=====================
Installing Spatialite
=====================

`SpatiaLite`__ adds spatial support to SQLite, turning it into a full-featured
spatial database.

Check first if you can install Spatialite from system packages or binaries. For
example, on Debian-based distributions, try to install the ``spatialite-bin``
package. For Mac OS X, follow the
:ref:`specific instructions below<spatialite_macosx>`. For Windows, you may
find binaries on `Gaia-SINS`__ home page. In any case, you should always
be able to :ref:`install from source<spatialite_source>`.

When you are done with the installation process, skip to :ref:`create_spatialite_db`.

__ https://www.gaia-gis.it/fossil/libspatialite
__ http://www.gaia-gis.it/gaia-sins/

.. _spatialite_source:

Installing from source
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

:doc:`GEOS and PROJ.4</ref/contrib/gis/install/geolibs>` should be installed
prior to building SpatiaLite.

SQLite
^^^^^^

Check first if SQLite is compiled with the `R*Tree module`__. Run the sqlite3
command line interface and enter the following query::

    sqlite> CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE testrtree USING rtree(id,minX,maxX,minY,maxY);

If you obtain an error, you will have to recompile SQLite from source. Otherwise,
just skip this section.

To install from sources, download the latest amalgamation source archive from
the `SQLite download page`__, and extract::

    $ wget http://sqlite.org/sqlite-amalgamation-3.6.23.1.tar.gz
    $ tar xzf sqlite-amalgamation-3.6.23.1.tar.gz
    $ cd sqlite-3.6.23.1

Next, run the ``configure`` script -- however the ``CFLAGS`` environment variable
needs to be customized so that SQLite knows to build the R*Tree module::

    $ CFLAGS="-DSQLITE_ENABLE_RTREE=1" ./configure
    $ make
    $ sudo make install
    $ cd ..

__ http://www.sqlite.org/rtree.html
__ http://www.sqlite.org/download.html

.. _spatialitebuild:

SpatiaLite library (``libspatialite``)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Get the latest SpatiaLite library source bundle from the
`download page`__::

    $ wget http://www.gaia-gis.it/gaia-sins/libspatialite-sources/libspatialite-4.1.0.tar.gz
    $ tar xaf libspatialite-4.1.0.tar.gz
    $ cd libspatialite-4.1.0
    $ ./configure
    $ make
    $ sudo make install

.. note::

    For Mac OS X users building from source, the SpatiaLite library *and* tools
    need to have their ``target`` configured::

        $ ./configure --target=macosx

__ http://www.gaia-gis.it/gaia-sins/libspatialite-sources/

.. _pysqlite2:

pysqlite2
^^^^^^^^^

If you've decided to use a :ref:`newer version of pysqlite2
<using-newer-versions-of-pysqlite>` instead of the ``sqlite3`` Python stdlib
module, then you need to make sure it can load external extensions (i.e. the
required ``enable_load_extension`` method is available so ``SpatiaLite`` can be
loaded).

This might involve building it yourself. For this, download pysqlite2 2.6, and
untar::

    $ wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/p/pysqlite/pysqlite-2.6.3.tar.gz
    $ tar xzf pysqlite-2.6.3.tar.gz
    $ cd pysqlite-2.6.3

Next, use a text editor to edit the ``setup.cfg`` file to look like the
following:

.. code-block:: ini

    [build_ext]
    #define=
    include_dirs=/usr/local/include
    library_dirs=/usr/local/lib
    libraries=sqlite3
    #define=SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION

or if you are on Mac OS X:

.. code-block:: ini

    [build_ext]
    #define=
    include_dirs=/Library/Frameworks/SQLite3.framework/unix/include
    library_dirs=/Library/Frameworks/SQLite3.framework/unix/lib
    libraries=sqlite3
    #define=SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION

.. note::

    The important thing here is to make sure you comment out the
    ``define=SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION`` flag and that the ``include_dirs``
    and ``library_dirs`` settings are uncommented and set to the appropriate
    path if the SQLite header files and libraries are not in ``/usr/include``
    and ``/usr/lib``, respectively.

After modifying ``setup.cfg`` appropriately, then run the ``setup.py`` script
to build and install::

    $ python setup.py install

.. _spatialite_macosx:

Mac OS X-specific instructions
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

To install the SpatiaLite library and tools, Mac OS X users can choose between
:ref:`kyngchaos` and `Homebrew`_.

KyngChaos
^^^^^^^^^

First, follow the instructions in the :ref:`kyngchaos` section.

When :ref:`create_spatialite_db`, the ``spatialite`` program is required.
However, instead of attempting to compile the SpatiaLite tools from source,
download the `SpatiaLite Binaries`__ for OS X, and install ``spatialite`` in a
location available in your ``PATH``.  For example::

    $ curl -O http://www.gaia-gis.it/spatialite/spatialite-tools-osx-x86-2.3.1.tar.gz
    $ tar xzf spatialite-tools-osx-x86-2.3.1.tar.gz
    $ cd spatialite-tools-osx-x86-2.3.1/bin
    $ sudo cp spatialite /Library/Frameworks/SQLite3.framework/Programs

Finally, for GeoDjango to be able to find the KyngChaos SpatiaLite library,
add the following to your ``settings.py``::

    SPATIALITE_LIBRARY_PATH='/Library/Frameworks/SQLite3.framework/SQLite3'

__ http://www.gaia-gis.it/spatialite-2.3.1/binaries.html

Homebrew
^^^^^^^^

`Homebrew`_ handles all the SpatiaLite related packages on your behalf,
including SQLite3, SpatiaLite, PROJ, and GEOS. Install them like this::

    $ brew update
    $ brew install spatialite-tools
    $ brew install gdal

Finally, for GeoDjango to be able to find the SpatiaLite library, add the
following to your ``settings.py``::

    SPATIALITE_LIBRARY_PATH='/usr/local/lib/mod_spatialite.dylib'

.. _Homebrew: http://brew.sh/

.. _create_spatialite_db:

Creating a spatial database for SpatiaLite
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

When running ``manage.py migrate`` with a SQLite or SpatiaLite database, the
database file will be automatically created if it doesn't exist. Django will
also ensure that the spatial metadata are initialized in the database.

.. versionchanged:: 1.8

    Prior to Django 1.8, you had to initialize spatial metadata tables yourself
    by manually running the "SELECT InitSpatialMetaData();" query.