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<div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
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<div>
<div>
<h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="dbcput"></a>Dbc::put()</h2>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<pre class="programlisting">#include <db_cxx.h>
int
Dbc::put(Dbt *key, Dbt *data, u_int32_t flags);</pre>
<p>
The <code class="methodname">Dbc::put()</code> method stores key/data pairs into the database.
</p>
<p>
Unless otherwise specified, the <code class="methodname">Dbc::put()</code> <span>
<span>
method either returns a non-zero error value or throws an
exception that encapsulates a non-zero error value on
failure, and returns 0 on success.
</span>
</span>
</p>
<p>
If <code class="methodname">Dbc::put()</code> fails for any reason, the state of the cursor will
be unchanged. If <code class="methodname">Dbc::put()</code> succeeds and an item is inserted
into the database, the cursor is always positioned to refer to the
newly inserted item.
</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 class="title"><a id="idp6310816"></a>Parameters</h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 class="title"><a id="idp6311008"></a>key</h4>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
The key <a class="link" href="dbt.html" title="Chapter 4. The Dbt Handle">Dbt</a> operated on.
</p>
<p>
If creating a new record in a Heap database, the
key <a class="link" href="dbt.html" title="Chapter 4. The Dbt Handle">Dbt</a>
must be empty. The <code class="literal">put</code>
method will return the new record's
<a class="link" href="db_heap_rid.html" title="DbHeapRecordId">Record ID (RID)</a>
in the key <a class="link" href="dbt.html" title="Chapter 4. The Dbt Handle">Dbt</a>.
</p>
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 class="title"><a id="idp6201832"></a>data</h4>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
The data <a class="link" href="dbt.html" title="Chapter 4. The Dbt Handle">Dbt</a> operated on.
</p>
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 class="title"><a id="idp6283912"></a>flags</h4>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
The <span class="bold"><strong>flags</strong></span> parameter must be set to
one of the following values:
</p>
<div class="itemizedlist">
<ul type="disc">
<li>
<p><a id="dbcput_DB_AFTER"></a>
<code class="literal">DB_AFTER</code>
</p>
<p>
In the case of the Btree and Hash access methods, insert the data
element as a duplicate element of the key to which the cursor refers.
The new element appears immediately after the current cursor position.
It is an error to specify DB_AFTER if the underlying Btree or Hash
database is not configured for unsorted duplicate data items. The
<span class="bold"><strong>key</strong></span> parameter is ignored.
</p>
<p>
In the case of the Recno access method, it is an error to specify
DB_AFTER if the underlying Recno database was not created with the
<a class="link" href="dbset_flags.html#dbset_flags_DB_RENUMBER">DB_RENUMBER</a>
flag. If the
<a class="link" href="dbset_flags.html#dbset_flags_DB_RENUMBER">DB_RENUMBER</a>
flag was specified, a new key is created, all records after the inserted
item are automatically renumbered, and the key of the new record is
returned in the structure to which the <span class="bold"><strong>key</strong></span> parameter refers. The initial value of the
<span class="bold"><strong>key</strong></span> parameter is ignored. See
<a class="xref" href="dbopen.html" title="Db::open()">Db::open()</a> for more information.
</p>
<p>
The DB_AFTER flag may not be specified to the Queue access method.
</p>
<p>
The <code class="methodname">Dbc::put()</code> method will return
<a href="../../programmer_reference/program_errorret.html#program_errorret.DB_NOTFOUND" class="olink">DB_NOTFOUND</a>
if the current cursor record has already been deleted
and the underlying access method is Hash.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a id="dbcput_DB_BEFORE"></a>
<code class="literal">DB_BEFORE</code>
</p>
<p>
In the case of the Btree and Hash access methods, insert the data
element as a duplicate element of the key to which the cursor refers.
The new element appears immediately before the current cursor
position. It is an error to specify DB_AFTER if the underlying Btree
or Hash database is not configured for unsorted duplicate data items.
The <span class="bold"><strong>key</strong></span> parameter is ignored.
