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<ol class="chapter"><li><a href="what-is-rustc.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> What is rustc?</a></li><li><a href="command-line-arguments.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> Command-line arguments</a></li><li><a href="lints/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Lints</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li><a href="lints/levels.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> Lint levels</a></li><li><a href="lints/groups.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> Lint Groups</a></li><li><a href="lints/listing/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> Lint listing</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li><a href="lints/listing/allowed-by-default.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.1.</strong> Allowed-by-default lints</a></li><li><a href="lints/listing/warn-by-default.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.2.</strong> Warn-by-default lints</a></li><li><a href="lints/listing/deny-by-default.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.3.</strong> Deny-by-default lints</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><a href="codegen-options/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.</strong> Codegen options</a></li><li><a href="targets/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.</strong> Targets</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li><a href="targets/built-in.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.1.</strong> Built-in Targets</a></li><li><a href="targets/custom.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.</strong> Custom Targets</a></li></ol></li><li><a href="contributing.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.</strong> Contributing to rustc</a></li></ol>
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<h1 class="menu-title">The rustc book</h1>
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<a class="header" href="what-is-rustc.html#what-is-rustc" id="what-is-rustc"><h1>What is rustc?</h1></a>
<p>Welcome to "The rustc book"! <code>rustc</code> is the compiler for the Rust programming
language, provided by the project itself. Compilers take your source code and
produce binary code, either as a library or executable.</p>
<p>Most Rust programmers don't invoke <code>rustc</code> directly, but instead do it through
<a href="../cargo/index.html">Cargo</a>. It's all in service of <code>rustc</code> though! If you
want to see how Cargo calls <code>rustc</code>, you can</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">$ cargo build --verbose
</code></pre>
<p>And it will print out each <code>rustc</code> invocation. This book can help you
understand what each of these options does. Additionally, while most
Rustaceans use Cargo, not all do: sometimes they integrate <code>rustc</code> into other
build systems. This book should provide a guide to all of the options you'd
need to do so.</p>
<a class="header" href="what-is-rustc.html#basic-usage" id="basic-usage"><h2>Basic usage</h2></a>
<p>Let's say you've got a little hello world program in a file <code>hello.rs</code>:</p>
<pre><pre class="playpen"><code class="language-rust">fn main() {
println!("Hello, world!");
}
</code></pre></pre>
<p>To turn this source code into an executable, you can use <code>rustc</code>:</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">$ rustc hello.rs
$ ./hello # on a *NIX
$ .\hello.exe # on Windows
</code></pre>
<p>Note that we only ever pass <code>rustc</code> the <em>crate root</em>, not every file we wish
to compile. For example, if we had a <code>main.rs</code> that looked like this:</p>
<pre><code class="language-rust ignore">mod foo;
fn main() {
foo::hello();
}
</code></pre>
<p>And a <code>foo.rs</code> that had this:</p>
<pre><code class="language-rust ignore">fn hello() {
println!("Hello, world!");
}
</code></pre>
<p>To compile this, we'd run this command:</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">$ rustc main.rs
</code></pre>
<p>No need to tell <code>rustc</code> about <code>foo.rs</code>; the <code>mod</code> statements give it
everything that it needs. This is different than how you would use a C
compiler, where you invoke the compiler on each file, and then link
everything together. In other words, the <em>crate</em> is a translation unit, not a
particular module.</p>
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