<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang=""> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>Django documentation — Django 1.8.19 documentation</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="_static/default.css" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="_static/pygments.css" type="text/css" /> <script type="text/javascript"> var DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS = { URL_ROOT: './', VERSION: '1.8.19', COLLAPSE_INDEX: false, FILE_SUFFIX: '.html', HAS_SOURCE: true }; </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="_static/jquery.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="_static/underscore.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="_static/doctools.js"></script> <link rel="index" title="Index" href="genindex.html" /> <link rel="search" title="Search" href="search.html" /> <link rel="top" title="Django 1.8.19 documentation" href="contents.html" /> <link rel="next" title="Getting started" href="intro/index.html" /> <link rel="prev" title="Django documentation contents" href="contents.html" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="templatebuiltins.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> (function($) { if (!django_template_builtins) { // templatebuiltins.js missing, do nothing. return; } $(document).ready(function() { // Hyperlink Django template tags and filters var base = "ref/templates/builtins.html"; if (base == "#") { // Special case for builtins.html itself base = ""; } // Tags are keywords, class '.k' $("div.highlight\\-html\\+django span.k").each(function(i, elem) { var tagname = $(elem).text(); if ($.inArray(tagname, django_template_builtins.ttags) != -1) { var fragment = tagname.replace(/_/, '-'); $(elem).html("<a href='" + base + "#" + fragment + "'>" + tagname + "</a>"); } }); // Filters are functions, class '.nf' $("div.highlight\\-html\\+django span.nf").each(function(i, elem) { var filtername = $(elem).text(); if ($.inArray(filtername, django_template_builtins.tfilters) != -1) { var fragment = filtername.replace(/_/, '-'); $(elem).html("<a href='" + base + "#" + fragment + "'>" + filtername + "</a>"); } }); }); })(jQuery); </script> </head> <body role="document"> <div class="document"> <div id="custom-doc" class=""> <div id="hd"> <h1><a href="#">Django 1.8.19 documentation</a></h1> <div id="global-nav"> <a title="Home page" href="#">Home</a> | <a title="Table of contents" href="contents.html">Table of contents</a> | <a title="Global index" href="genindex.html">Index</a> | <a title="Module index" href="py-modindex.html">Modules</a> </div> <div class="nav"> « <a href="contents.html" title="Django documentation contents">previous</a> | <a title="Django 1.8.19 documentation" href="#" accesskey="U">up</a> | <a href="intro/index.html" title="Getting started">next</a> »</div> </div> <div id="bd"> <div id="yui-main"> <div class="yui-b"> <div class="yui-g" id="index"> <div class="section" id="s-django-documentation"> <span id="s-index"></span><span id="django-documentation"></span><span id="index"></span><h1>Django documentation<a class="headerlink" href="#django-documentation" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> <p class="rubric">Everything you need to know about Django.</p> <div class="section" id="s-getting-help"> <span id="getting-help"></span><h2>Getting help<a class="headerlink" href="#getting-help" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>Having trouble? We’d like to help!</p> <ul class="simple"> <li>Try the <a class="reference internal" href="faq/index.html"><span class="doc">FAQ</span></a> – it’s got answers to many common questions.</li> <li>Looking for specific information? Try the <a class="reference internal" href="genindex.html"><span class="std std-ref">Index</span></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="py-modindex.html"><span class="std std-ref">Module Index</span></a> or the <a class="reference internal" href="contents.html"><span class="doc">detailed table of contents</span></a>.</li> <li>Search for information in the archives of the <a class="reference internal" href="internals/mailing-lists.html#django-users-mailing-list"><span class="std std-ref">django-users</span></a> mailing list, or <a class="reference external" href="https://groups.google.com/d/forum/django-users">post a question</a>.</li> <li>Ask a question in the <a class="reference external" href="irc://irc.freenode.net/django">#django IRC channel</a>, or search the <a class="reference external" href="http://django-irc-logs.com/">IRC logs</a> to see if it’s been asked before.</li> <li>Report bugs with Django in our <a class="reference external" href="https://code.djangoproject.com/">ticket tracker</a>.</li> </ul> </div> <div class="section" id="s-first-steps"> <span id="first-steps"></span><h2>First steps<a class="headerlink" href="#first-steps" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>Are you new to Django or to programming? This is the place to start!