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<div class="section" id="kdc-conf">
<span id="kdc-conf-5"></span><h1>kdc.conf<a class="headerlink" href="#kdc-conf" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p>The kdc.conf file supplements <a class="reference internal" href="krb5_conf.html#krb5-conf-5"><span class="std std-ref">krb5.conf</span></a> for programs which
are typically only used on a KDC, such as the <a class="reference internal" href="../admin_commands/krb5kdc.html#krb5kdc-8"><span class="std std-ref">krb5kdc</span></a> and
<a class="reference internal" href="../admin_commands/kadmind.html#kadmind-8"><span class="std std-ref">kadmind</span></a> daemons and the <a class="reference internal" href="../admin_commands/kdb5_util.html#kdb5-util-8"><span class="std std-ref">kdb5_util</span></a> program.
Relations documented here may also be specified in krb5.conf; for the
KDC programs mentioned, krb5.conf and kdc.conf will be merged into a
single configuration profile.</p>
<p>Normally, the kdc.conf file is found in the KDC state directory,
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/var/lib</span></code><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/krb5kdc</span></code>. You can override the default location by setting the
environment variable <strong>KRB5_KDC_PROFILE</strong>.</p>
<p>Please note that you need to restart the KDC daemon for any configuration
changes to take effect.</p>
<div class="section" id="structure">
<h2>Structure<a class="headerlink" href="#structure" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>The kdc.conf file is set up in the same format as the
<a class="reference internal" href="krb5_conf.html#krb5-conf-5"><span class="std std-ref">krb5.conf</span></a> file.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="sections">
<h2>Sections<a class="headerlink" href="#sections" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>The kdc.conf file may contain the following sections:</p>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="29%" />
<col width="71%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="row-odd"><td><a class="reference internal" href="#kdcdefaults"><span class="std std-ref">[kdcdefaults]</span></a></td>
<td>Default values for KDC behavior</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><a class="reference internal" href="#kdc-realms"><span class="std std-ref">[realms]</span></a></td>
<td>Realm-specific database configuration and settings</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><a class="reference internal" href="#dbdefaults"><span class="std std-ref">[dbdefaults]</span></a></td>
<td>Default database settings</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><a class="reference internal" href="#dbmodules"><span class="std std-ref">[dbmodules]</span></a></td>
<td>Per-database settings</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><a class="reference internal" href="#logging"><span class="std std-ref">[logging]</span></a></td>
<td>Controls how Kerberos daemons perform logging</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="section" id="kdcdefaults">
<span id="id1"></span><h3>[kdcdefaults]<a class="headerlink" href="#kdcdefaults" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>With two exceptions, relations in the [kdcdefaults] section specify
default values for realm variables, to be used if the [realms]
subsection does not contain a relation for the tag. See the
<a class="reference internal" href="#kdc-realms"><span class="std std-ref">[realms]</span></a> section for the definitions of these relations.</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><strong>host_based_services</strong></li>
<li><strong>kdc_listen</strong></li>
<li><strong>kdc_ports</strong></li>
<li><strong>kdc_tcp_listen</strong></li>
<li><strong>kdc_tcp_ports</strong></li>
<li><strong>no_host_referral</strong></li>
<li><strong>restrict_anonymous_to_tgt</strong></li>
</ul>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt><strong>kdc_max_dgram_reply_size</strong></dt>
<dd>Specifies the maximum packet size that can be sent over UDP. The
default value is 4096 bytes.</dd>
<dt><strong>kdc_tcp_listen_backlog</strong></dt>
<dd>(Integer.) Set the size of the listen queue length for the KDC
daemon. The value may be limited by OS settings. The default
value is 5.</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="section" id="realms">
<span id="kdc-realms"></span><h3>[realms]<a class="headerlink" href="#realms" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Each tag in the [realms] section is the name of a Kerberos realm. The
value of the tag is a subsection where the relations define KDC
parameters for that particular realm. The following example shows how
to define one parameter for the ATHENA.MIT.EDU realm:</p>
