<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <!-- clocks.qdoc --> <title>Qt Quick Demo - Clocks | Qt Quick 5.9</title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style/offline-simple.css" /> <script type="text/javascript"> document.getElementsByTagName("link").item(0).setAttribute("href", "style/offline.css"); // loading style sheet breaks anchors that were jumped to before // so force jumping to anchor again setTimeout(function() { var anchor = location.hash; // need to jump to different anchor first (e.g. none) location.hash = "#"; setTimeout(function() { location.hash = anchor; }, 0); }, 0); </script> </head> <body> <div class="header" id="qtdocheader"> <div class="main"> <div class="main-rounded"> <div class="navigationbar"> <table><tr> <td >Qt 5.9</td><td ><a href="qtquick-index.html">Qt Quick</a></td><td >Qt Quick Demo - Clocks</td></tr></table><table class="buildversion"><tr> <td id="buildversion" width="100%" align="right">Qt 5.9.4 Reference Documentation</td> </tr></table> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="line"> <div class="content mainContent"> <div class="sidebar"> <div class="toc"> <h3><a name="toc">Contents</a></h3> <ul> <li class="level1"><a href="#running-the-example">Running the Example</a></li> <li class="level1"><a href="#displaying-data-generated-by-list-models">Displaying Data Generated by List Models</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="sidebar-content" id="sidebar-content"></div></div> <h1 class="title">Qt Quick Demo - Clocks</h1> <span class="subtitle"></span> <!-- $$$demos/clocks-description --> <div class="descr"> <a name="details"></a> <p class="centerAlign"><img src="images/qtquick-demo-clocks-small.png" alt="" /></p><p><i>Clocks</i> demonstrates using a <a href="qml-qtquick-listview.html">ListView</a> type to display data generated by a ListModel. The delegate used by the model is specified as a custom QML type that is specified in the Clock.qml file.</p> <p>JavaScript methods are used to fetch the current time in several cities in different time zones and QML types are used to display the time on a clock face with animated clock hands.</p> <a name="running-the-example"></a> <h2 id="running-the-example">Running the Example</h2> <p>To run the example from Qt Creator, open the <b>Welcome</b> mode and select the example from <b>Examples</b>. For more information, visit Building and Running an Example.</p> <a name="displaying-data-generated-by-list-models"></a> <h2 id="displaying-data-generated-by-list-models">Displaying Data Generated by List Models</h2> <p>In the clocks.qml file, we use a <a href="qml-qtquick-rectangle.html">Rectangle</a> type to create the application main window:</p> <pre class="qml"> <span class="type"><a href="qml-qtquick-rectangle.html">Rectangle</a></span> { <span class="name">id</span>: <span class="name">root</span> <span class="name">width</span>: <span class="number">640</span>; <span class="name">height</span>: <span class="number">320</span> <span class="name">color</span>: <span class="string">"#646464"</span> </pre> <p>We use a <a href="qml-qtquick-listview.html">ListView</a> type to display a list of the items provided by a ListModel type:</p> <pre class="qml"> <span class="type"><a href="qml-qtquick-listview.html">ListView</a></span> { <span class="name">id</span>: <span class="name">clockview</span> <span class="name">anchors</span>.fill: <span class="name">parent</span> <span class="name">orientation</span>: <span class="name">ListView</span>.<span class="name">Horizontal</span> <span class="name">cacheBuffer</span>: <span class="number">2000</span> <span class="name">snapMode</span>: <span class="name">ListView</span>.<span class="name">SnapOneItem</span> <span class="name">highlightRangeMode</span>: <span class="name">ListView</span>.<span class="name">ApplyRange</span> <span class="name">delegate</span>: <span class="name">Content</span>.Clock { <span class="name">city</span>: <span class="name">cityName</span>; <span class="name">shift</span>: <span class="name">timeShift</span> } <span class="name">model</span>: <span class="name">ListModel</span> { <span class="type">ListElement</span> { <span class="name">cityName</span>: <span class="string">"New York"</span>; <span class="name">timeShift</span>: -<span class="number">4</span> } <span class="type">ListElement</span> { <span class="name">cityName</span>: <span class="string">"London"</span>; <span class="name">timeShift</span>: <span class="number">0</span> } <span class="type">ListElement</span> { <span class="name">cityName</span>: <span