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<div xmlns="" id="vcws-version-notice">
<p>This text is a work in progress—highly subject to
change—and may not accurately describe any released
version of the Apache™ Subversion® software.
Bookmarking or otherwise referring others to this page is
probably not such a smart idea. Please visit
<a href="http://www.svnbook.com/">http://www.svnbook.com/</a>
for stable versions of this book.</p>
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<th colspan="3" align="center">High-Speed Tutorial</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="svn.intro.install.html">Prev</a> </td>
<th width="60%" align="center">Appendix A. Subversion Quick-Start Guide</th>
<td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="svn.forcvs.html">Next</a></td>
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<div class="sect1" title="High-Speed Tutorial">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="svn.intro.quickstart"></a>High-Speed Tutorial</h2>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="blockquote">
<blockquote class="blockquote">
<p>
<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">Please make sure your seat backs are in their full,
upright position and that your tray tables are stored. Flight
attendants, prepare for take-off….</span>”</span>
</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<p>What follows is a quick tutorial that walks you through some
basic Subversion configuration and operation. When you finish
it, you should have a general understanding of Subversion's
typical usage.</p>
<div class="note" title="Note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
<table border="0" summary="Note">
<tr>
<td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25">
<img alt="[Note]" src="images/note.png" />
</td>
<th align="left">Note</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>The examples used in this appendix assume that you have
<span class="command"><strong>svn</strong></span>, the Subversion command-line client,
and <span class="command"><strong>svnadmin</strong></span>, the administrative tool,
ready to go on a Unix-like operating system. (This tutorial
also works at the Windows command-line prompt, assuming you
make some obvious tweaks.) We also assume you are using
Subversion 1.2 or later (run <strong class="userinput"><code>svn --version</code></strong>
to check).</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p>Subversion stores all versioned data in a central
repository. To begin, create a new repository:</p>
<div class="informalexample">
<pre class="screen">
$ cd /var/svn
$ svnadmin create repos
$ ls repos
conf/ dav/ db/ format hooks/ locks/ README.txt
$
</pre>
</div>
<p>This command creates a Subversion repository in the directory
<code class="filename">/var/svn/repos</code>, creating
the <code class="filename">repos</code> directory itself if it doesn't
already exist. This directory contains (among other things) a
collection of database files. You won't see your versioned
files if you peek inside. For more information about repository
creation and maintenance, see
<a class="xref" href="svn.reposadmin.html" title="Chapter 5. Repository Administration">Chapter 5, <em>Repository Administration</em></a>.</p>
<p>Subversion has no concept of a <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">project.</span>”</span> The
repository is just a virtual versioned filesystem, a large tree
that can hold anything you wish. Some administrators prefer to
store only one project in a repository, and others prefer to
store multiple projects in a repository by placing them into
separate directories. We discuss the merits of each approach
in <a class="xref" href="svn.reposadmin.planning.html#svn.reposadmin.projects.chooselayout" title="Planning Your Repository Organization">the section called “Planning Your Repository Organization”</a>.