<div class="highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">realms</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="n">ATHENA</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MIT</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">EDU</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">max_renewable_life</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">7</span><span class="n">d</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="n">h</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="n">m</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="n">s</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The following tags may be specified in a [realms] subsection:</p>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt><strong>acl_file</strong></dt>
<dd>(String.) Location of the access control list file that
<a class="reference internal" href="../admin_commands/kadmind.html#kadmind-8"><span class="std std-ref">kadmind</span></a> uses to determine which principals are allowed
which permissions on the Kerberos database. The default value is
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/var/lib</span></code><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/krb5kdc</span></code><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/kadm5.acl</span></code>. For more information on Kerberos ACL
file see <a class="reference internal" href="kadm5_acl.html#kadm5-acl-5"><span class="std std-ref">kadm5.acl</span></a>.</dd>
<dt><strong>database_module</strong></dt>
<dd>(String.) This relation indicates the name of the configuration
section under <a class="reference internal" href="#dbmodules"><span class="std std-ref">[dbmodules]</span></a> for database-specific parameters
used by the loadable database library. The default value is the
realm name. If this configuration section does not exist, default
values will be used for all database parameters.</dd>
<dt><strong>database_name</strong></dt>
<dd>(String, deprecated.) This relation specifies the location of the
Kerberos database for this realm, if the DB2 module is being used
and the <a class="reference internal" href="#dbmodules"><span class="std std-ref">[dbmodules]</span></a> configuration section does not specify a
database name. The default value is <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/var/lib</span></code><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/krb5kdc</span></code><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/principal</span></code>.</dd>
<dt><strong>default_principal_expiration</strong></dt>
<dd>(<a class="reference internal" href="../../basic/date_format.html#abstime"><span class="std std-ref">Absolute time</span></a> string.) Specifies the default expiration date of
principals created in this realm. The default value is 0, which
means no expiration date.</dd>
<dt><strong>default_principal_flags</strong></dt>
<dd><p class="first">(Flag string.) Specifies the default attributes of principals
created in this realm. The format for this string is a
comma-separated list of flags, with ‘+’ before each flag that
should be enabled and ‘-‘ before each flag that should be
disabled. The <strong>postdateable</strong>, <strong>forwardable</strong>, <strong>tgt-based</strong>,
<strong>renewable</strong>, <strong>proxiable</strong>, <strong>dup-skey</strong>, <strong>allow-tickets</strong>, and
<strong>service</strong> flags default to enabled.</p>
<p>There are a number of possible flags:</p>
<dl class="last docutils">
<dt><strong>allow-tickets</strong></dt>
<dd>Enabling this flag means that the KDC will issue tickets for
this principal. Disabling this flag essentially deactivates
the principal within this realm.</dd>
<dt><strong>dup-skey</strong></dt>
<dd>Enabling this flag allows the principal to obtain a session
key for another user, permitting user-to-user authentication
for this principal.</dd>
<dt><strong>forwardable</strong></dt>
<dd>Enabling this flag allows the principal to obtain forwardable
tickets.</dd>
<dt><strong>hwauth</strong></dt>
<dd>If this flag is enabled, then the principal is required to
preauthenticate using a hardware device before receiving any
tickets.</dd>
<dt><strong>no-auth-data-required</strong></dt>
<dd>Enabling this flag prevents PAC or AD-SIGNEDPATH data from
being added to service tickets for the principal.</dd>
<dt><strong>ok-as-delegate</strong></dt>
<dd>If this flag is enabled, it hints the client that credentials
can and should be delegated when authenticating to the
service.</dd>
<dt><strong>ok-to-auth-as-delegate</strong></dt>
<dd>Enabling this flag allows the principal to use S4USelf tickets.</dd>
<dt><strong>postdateable</strong></dt>
<dd>Enabling this flag allows the principal to obtain postdateable
tickets.</dd>
<dt><strong>preauth</strong></dt>
<dd>If this flag is enabled on a client principal, then that
principal is required to preauthenticate to the KDC before
receiving any tickets. On a service principal, enabling this
flag means that service tickets for this principal will only
be issued to clients with a TGT that has the preauthenticated
bit set.</dd>
<dt><strong>proxiable</strong></dt>