class="string">"Oslo"</span>; <span class="name">timeShift</span>: <span class="number">1</span> } <span class="type">ListElement</span> { <span class="name">cityName</span>: <span class="string">"Mumbai"</span>; <span class="name">timeShift</span>: <span class="number">5.5</span> } <span class="type">ListElement</span> { <span class="name">cityName</span>: <span class="string">"Tokyo"</span>; <span class="name">timeShift</span>: <span class="number">9</span> } <span class="type">ListElement</span> { <span class="name">cityName</span>: <span class="string">"Brisbane"</span>; <span class="name">timeShift</span>: <span class="number">10</span> } <span class="type">ListElement</span> { <span class="name">cityName</span>: <span class="string">"Los Angeles"</span>; <span class="name">timeShift</span>: -<span class="number">8</span> } } } </pre> <p>List elements are defined like other QML types except that they contain a collection of <i>role</i> definitions instead of properties. Roles both define how the data is accessed and include the data itself.</p> <p>For each list element, we use the <code>cityName</code> role to specify the name of a city and the <code>timeShift</code> role to specify a time zone as a positive or negative offset from UTC (coordinated universal time).</p> <p>The Clock custom type is used as the <a href="qml-qtquick-listview.html">ListView</a>'s <code>delegate</code>, defining the visual appearance of list items. To use the Clock type, we add an import statement that imports the folder called <code>content</code> where the type is located:</p> <pre class="qml"> import "content" as Content </pre> <p>We use an <a href="qtquick-imageelements-example.html#image">Image</a> type to display arrows that indicate whether users can flick the view to see more clocks on the left or right:</p> <pre class="qml"> <span class="type"><a href="qml-qtquick-image.html">Image</a></span> { <span class="name">anchors</span>.left: <span class="name">parent</span>.<span class="name">left</span> <span class="name">anchors</span>.bottom: <span class="name">parent</span>.<span class="name">bottom</span> <span class="name">anchors</span>.margins: <span class="number">10</span> <span class="name">source</span>: <span class="string">"content/arrow.png"</span> <span class="name">rotation</span>: -<span class="number">90</span> <span class="name">opacity</span>: <span class="name">clockview</span>.<span class="name">atXBeginning</span> ? <span class="number">0</span> : <span class="number">0.5</span> Behavior on <span class="name">opacity</span> { <span class="type"><a href="qml-qtquick-numberanimation.html">NumberAnimation</a></span> { <span class="name">duration</span>: <span class="number">500</span> } } } <span class="type"><a href="qml-qtquick-image.html">Image</a></span> { <span class="name">anchors</span>.right: <span class="name">parent</span>.<span class="name">right</span> <span class="name">anchors</span>.bottom: <span class="name">parent</span>.<span class="name">bottom</span> <span class="name">anchors</span>.margins: <span class="number">10</span> <span class="name">source</span>: <span class="string">"content/arrow.png"</span> <span class="name">rotation</span>: <span class="number">90</span> <span class="name">opacity</span>: <span class="name">clockview</span>.<span class="name">atXEnd</span> ? <span class="number">0</span> : <span class="number">0.5</span> Behavior on <span class="name">opacity</span> { <span class="type"><a href="qml-qtquick-numberanimation.html">NumberAnimation</a></span> { <span class="name">duration</span>: <span class="number">500</span> } } } } </pre> <p>We use the <code>opacity</code> property to hide the arrows when the list view is located at the beginning or end of the x axis.</p> <p>In Clock.qml, we define a <code>timeChanged()</code> function in which we use methods from the JavaScript <code>Date</code> object to fetch the current time in UTC and to adjust it to the correct time zone:</p> <pre class="qml"> <span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="name">timeChanged</span>() { var <span class="name">date</span> = new <span class="name">Date</span>; <span class="name">hours</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="name">internationalTime</span> ? <span class="name">date</span>.<span class="name">getUTCHours</span>() <span class="operator">+</span> <span class="name">Math</span>.<span class="name">floor</span>(<span class="name">clock</span>.<span class="name">shift</span>) : <span class="name">date</span>.