</p> <ul class="simple"> <li><strong>From scratch:</strong> <a class="reference internal" href="intro/overview.html"><span class="doc">Overview</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="intro/install.html"><span class="doc">Installation</span></a></li> <li><strong>Tutorial:</strong> <a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial01.html"><span class="doc">Part 1: Models</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial02.html"><span class="doc">Part 2: The admin site</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial03.html"><span class="doc">Part 3: Views and templates</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial04.html"><span class="doc">Part 4: Forms and generic views</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial05.html"><span class="doc">Part 5: Testing</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial06.html"><span class="doc">Part 6: Static files</span></a></li> <li><strong>Advanced Tutorials:</strong> <a class="reference internal" href="intro/reusable-apps.html"><span class="doc">How to write reusable apps</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="intro/contributing.html"><span class="doc">Writing your first patch for Django</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="section" id="s-the-model-layer"> <span id="the-model-layer"></span><h2>The model layer<a class="headerlink" href="#the-model-layer" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>Django provides an abstraction layer (the “models”) for structuring and manipulating the data of your Web application. Learn more about it below:</p> <ul class="simple"> <li><strong>Models:</strong> <a class="reference internal" href="topics/db/models.html"><span class="doc">Introduction to models</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="ref/models/fields.html"><span class="doc">Field types</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="ref/models/options.html"><span class="doc">Meta options</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="ref/models/class.html"><span class="doc">Model class</span></a></li> <li><strong>QuerySets:</strong> <a class="reference internal" href="topics/db/queries.html"><span class="doc">Executing queries</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="ref/models/querysets.html"><span class="doc">QuerySet method reference</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="ref/models/lookups.html"><span class="doc">Lookup expressions</span></a></li> <li><strong>Model instances:</strong> <a class="reference internal" href="ref/models/instances.html"><span class="doc">Instance methods</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="ref/models/relations.html"><span class="doc">Accessing related objects</span></a></li> <li><strong>Migrations:</strong> <a class="reference internal" href="topics/migrations.html"><span class="doc">Introduction to Migrations</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="ref/migration-operations.html"><span class="doc">Operations reference</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="ref/schema-editor.html"><span class="doc">SchemaEditor</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="howto/writing-migrations.html"><span class="doc">Writing migrations</span></a></li> <li><strong>Advanced:</strong> <a class="reference internal" href="topics/db/managers.html"><span class="doc">Managers</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="topics/db/sql.html"><span class="doc">Raw SQL</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="topics/db/transactions.html"><span class="doc">Transactions</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="topics/db/aggregation.html"><span class="doc">Aggregation</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="howto/custom-model-fields.html"><span class="doc">Custom fields</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="topics/db/multi-db.html"><span class="doc">Multiple databases</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="howto/custom-lookups.html"><span class="doc">Custom lookups</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="ref/models/expressions.html"><span class="doc">Query Expressions</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="ref/models/conditional-expressions.html"><span class="doc">Conditional Expressions</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="ref/models/database-functions.html"><span class="doc">Database Functions</span></a></li> <li><strong>Other:</strong> <a class="reference internal" href="ref/databases.html"><span class="doc">Supported databases</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="howto/legacy-databases.html"><span class="doc">Legacy databases</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="howto/initial-data.html"><span class="doc">Providing initial data</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="topics/db/optimization.html"><span class="doc">Optimize database access</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/postgres/index.html"><span class="doc">PostgreSQL specific features</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="section" id="s-the-view-layer"> <span id="the-view-layer"></span><h2>The view layer<a class="headerlink" href="#the-view-layer" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>Django has the concept of “views” to encapsulate the logic responsible for processing a user’s request and for returning the response. Find all you need to know about views via the links below:</p> <ul class="simple"> <li><strong>The basics:</strong> <a class="reference internal" href="topics/http/urls.html"><span class="doc">URLconfs</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="topics/http/views.html"><span class="doc">View functions</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="topics/http/shortcuts.html"><span class="doc">Shortcuts</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="topics/http/decorators.html"><span class="doc">Decorators</span></a></li> <li><strong>Reference:</strong> <a class="reference internal" href="ref/views.html"><span class="doc">Built-in Views</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="ref/request-response.html"><span class="doc">Request/response objects</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="ref/template-response.html"><span class="doc">TemplateResponse objects</span></a></li> <li><strong>File uploads:</strong> <a class="reference internal" href="topics/http/file-uploads.html"><span class="doc">Overview</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="ref/files/file.html"><span