<dd>Enabling this flag allows the principal to obtain proxy
tickets.</dd>
<dt><strong>pwchange</strong></dt>
<dd>Enabling this flag forces a password change for this
principal.</dd>
<dt><strong>pwservice</strong></dt>
<dd>If this flag is enabled, it marks this principal as a password
change service. This should only be used in special cases,
for example, if a user’s password has expired, then the user
has to get tickets for that principal without going through
the normal password authentication in order to be able to
change the password.</dd>
<dt><strong>renewable</strong></dt>
<dd>Enabling this flag allows the principal to obtain renewable
tickets.</dd>
<dt><strong>service</strong></dt>
<dd>Enabling this flag allows the the KDC to issue service tickets
for this principal.</dd>
<dt><strong>tgt-based</strong></dt>
<dd>Enabling this flag allows a principal to obtain tickets based
on a ticket-granting-ticket, rather than repeating the
authentication process that was used to obtain the TGT.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
<dt><strong>dict_file</strong></dt>
<dd>(String.) Location of the dictionary file containing strings that
are not allowed as passwords. The file should contain one string
per line, with no additional whitespace. If none is specified or
if there is no policy assigned to the principal, no dictionary
checks of passwords will be performed.</dd>
<dt><strong>host_based_services</strong></dt>
<dd>(Whitespace- or comma-separated list.) Lists services which will
get host-based referral processing even if the server principal is
not marked as host-based by the client.</dd>
<dt><strong>iprop_enable</strong></dt>
<dd>(Boolean value.) Specifies whether incremental database
propagation is enabled. The default value is false.</dd>
<dt><strong>iprop_master_ulogsize</strong></dt>
<dd>(Integer.) Specifies the maximum number of log entries to be
retained for incremental propagation. The default value is 1000.
Prior to release 1.11, the maximum value was 2500.</dd>
<dt><strong>iprop_slave_poll</strong></dt>
<dd>(Delta time string.) Specifies how often the slave KDC polls for
new updates from the master. The default value is <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">2m</span></code> (that
is, two minutes).</dd>
<dt><strong>iprop_listen</strong></dt>
<dd>(Whitespace- or comma-separated list.) Specifies the iprop RPC
listening addresses and/or ports for the <a class="reference internal" href="../admin_commands/kadmind.html#kadmind-8"><span class="std std-ref">kadmind</span></a> daemon.
Each entry may be an interface address, a port number, or an
address and port number separated by a colon. If the address
contains colons, enclose it in square brackets. If no address is
specified, the wildcard address is used. If kadmind fails to bind
to any of the specified addresses, it will fail to start. The
default (when <strong>iprop_enable</strong> is true) is to bind to the wildcard
address at the port specified in <strong>iprop_port</strong>. New in release
1.15.</dd>
<dt><strong>iprop_port</strong></dt>
<dd>(Port number.) Specifies the port number to be used for
incremental propagation. When <strong>iprop_enable</strong> is true, this
relation is required in the slave configuration file, and this
relation or <strong>iprop_listen</strong> is required in the master
configuration file, as there is no default port number. Port
numbers specified in <strong>iprop_listen</strong> entries will override this
port number for the <a class="reference internal" href="../admin_commands/kadmind.html#kadmind-8"><span class="std std-ref">kadmind</span></a> daemon.</dd>
<dt><strong>iprop_resync_timeout</strong></dt>
<dd>(Delta time string.) Specifies the amount of time to wait for a
full propagation to complete. This is optional in configuration
files, and is used by slave KDCs only. The default value is 5
minutes (<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">5m</span></code>). New in release 1.11.</dd>
<dt><strong>iprop_logfile</strong></dt>
<dd>(File name.) Specifies where the update log file for the realm
database is to be stored. The default is to use the
<strong>database_name</strong> entry from the realms section of the krb5 config
file, with <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">.ulog</span></code> appended. (NOTE: If <strong>database_name</strong> isn’t
specified in the realms section, perhaps because the LDAP database
back end is being used, or the file name is specified in the
[dbmodules] section, then the hard-coded default for
<strong>database_name</strong> is used. Determination of the <strong>iprop_logfile</strong>
default value will not use values from the [dbmodules] section.)</dd>
<dt><strong>kadmind_listen</strong></dt>
<dd>(Whitespace- or comma-separated list.) Specifies the kadmin RPC
listening addresses and/or ports for the <a class="reference internal" href="../admin_commands/kadmind.html#kadmind-8"><span class="std std-ref">kadmind</span></a> daemon.