Either way, the repository manages only files and directories,
so it's up to humans to interpret particular directories as
<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">projects.</span>”</span> So while you might see references to
projects throughout this book, keep in mind that we're only ever
talking about some directory (or collection of directories) in
the repository.</p>
<p>In this example, we assume you already have some sort
of project (a collection of files and directories) that you wish
to import into your newly created Subversion repository. Begin
by organizing your data into a single directory called
<code class="filename">myproject</code> (or whatever you wish). For
reasons explained in <a class="xref" href="svn.branchmerge.html" title="Chapter 4. Branching and Merging">Chapter 4, <em>Branching and Merging</em></a>, your
project's tree structure should contain three top-level
directories named <code class="filename">branches</code>,
<code class="filename">tags</code>, and <code class="filename">trunk</code>. The
<code class="filename">trunk</code> directory should contain all of your
data, and the <code class="filename">branches</code> and
<code class="filename">tags</code> directories should be empty:</p>
<div class="informalexample">
<div class="literallayout">
<p><br />
/tmp/<br />
myproject/<br />
branches/<br />
tags/<br />
trunk/<br />
foo.c<br />
bar.c<br />
Makefile<br />
…<br />
</p>
</div>
</div>
<p>The <code class="filename">branches</code>, <code class="filename">tags</code>,
and <code class="filename">trunk</code> subdirectories aren't actually
required by Subversion. They're merely a popular convention
that you'll most likely want to use later on.</p>
<p>Once you have your tree of data ready to go, import it into
the repository with the <span class="command"><strong>svn import</strong></span> command
(see <a class="xref" href="svn.tour.importing.html" title="Getting Data into Your Repository">the section called “Getting Data into Your Repository”</a>):</p>
<div class="informalexample">
<pre class="screen">
$ svn import /tmp/myproject file:///var/svn/repos/myproject \
-m "initial import"
Adding /tmp/myproject/branches
Adding /tmp/myproject/tags
Adding /tmp/myproject/trunk
Adding /tmp/myproject/trunk/foo.c
Adding /tmp/myproject/trunk/bar.c
Adding /tmp/myproject/trunk/Makefile
…
Committed revision 1.
$
</pre>
</div>
<p>Now the repository contains this tree of data. As mentioned
earlier, you won't see your files by directly peeking into the
repository; they're all stored within a database. But the
repository's imaginary filesystem now contains a top-level
directory named <code class="filename">myproject</code>, which in turn
contains your data.</p>
<p>Note that the original <code class="filename">/tmp/myproject</code>
directory is unchanged; Subversion is unaware of it. (In fact,
you can even delete that directory if you wish.) To
start manipulating repository data, you need to create a new
<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">working copy</span>”</span> of the data, a sort of private
workspace. Ask Subversion to <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">check out</span>”</span> a working
copy of the <code class="filename">myproject/trunk</code> directory in
the repository:</p>
<div class="informalexample">
<pre class="screen">
$ svn checkout file:///var/svn/repos/myproject/trunk myproject
A myproject/foo.c
A myproject/bar.c
A myproject/Makefile
…
Checked out revision 1.
$
</pre>
</div>
<p>Now you have a personal copy of part of the repository in a
new directory named <code class="filename">myproject</code>. You can edit
the files in your working copy and then commit those changes
back into the repository.</p>
<div class="itemizedlist">
<ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc">
<li class="listitem">
<p>Enter your working copy and edit a file's
contents.</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>Run <strong class="userinput"><code>svn diff</code></strong> to see unified diff
output of your changes.</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>Run <strong class="userinput"><code>svn commit</code></strong> to commit the new
version of your file to the repository.</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p>Run <strong class="userinput"><code>svn update</code></strong> to bring your working
copy <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">up to date</span>”</span> with the repository.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p>For a full tour of all the things you can do with your
working copy, read <a class="xref" href="svn.tour.html" title="Chapter 2. Basic Usage">Chapter 2, <em>Basic Usage</em></a>.</p>
<p>At this point, you have the option of making your repository
available to others over a network. See <a class="xref" href="svn.serverconfig.html" title="Chapter 6. Server Configuration">Chapter 6, <em>Server Configuration</em></a> to learn about the different sorts of
server processes available and how to configure them.</p>
</div>
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<a accesskey="u" href="svn.intro.html">Up</a>
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<td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="svn.forcvs.html">Next</a></td>
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<td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Installing Subversion </td>
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<a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a>
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<td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Appendix B. Subversion for CVS Users</td>
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<p>You are reading <em>Version Control with Subversion</em> (for
Subversion 1.8), by Ben Collins-Sussman, Brian W. Fitzpatrick,
and C. Michael Pilato.</p>
<p>This work is licensed under
the <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/">Creative Commons Attribution License v2.0</a>.</p>
<p>To submit comments, corrections, or other contributions to the
text, please visit <a href="http://www.svnbook.com/">http://www.svnbook.com/</a>.</p>
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