class="doc">File objects</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="ref/files/storage.html"><span class="doc">Storage API</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="topics/files.html"><span class="doc">Managing files</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="howto/custom-file-storage.html"><span class="doc">Custom storage</span></a></li> <li><strong>Class-based views:</strong> <a class="reference internal" href="topics/class-based-views/index.html"><span class="doc">Overview</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="topics/class-based-views/generic-display.html"><span class="doc">Built-in display views</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="topics/class-based-views/generic-editing.html"><span class="doc">Built-in editing views</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="topics/class-based-views/mixins.html"><span class="doc">Using mixins</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="ref/class-based-views/index.html"><span class="doc">API reference</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="ref/class-based-views/flattened-index.html"><span class="doc">Flattened index</span></a></li> <li><strong>Advanced:</strong> <a class="reference internal" href="howto/outputting-csv.html"><span class="doc">Generating CSV</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="howto/outputting-pdf.html"><span class="doc">Generating PDF</span></a></li> <li><strong>Middleware:</strong> <a class="reference internal" href="topics/http/middleware.html"><span class="doc">Overview</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="ref/middleware.html"><span class="doc">Built-in middleware classes</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="section" id="s-the-template-layer"> <span id="the-template-layer"></span><h2>The template layer<a class="headerlink" href="#the-template-layer" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>The template layer provides a designer-friendly syntax for rendering the information to be presented to the user. Learn how this syntax can be used by designers and how it can be extended by programmers:</p> <ul class="simple"> <li><strong>The basics:</strong> <a class="reference internal" href="topics/templates.html"><span class="doc">Overview</span></a></li> <li><strong>For designers:</strong> <a class="reference internal" href="ref/templates/language.html"><span class="doc">Language overview</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="ref/templates/builtins.html"><span class="doc">Built-in tags and filters</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/humanize.html"><span class="doc">Humanization</span></a></li> <li><strong>For programmers:</strong> <a class="reference internal" href="ref/templates/api.html"><span class="doc">Template API</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="howto/custom-template-tags.html"><span class="doc">Custom tags and filters</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="section" id="s-forms"> <span id="forms"></span><h2>Forms<a class="headerlink" href="#forms" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>Django provides a rich framework to facilitate the creation of forms and the manipulation of form data.</p> <ul class="simple"> <li><strong>The basics:</strong> <a class="reference internal" href="topics/forms/index.html"><span class="doc">Overview</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="ref/forms/api.html"><span class="doc">Form API</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="ref/forms/fields.html"><span class="doc">Built-in fields</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="ref/forms/widgets.html"><span class="doc">Built-in widgets</span></a></li> <li><strong>Advanced:</strong> <a class="reference internal" href="topics/forms/modelforms.html"><span class="doc">Forms for models</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="topics/forms/media.html"><span class="doc">Integrating media</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="topics/forms/formsets.html"><span class="doc">Formsets</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="ref/forms/validation.html"><span class="doc">Customizing validation</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="section" id="s-the-development-process"> <span id="the-development-process"></span><h2>The development process<a class="headerlink" href="#the-development-process" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>Learn about the various components and tools to help you in the development and testing of Django applications:</p> <ul class="simple"> <li><strong>Settings:</strong> <a class="reference internal" href="topics/settings.html"><span class="doc">Overview</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="ref/settings.html"><span class="doc">Full list of settings</span></a></li> <li><strong>Applications:</strong> <a class="reference internal" href="ref/applications.html"><span class="doc">Overview</span></a></li> <li><strong>Exceptions:</strong> <a class="reference internal" href="ref/exceptions.html"><span class="doc">Overview</span></a></li> <li><strong>django-admin and manage.py:</strong> <a class="reference internal" href="ref/django-admin.html"><span class="doc">Overview</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="howto/custom-management-commands.html"><span class="doc">Adding custom commands</span></a></li> <li><strong>Testing:</strong> <a class="reference internal" href="topics/testing/index.html"><span class="doc">Introduction</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="topics/testing/overview.html"><span class="doc">Writing and running tests</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="topics/testing/tools.html"><span