Each entry may be an interface address, a port number, or an
address and port number separated by a colon. If the address
contains colons, enclose it in square brackets. If no address is
specified, the wildcard address is used. If kadmind fails to bind
to any of the specified addresses, it will fail to start. The
default is to bind to the wildcard address at the port specified
in <strong>kadmind_port</strong>, or the standard kadmin port (749). New in
release 1.15.</dd>
<dt><strong>kadmind_port</strong></dt>
<dd>(Port number.) Specifies the port on which the <a class="reference internal" href="../admin_commands/kadmind.html#kadmind-8"><span class="std std-ref">kadmind</span></a>
daemon is to listen for this realm. Port numbers specified in
<strong>kadmind_listen</strong> entries will override this port number. The
assigned port for kadmind is 749, which is used by default.</dd>
<dt><strong>key_stash_file</strong></dt>
<dd>(String.) Specifies the location where the master key has been
stored (via kdb5_util stash). The default is <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/var/lib</span></code><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/krb5kdc</span></code><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/.k5.REALM</span></code>, where <em>REALM</em> is the Kerberos realm.</dd>
<dt><strong>kdc_listen</strong></dt>
<dd>(Whitespace- or comma-separated list.) Specifies the UDP
listening addresses and/or ports for the <a class="reference internal" href="../admin_commands/krb5kdc.html#krb5kdc-8"><span class="std std-ref">krb5kdc</span></a> daemon.
Each entry may be an interface address, a port number, or an
address and port number separated by a colon. If the address
contains colons, enclose it in square brackets. If no address is
specified, the wildcard address is used. If no port is specified,
the standard port (88) is used. If the KDC daemon fails to bind
to any of the specified addresses, it will fail to start. The
default is to bind to the wildcard address on the standard port.
New in release 1.15.</dd>
<dt><strong>kdc_ports</strong></dt>
<dd>(Whitespace- or comma-separated list, deprecated.) Prior to
release 1.15, this relation lists the ports for the
<a class="reference internal" href="../admin_commands/krb5kdc.html#krb5kdc-8"><span class="std std-ref">krb5kdc</span></a> daemon to listen on for UDP requests. In
release 1.15 and later, it has the same meaning as <strong>kdc_listen</strong>
if that relation is not defined.</dd>
<dt><strong>kdc_tcp_listen</strong></dt>
<dd>(Whitespace- or comma-separated list.) Specifies the TCP
listening addresses and/or ports for the <a class="reference internal" href="../admin_commands/krb5kdc.html#krb5kdc-8"><span class="std std-ref">krb5kdc</span></a> daemon.
Each entry may be an interface address, a port number, or an
address and port number separated by a colon. If the address
contains colons, enclose it in square brackets. If no address is
specified, the wildcard address is used. If no port is specified,
the standard port (88) is used. To disable listening on TCP, set
this relation to the empty string with <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">kdc_tcp_listen</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">""</span></code>.
