.setcomptype">
<code class="descclassname">AU_write.</code><code class="descname">setcomptype</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>type</em>, <em>name</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AU_write.setcomptype" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Set the compression type and description. Only <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'NONE'</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'ULAW'</span></code> are
supported on output.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="sunau.AU_write.setparams">
<code class="descclassname">AU_write.</code><code class="descname">setparams</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>tuple</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AU_write.setparams" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>The <em>tuple</em> should be <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(nchannels,</span> <span class="pre">sampwidth,</span> <span class="pre">framerate,</span> <span class="pre">nframes,</span> <span class="pre">comptype,</span>
<span class="pre">compname)</span></code>, with values valid for the <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">set*()</span></code> methods. Set all
parameters.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="sunau.AU_write.tell">
<code class="descclassname">AU_write.</code><code class="descname">tell</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AU_write.tell" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return current position in the file, with the same disclaimer for the
<a class="reference internal" href="#sunau.AU_read.tell" title="sunau.AU_read.tell"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">AU_read.tell()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="#sunau.AU_read.setpos" title="sunau.AU_read.setpos"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">AU_read.setpos()</span></code></a> methods.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="sunau.AU_write.writeframesraw">
<code class="descclassname">AU_write.</code><code class="descname">writeframesraw</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>data</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AU_write.writeframesraw" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Write audio frames, without correcting <em>nframes</em>.</p>
<div class="versionchanged">
<p><span class="versionmodified">Changed in version 3.4: </span>Any <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-bytes-like-object"><span class="xref std std-term">bytes-like object</span></a> is now accepted.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="sunau.AU_write.writeframes">
<code class="descclassname">AU_write.</code><code class="descname">writeframes</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>data</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AU_write.writeframes" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Write audio frames and make sure <em>nframes</em> is correct.</p>
<div class="versionchanged">
<p><span class="versionmodified">Changed in version 3.4: </span>Any <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-bytes-like-object"><span class="xref std std-term">bytes-like object</span></a> is now accepted.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="sunau.AU_write.close">
<code class="descclassname">AU_write.</code><code class="descname">close</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#sunau.AU_write.close" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Make sure <em>nframes</em> is correct, and close the file.</p>
<p>This method is called upon deletion.</p>
</dd></dl>
<p>Note that it is invalid to set any parameters after calling <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">writeframes()</span></code>
or <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">writeframesraw()</span></code>.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">22.3. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sunau</span></code> — Read and write Sun AU files</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#au-read-objects">22.3.1. AU_read Objects</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#au-write-objects">22.3.2. AU_write Objects</a></li>
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