class="doc">Included testing tools</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="topics/testing/advanced.html"><span class="doc">Advanced topics</span></a></li> <li><strong>Deployment:</strong> <a class="reference internal" href="howto/deployment/index.html"><span class="doc">Overview</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="howto/deployment/wsgi/index.html"><span class="doc">WSGI servers</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="howto/deployment/fastcgi.html"><span class="doc">FastCGI/SCGI/AJP</span></a> (deprecated) | <a class="reference internal" href="howto/static-files/deployment.html"><span class="doc">Deploying static files</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="howto/error-reporting.html"><span class="doc">Tracking code errors by email</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="section" id="s-the-admin"> <span id="the-admin"></span><h2>The admin<a class="headerlink" href="#the-admin" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>Find all you need to know about the automated admin interface, one of Django’s most popular features:</p> <ul class="simple"> <li><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/admin/index.html"><span class="doc">Admin site</span></a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/admin/actions.html"><span class="doc">Admin actions</span></a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/admin/admindocs.html"><span class="doc">Admin documentation generator</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="section" id="s-security"> <span id="security"></span><h2>Security<a class="headerlink" href="#security" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>Security is a topic of paramount importance in the development of Web applications and Django provides multiple protection tools and mechanisms:</p> <ul class="simple"> <li><a class="reference internal" href="topics/security.html"><span class="doc">Security overview</span></a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="releases/security.html"><span class="doc">Disclosed security issues in Django</span></a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="ref/clickjacking.html"><span class="doc">Clickjacking protection</span></a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="ref/csrf.html"><span class="doc">Cross Site Request Forgery protection</span></a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="topics/signing.html"><span class="doc">Cryptographic signing</span></a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="ref/middleware.html#security-middleware"><span class="std std-ref">Security Middleware</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="section" id="s-internationalization-and-localization"> <span id="internationalization-and-localization"></span><h2>Internationalization and localization<a class="headerlink" href="#internationalization-and-localization" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>Django offers a robust internationalization and localization framework to assist you in the development of applications for multiple languages and world regions:</p> <ul class="simple"> <li><a class="reference internal" href="topics/i18n/index.html"><span class="doc">Overview</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="topics/i18n/translation.html"><span class="doc">Internationalization</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="topics/i18n/translation.html#how-to-create-language-files"><span class="std std-ref">Localization</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="topics/i18n/formatting.html"><span class="doc">Localized Web UI formatting and form input</span></a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="topics/localflavor.html"><span class="doc">“Local flavor”</span></a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="topics/i18n/timezones.html"><span class="doc">Time zones</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="section" id="s-performance-and-optimization"> <span id="performance-and-optimization"></span><h2>Performance and optimization<a class="headerlink" href="#performance-and-optimization" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>There are a variety of techniques and tools that can help get your code running more efficiently - faster, and using fewer system resources.</p> <ul class="simple"> <li><a class="reference internal" href="topics/performance.html"><span class="doc">Performance and optimization overview</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="section" id="s-python-compatibility"> <span id="python-compatibility"></span><h2>Python compatibility<a class="headerlink" href="#python-compatibility" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>Django aims to be compatible with multiple different flavors and versions of Python:</p> <ul class="simple"> <li><a class="reference internal" href="howto/jython.html"><span class="doc">Jython support</span></a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="topics/python3.html"><span class="doc">Python 3 compatibility</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="section" id="s-geographic-framework"> <span id="geographic-framework"></span><h2>Geographic framework<a class="headerlink" href="#geographic-framework" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/gis/index.html"><span class="doc">GeoDjango</span></a> intends to be a world-class geographic Web framework. Its goal is to make it as easy as possible to build GIS Web applications and harness the power of spatially enabled data.