</p>
<p>
In the case of the Recno access method, it is an error to specify
DB_BEFORE if the underlying Recno database was not created with the
<a class="link" href="dbset_flags.html#dbset_flags_DB_RENUMBER">DB_RENUMBER</a>
flag. If the
<a class="link" href="dbset_flags.html#dbset_flags_DB_RENUMBER">DB_RENUMBER</a>
flag was specified, a new key is created, the current record and all
records after it are automatically renumbered, and the key of the new
record is returned in the structure to which the <span class="bold"><strong>key</strong></span> parameter refers. The initial value of the
<span class="bold"><strong>key</strong></span> parameter is ignored. See
<a class="xref" href="dbopen.html" title="Db::open()">Db::open()</a> for more information.
</p>
<p>
The DB_BEFORE flag may not be specified to the Queue access method.
</p>
<p>
The <code class="methodname">Dbc::put()</code> method will return
<a href="../../programmer_reference/program_errorret.html#program_errorret.DB_NOTFOUND" class="olink">DB_NOTFOUND</a>
if the current cursor record has already been deleted
and the underlying access method is Hash.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a id="dbcput_DB_CURRENT"></a>
<code class="literal">DB_CURRENT</code>
</p>
<p>
Overwrite the data of the key/data pair to which the cursor refers
with the specified data item. The <span class="bold"><strong>key</strong></span> parameter is ignored.
</p>
<p>
The <code class="methodname">Dbc::put()</code> method will return
<a href="../../programmer_reference/program_errorret.html#program_errorret.DB_NOTFOUND" class="olink">DB_NOTFOUND</a>
if the current cursor record has already been deleted.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a id="dbcput_DB_KEYFIRST"></a>
<code class="literal">DB_KEYFIRST</code>
</p>
<p>
Insert the specified key/data pair into the database.
</p>
<p>
If the underlying database supports duplicate data items, and if the
key already exists in the database and a duplicate sort function has
been specified, the inserted data item is added in its sorted
location. If the key already exists in the database and no duplicate
sort function has been specified, the inserted data item is added as
the first of the data items for that key.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a id="dbcput_DB_KEYLAST"></a>
<code class="literal">DB_KEYLAST</code>
</p>
<p>
Insert the specified key/data pair into the database.
</p>
<p>
If the underlying database supports duplicate data items, and if the
key already exists in the database and a duplicate sort function has
been specified, the inserted data item is added in its sorted
location. If the key already exists in the database, and no duplicate
sort function has been specified, the inserted data item is added as
the last of the data items for that key.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a id="dbcput_DB_NODUPDATA"></a>
<code class="literal">DB_NODUPDATA</code>
</p>
<p>
In the case of the Btree and Hash access methods, insert the specified
key/data pair into the database, unless a key/data pair comparing
equally to it already exists in the database. If a matching key/data
pair already exists in the database,
<a class="xref" href="dbcput.html#dbcput_DB_KEYEXIST" title="DB_KEYEXIST">DB_KEYEXIST</a> is
returned. The DB_NODUPDATA flag may only be specified if the
underlying database has been configured to support sorted duplicate
data items.
</p>
<p>
The DB_NODUPDATA flag may not be specified to the Queue or Recno
access methods.
</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 class="title"><a id="idp6321920"></a>Errors</h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
The <code class="methodname">Dbc::put()</code> <span>
<span>
method may fail and throw a <a class="link" href="dbexception.html" title="Chapter 6. The DbException Class">DbException</a>
exception, encapsulating one of the following non-zero errors, or return one
of the following non-zero errors:
</span>
</span>
</p>
<div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 class="title"><a id="dbcput_DB_KEYEXIST"></a>DB_KEYEXIST</h4>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
An attempt was made to insert a duplicate key
into a database not configured for duplicate
data.
</p>
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 class="title"><a id="idp6337016"></a>DB_FOREIGN_CONFLICT</h4>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
A <a class="link" href="dbassociate_foreign.html" title="Db::associate_foreign()">foreign key constraint violation</a>
has occurred. This can be caused by one of two things:
</p>
<div class="orderedlist">
<ol type="1">
<li>
<p>
An attempt was made to add a record to a
constrained database, and the key used for that
record does not exist in the foreign key
database.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a class="link" href="dbassociate_foreign.html#associate_foreign_DB_FOREIGN_ABORT">DB_FOREIGN_ABORT</a>
was declared for a foreign key database, and then
subsequently a record was deleted from the
foreign key database without first removing it
from the constrained secondary database.