<span class="name">getHours</span>() <span class="name">night</span> <span class="operator">=</span> ( <span class="name">hours</span> <span class="operator"><</span> <span class="number">7</span> <span class="operator">||</span> <span class="name">hours</span> <span class="operator">></span> <span class="number">19</span> ) <span class="name">minutes</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="name">internationalTime</span> ? <span class="name">date</span>.<span class="name">getUTCMinutes</span>() <span class="operator">+</span> ((<span class="name">clock</span>.<span class="name">shift</span> <span class="operator">%</span> <span class="number">1</span>) <span class="operator">*</span> <span class="number">60</span>) : <span class="name">date</span>.<span class="name">getMinutes</span>() <span class="name">seconds</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="name">date</span>.<span class="name">getUTCSeconds</span>(); } </pre> <p>We use a Timer type to update the time at intervals of 100 milliseconds:</p> <pre class="qml"> <span class="type">Timer</span> { <span class="name">interval</span>: <span class="number">100</span>; <span class="name">running</span>: <span class="number">true</span>; <span class="name">repeat</span>: <span class="number">true</span>; <span class="name">onTriggered</span>: <span class="name">clock</span>.<span class="name">timeChanged</span>() } </pre> <p>We use <a href="qtquick-imageelements-example.html#image">Image</a> types within an <a href="qml-qtquick-item.html">Item</a> type to display the time on an analog clock face. Different images are used for daytime and nighttime hours:</p> <pre class="qml"> <span class="type"><a href="qml-qtquick-item.html">Item</a></span> { <span class="name">anchors</span>.centerIn: <span class="name">parent</span> <span class="name">width</span>: <span class="number">200</span>; <span class="name">height</span>: <span class="number">240</span> <span class="type"><a href="qml-qtquick-image.html">Image</a></span> { <span class="name">id</span>: <span class="name">background</span>; <span class="name">source</span>: <span class="string">"clock.png"</span>; <span class="name">visible</span>: <span class="name">clock</span>.<span class="name">night</span> <span class="operator">==</span> <span class="number">false</span> } <span class="type"><a href="qml-qtquick-image.html">Image</a></span> { <span class="name">source</span>: <span class="string">"clock-night.png"</span>; <span class="name">visible</span>: <span class="name">clock</span>.<span class="name">night</span> <span class="operator">==</span> <span class="number">true</span> } </pre> <p>A <a href="qml-qtquick-rotation.html">Rotation</a> transform applied to <a href="qtquick-imageelements-example.html#image">Image</a> types provides a way to rotate the clock hands. The <code>origin</code> property holds the point that stays fixed relative to the parent as the rest of the item rotates. The <code>angle</code> property determines the angle to rotate the hands in degrees clockwise.</p> <pre class="qml"> <span class="type"><a href="qml-qtquick-image.html">Image</a></span> { <span class="name">x</span>: <span class="number">92.5</span>; <span class="name">y</span>: <span class="number">27</span> <span class="name">source</span>: <span class="string">"hour.png"</span> <span class="name">transform</span>: <span class="name">Rotation</span> { <span class="name">id</span>: <span class="name">hourRotation</span> <span class="name">origin</span>.x: <span class="number">7.5</span>; <span class="name">origin</span>.y: <span class="number">73</span>; <span class="name">angle</span>: (<span class="name">clock</span>.<span class="name">hours</span> <span class="operator">*</span> <span class="number">30</span>) <span class="operator">+</span> (<span class="name">clock</span>.<span class="name">minutes</span> <span class="operator">*</span> <span class="number">0.5</span>) Behavior on <span class="name">angle</span> { <span class="type"><a href="qml-qtquick-springanimation.html">SpringAnimation</a></span> { <span class="name">spring</span>: <span class="number">2</span>; <span class="name">damping</span>: <span class="number">0.2</span>; <span class="name">modulus</span>: <span class="number">360</span> } } } } <span class="type"><a href="qml-qtquick-image.html">Image</a></span> { <span class="name">x</span>: <span class="number">93.5</span>; <span class="name">y</span>: <span class="number">17</span> <span class="name">source</span>: <span class="string">"minute.png"</span> <span class="name">transform</span>: <span class="name">Rotation</span> { <span class="name">id</span>: <span class="name">minuteRotation</span> <span class="name">origin</span>.x: <span class="number">6.5</span>; <span class="name">origin</span>.y: <span class="number">83</span>; <span class="name">angle</span>: <span class="name">clock</span>.