If the KDC daemon fails to bind to any of the specified addresses,
it will fail to start. The default is to bind to the wildcard
address on the standard port. New in release 1.15.</dd>
<dt><strong>kdc_tcp_ports</strong></dt>
<dd>(Whitespace- or comma-separated list, deprecated.) Prior to
release 1.15, this relation lists the ports for the
<a class="reference internal" href="../admin_commands/krb5kdc.html#krb5kdc-8"><span class="std std-ref">krb5kdc</span></a> daemon to listen on for UDP requests. In
release 1.15 and later, it has the same meaning as
<strong>kdc_tcp_listen</strong> if that relation is not defined.</dd>
<dt><strong>kpasswd_listen</strong></dt>
<dd>(Comma-separated list.) Specifies the kpasswd listening addresses
and/or ports for the <a class="reference internal" href="../admin_commands/kadmind.html#kadmind-8"><span class="std std-ref">kadmind</span></a> daemon. Each entry may be
an interface address, a port number, or an address and port number
separated by a colon. If the address contains colons, enclose it
in square brackets. If no address is specified, the wildcard
address is used. If kadmind fails to bind to any of the specified
addresses, it will fail to start. The default is to bind to the
wildcard address at the port specified in <strong>kpasswd_port</strong>, or the
standard kpasswd port (464). New in release 1.15.</dd>
<dt><strong>kpasswd_port</strong></dt>
<dd>(Port number.) Specifies the port on which the <a class="reference internal" href="../admin_commands/kadmind.html#kadmind-8"><span class="std std-ref">kadmind</span></a>
daemon is to listen for password change requests for this realm.
Port numbers specified in <strong>kpasswd_listen</strong> entries will override
this port number. The assigned port for password change requests
is 464, which is used by default.</dd>
<dt><strong>master_key_name</strong></dt>
<dd>(String.) Specifies the name of the principal associated with the
master key. The default is <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">K/M</span></code>.</dd>
<dt><strong>master_key_type</strong></dt>
<dd>(Key type string.) Specifies the master key’s key type. The
default value for this is <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96</span></code>. For a list of all possible
values, see <a class="reference internal" href="#encryption-types"><span class="std std-ref">Encryption types</span></a>.</dd>
<dt><strong>max_life</strong></dt>
<dd>(<a class="reference internal" href="../../basic/date_format.html#duration"><span class="std std-ref">Time duration</span></a> string.) Specifies the maximum time period for
which a ticket may be valid in this realm. The default value is
24 hours.</dd>
<dt><strong>max_renewable_life</strong></dt>
<dd>(<a class="reference internal" href="../../basic/date_format.html#duration"><span class="std std-ref">Time duration</span></a> string.) Specifies the maximum time period
during which a valid ticket may be renewed in this realm.
The default value is 0.</dd>
<dt><strong>no_host_referral</strong></dt>
<dd>(Whitespace- or comma-separated list.) Lists services to block
from getting host-based referral processing, even if the client
marks the server principal as host-based or the service is also
listed in <strong>host_based_services</strong>. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">no_host_referral</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">*</span></code> will
disable referral processing altogether.</dd>
<dt><strong>des_crc_session_supported</strong></dt>
<dd>(Boolean value). If set to true, the KDC will assume that service
principals support des-cbc-crc for session key enctype negotiation
purposes. If <strong>allow_weak_crypto</strong> in <a class="reference internal" href="krb5_conf.html#libdefaults"><span class="std std-ref">[libdefaults]</span></a> is
false, or if des-cbc-crc is not a permitted enctype, then this
variable has no effect. Defaults to true. New in release 1.11.</dd>
<dt><strong>reject_bad_transit</strong></dt>
<dd><p class="first">(Boolean value.) If set to true, the KDC will check the list of
transited realms for cross-realm tickets against the transit path
computed from the realm names and the capaths section of its
<a class="reference internal" href="krb5_conf.html#krb5-conf-5"><span class="std std-ref">krb5.conf</span></a> file; if the path in the ticket to be issued
contains any realms not in the computed path, the ticket will not
be issued, and an error will be returned to the client instead.