</p>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 class="title"><a id="idp6307424"></a>DB_HEAP_FULL</h4>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
An attempt was made to add or update a record in a Heap
database. However, the size of the database was constrained
using the
<a class="xref" href="dbset_heapsize.html" title="Db::set_heapsize()">Db::set_heapsize()</a>
method, and that limit has been reached.
</p>
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 class="title"><a id="idp6342680"></a><span>DbDeadlockException or </span>DB_LOCK_DEADLOCK</h4>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
A transactional database environment operation was selected to resolve
a deadlock.
</p>
<p>
<a class="xref" href="dbdeadlock.html" title="DbDeadlockException">DbDeadlockException</a> is thrown if
your Berkeley DB API is configured to throw exceptions.
Otherwise, <code class="literal">DB_LOCK_DEADLOCK</code> is returned.
</p>
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 class="title"><a id="idp6323784"></a><span>DbLockNotGrantedException or </span>DB_LOCK_NOTGRANTED</h4>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
A Berkeley DB Concurrent Data Store database environment configured
for lock timeouts was unable to grant a lock in the allowed time.
</p>
<p>
You attempted to open a database handle that is configured
for no waiting exclusive locking, but the exclusive lock could not be
immediately obtained. See
<a class="xref" href="dbset_lk_exclusive.html" title="Db::set_lk_exclusive()">Db::set_lk_exclusive()</a>
for more information.
</p>
<p>
<a class="xref" href="dblocknotgranted.html" title="DbLockNotGrantedException">DbLockNotGrantedException</a> is thrown if
your Berkeley DB API is configured to throw exceptions.
Otherwise, <code class="literal">DB_LOCK_NOTGRANTED</code> is returned.
</p>
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 class="title"><a id="idp6299016"></a> <span>DbRepHandleDeadException or</span> DB_REP_HANDLE_DEAD</h4>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
When a client synchronizes with the master, it is possible for committed
transactions to be rolled back. This invalidates all the database and cursor
handles opened in the replication environment. Once this occurs, an attempt to use
such a handle will
<span>
throw a <a class="xref" href="dbrephandledead.html" title="DbRepHandleDeadException">DbRepHandleDeadException</a> (if
your application is configured to throw exceptions), or
</span>
return <code class="literal">DB_REP_HANDLE_DEAD</code>.
The application will need to discard the handle and open a new one in order to
continue processing.
</p>
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 class="title"><a id="idp6346784"></a><span>DbDeadlockException or </span>DB_REP_LOCKOUT</h4>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
The operation was blocked by client/master synchronization.
</p>
<p>
<a class="xref" href="dbdeadlock.html" title="DbDeadlockException">DbDeadlockException</a> is thrown if
your Berkeley DB API is configured to throw exceptions.
Otherwise, <code class="literal">DB_REP_LOCKOUT</code> is returned.
</p>
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 class="title"><a id="idp6349160"></a>EACCES</h4>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
An attempt was made to modify a read-only database.
</p>
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 class="title"><a id="idp6344696"></a>EINVAL</h4>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
If the DB_AFTER, DB_BEFORE or DB_CURRENT flags were specified and the
cursor has not been initialized; the DB_AFTER or DB_BEFORE flags were
specified and a duplicate sort function has been specified; the
DB_CURRENT flag was specified, a duplicate sort function has been
specified, and the data item of the referenced key/data pair does not
compare equally to the <span class="bold"><strong>data</strong></span>
parameter; the DB_AFTER or DB_BEFORE flags were specified, and the
underlying access method is Queue; an attempt was made to add a record
to a fixed-length database that was too large to fit; an attempt was
made to add a record to a secondary index; or if an invalid flag value
or parameter was specified.
</p>
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 class="title"><a id="idp6309512"></a>EPERM</h4>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
Write attempted on read-only cursor when the
<a class="link" href="envopen.html#envopen_DB_INIT_CDB">DB_INIT_CDB</a>
flag was specified to <a class="xref" href="envopen.html" title="DbEnv::open()">DbEnv::open()</a>.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 class="title"><a id="idp6319176"></a>Class</h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
<a class="link" href="dbc.html" title="Chapter 3. The Dbc Handle">Dbc</a>
</p>
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 class="title"><a id="idp6346456"></a>See Also</h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
<a class="xref" href="dbc.html#dbclist" title="Database Cursors and Related Methods">Database Cursors and Related Methods</a>
</p>
</div>
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