<span class="name">minutes</span> <span class="operator">*</span> <span class="number">6</span> Behavior on <span class="name">angle</span> { <span class="type"><a href="qml-qtquick-springanimation.html">SpringAnimation</a></span> { <span class="name">spring</span>: <span class="number">2</span>; <span class="name">damping</span>: <span class="number">0.2</span>; <span class="name">modulus</span>: <span class="number">360</span> } } } } <span class="type"><a href="qml-qtquick-image.html">Image</a></span> { <span class="name">x</span>: <span class="number">97.5</span>; <span class="name">y</span>: <span class="number">20</span> <span class="name">source</span>: <span class="string">"second.png"</span> <span class="name">transform</span>: <span class="name">Rotation</span> { <span class="name">id</span>: <span class="name">secondRotation</span> <span class="name">origin</span>.x: <span class="number">2.5</span>; <span class="name">origin</span>.y: <span class="number">80</span>; <span class="name">angle</span>: <span class="name">clock</span>.<span class="name">seconds</span> <span class="operator">*</span> <span class="number">6</span> Behavior on <span class="name">angle</span> { <span class="type"><a href="qml-qtquick-springanimation.html">SpringAnimation</a></span> { <span class="name">spring</span>: <span class="number">2</span>; <span class="name">damping</span>: <span class="number">0.2</span>; <span class="name">modulus</span>: <span class="number">360</span> } } } } <span class="type"><a href="qml-qtquick-image.html">Image</a></span> { <span class="name">anchors</span>.centerIn: <span class="name">background</span>; <span class="name">source</span>: <span class="string">"center.png"</span> } </pre> <p>We use a <a href="qml-qtquick-behavior.html">Behavior</a> type on the <code>angle</code> property to apply a <a href="qml-qtquick-springanimation.html">SpringAnimation</a> when the time changes. The <code>spring</code> and <code>damping</code> properties enable the spring-like motion of the clock hands, and a <code>modulus</code> of <code>360</code> makes the animation target values wrap around at a full circle.</p> <p>We use a <a href="qml-qtquick-text.html">Text</a> type to display the city name below the clock:</p> <pre class="qml"> <span class="type"><a href="qml-qtquick-text.html">Text</a></span> { <span class="name">id</span>: <span class="name">cityLabel</span> <span class="name">y</span>: <span class="number">210</span>; <span class="name">anchors</span>.horizontalCenter: <span class="name">parent</span>.<span class="name">horizontalCenter</span> <span class="name">color</span>: <span class="string">"white"</span> <span class="name">font</span>.family: <span class="string">"Helvetica"</span> <span class="name">font</span>.bold: <span class="number">true</span>; <span class="name">font</span>.pixelSize: <span class="number">16</span> <span class="name">style</span>: <span class="name">Text</span>.<span class="name">Raised</span>; <span class="name">styleColor</span>: <span class="string">"black"</span> } </pre> <p>Files:</p> <ul> <li><a href="qtquick-demos-clocks-clocks-qml.html">demos/clocks/clocks.qml</a></li> <li><a href="qtquick-demos-clocks-content-clock-qml.html">demos/clocks/content/Clock.qml</a></li> <li><a href="qtquick-demos-clocks-main-cpp.html">demos/clocks/main.cpp</a></li> <li><a href="qtquick-demos-clocks-clocks-pro.html">demos/clocks/clocks.pro</a></li> <li><a href="qtquick-demos-clocks-clocks-qmlproject.html">demos/clocks/clocks.qmlproject</a></li> <li><a href="qtquick-demos-clocks-clocks-qrc.html">demos/clocks/clocks.qrc</a></li> </ul> </div> <p><b>See also </b>QML Applications.</p> <!-- @@@demos/clocks --> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="footer"> <p> <acronym title="Copyright">©</acronym> 2017 The Qt Company Ltd. Documentation contributions included herein are the copyrights of their respective owners.<br> The documentation provided herein is licensed under the terms of the <a href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation License version 1.3</a> as published by the Free Software Foundation.<br> Qt and respective logos are trademarks of The Qt Company Ltd. in Finland and/or other countries worldwide. All other trademarks are property of their respective owners. </p> </div> </body> </html>