</p> </div> <div class="section" id="s-common-web-application-tools"> <span id="common-web-application-tools"></span><h2>Common Web application tools<a class="headerlink" href="#common-web-application-tools" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>Django offers multiple tools commonly needed in the development of Web applications:</p> <ul class="simple"> <li><strong>Authentication:</strong> <a class="reference internal" href="topics/auth/index.html"><span class="doc">Overview</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="topics/auth/default.html"><span class="doc">Using the authentication system</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="topics/auth/passwords.html"><span class="doc">Password management</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="topics/auth/customizing.html"><span class="doc">Customizing authentication</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/auth.html"><span class="doc">API Reference</span></a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="topics/cache.html"><span class="doc">Caching</span></a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="topics/logging.html"><span class="doc">Logging</span></a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="topics/email.html"><span class="doc">Sending emails</span></a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/syndication.html"><span class="doc">Syndication feeds (RSS/Atom)</span></a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="topics/pagination.html"><span class="doc">Pagination</span></a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/messages.html"><span class="doc">Messages framework</span></a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="topics/serialization.html"><span class="doc">Serialization</span></a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="topics/http/sessions.html"><span class="doc">Sessions</span></a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/sitemaps.html"><span class="doc">Sitemaps</span></a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/staticfiles.html"><span class="doc">Static files management</span></a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="ref/validators.html"><span class="doc">Data validation</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="section" id="s-other-core-functionalities"> <span id="other-core-functionalities"></span><h2>Other core functionalities<a class="headerlink" href="#other-core-functionalities" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>Learn about some other core functionalities of the Django framework:</p> <ul class="simple"> <li><a class="reference internal" href="topics/conditional-view-processing.html"><span class="doc">Conditional content processing</span></a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/contenttypes.html"><span class="doc">Content types and generic relations</span></a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/flatpages.html"><span class="doc">Flatpages</span></a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/redirects.html"><span class="doc">Redirects</span></a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="topics/signals.html"><span class="doc">Signals</span></a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="topics/checks.html"><span class="doc">System check framework</span></a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/sites.html"><span class="doc">The sites framework</span></a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="ref/unicode.html"><span class="doc">Unicode in Django</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="section" id="s-the-django-open-source-project"> <span id="the-django-open-source-project"></span><h2>The Django open-source project<a class="headerlink" href="#the-django-open-source-project" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>Learn about the development process for the Django project itself and about how you can contribute:</p> <ul class="simple"> <li><strong>Community:</strong> <a class="reference internal" href="internals/contributing/index.html"><span class="doc">How to get involved</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="internals/release-process.html"><span class="doc">The release process</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="internals/organization.html"><span class="doc">Team organization</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="internals/team.html"><span class="doc">Meet the team</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="internals/roles.html"><span class="doc">Current roles</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="internals/git.html"><span class="doc">The Django source code repository</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="internals/security.html"><span class="doc">Security policies</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="internals/mailing-lists.html"><span class="doc">Mailing lists</span></a></li> <li><strong>Design philosophies:</strong> <a class="reference internal" href="misc/design-philosophies.html"><span class="doc">Overview</span></a></li> <li><strong>Documentation:</strong> <a class="reference internal" href="internals/contributing/writing-documentation.html"><span class="doc">About this documentation</span></a></li> <li><strong>Third-party distributions:</strong> <a class="reference internal" href="misc/distributions.html"><span class="doc">Overview</span></a></li> <li><strong>Django over time:</strong> <a class="reference internal" href="misc/api-stability.html"><span class="doc">API stability</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="releases/index.html"><span class="doc">Release notes and upgrading instructions</span></a> | <a class="reference internal" href="internals/deprecation.html"><span class="doc">Deprecation Timeline</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="ft"> <div class="nav"> 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