If this value is set to false, such tickets will be issued
anyways, and it will be left up to the application server to
validate the realm transit path.</p>
<p>If the disable-transited-check flag is set in the incoming
request, this check is not performed at all. Having the
<strong>reject_bad_transit</strong> option will cause such ticket requests to
be rejected always.</p>
<p>This transit path checking and config file option currently apply
only to TGS requests.</p>
<p class="last">The default value is true.</p>
</dd>
<dt><strong>restrict_anonymous_to_tgt</strong></dt>
<dd>(Boolean value.) If set to true, the KDC will reject ticket
requests from anonymous principals to service principals other
than the realm’s ticket-granting service. This option allows
anonymous PKINIT to be enabled for use as FAST armor tickets
without allowing anonymous authentication to services. The
default value is false. New in release 1.9.</dd>
<dt><strong>supported_enctypes</strong></dt>
<dd>(List of <em>key</em>:<em>salt</em> strings.) Specifies the default key/salt
combinations of principals for this realm. Any principals created
through <a class="reference internal" href="../admin_commands/kadmin_local.html#kadmin-1"><span class="std std-ref">kadmin</span></a> will have keys of these types. The
default value for this tag is <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96:normal</span> <span class="pre">aes128-cts-hmac-sha1-96:normal</span> <span class="pre">des3-cbc-sha1:normal</span> <span class="pre">arcfour-hmac-md5:normal</span></code>. For lists of
possible values, see <a class="reference internal" href="#keysalt-lists"><span class="std std-ref">Keysalt lists</span></a>.</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="section" id="dbdefaults">
<span id="id2"></span><h3>[dbdefaults]<a class="headerlink" href="#dbdefaults" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>The [dbdefaults] section specifies default values for some database
parameters, to be used if the [dbmodules] subsection does not contain
a relation for the tag. See the <a class="reference internal" href="#dbmodules"><span class="std std-ref">[dbmodules]</span></a> section for the
definitions of these relations.</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><strong>ldap_kerberos_container_dn</strong></li>
<li><strong>ldap_kdc_dn</strong></li>
<li><strong>ldap_kdc_sasl_authcid</strong></li>
<li><strong>ldap_kdc_sasl_authzid</strong></li>
<li><strong>ldap_kdc_sasl_mech</strong></li>
<li><strong>ldap_kdc_sasl_realm</strong></li>
<li><strong>ldap_kadmind_dn</strong></li>
<li><strong>ldap_kadmind_sasl_authcid</strong></li>
<li><strong>ldap_kadmind_sasl_authzid</strong></li>
<li><strong>ldap_kadmind_sasl_mech</strong></li>
<li><strong>ldap_kadmind_sasl_realm</strong></li>
<li><strong>ldap_service_password_file</strong></li>
<li><strong>ldap_servers</strong></li>
<li><strong>ldap_conns_per_server</strong></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="dbmodules">
<span id="id3"></span><h3>[dbmodules]<a class="headerlink" href="#dbmodules" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>The [dbmodules] section contains parameters used by the KDC database
library and database modules. Each tag in the [dbmodules] section is
the name of a Kerberos realm or a section name specified by a realm’s
<strong>database_module</strong> parameter. The following example shows how to
define one database parameter for the ATHENA.MIT.EDU realm:</p>
<div class="highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">dbmodules</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="n">ATHENA</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MIT</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">EDU</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">disable_last_success</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">true</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The following tags may be specified in a [dbmodules] subsection:</p>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt><strong>database_name</strong></dt>
<dd>This DB2-specific tag indicates the location of the database in
the filesystem. The default is <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/var/lib</span></code><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/krb5kdc</span></code><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/principal</span></code>.</dd>
<dt><strong>db_library</strong></dt>
<dd>This tag indicates the name of the loadable database module. The
value should be <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">db2</span></code> for the DB2 module and <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">kldap</span></code> for the
LDAP module.</dd>
<dt><strong>disable_last_success</strong></dt>
<dd>If set to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">true</span></code>, suppresses KDC updates to the “Last successful
authentication” field of principal entries requiring
preauthentication. Setting this flag may improve performance.
(Principal entries which do not require preauthentication never
update the “Last successful authentication” field.). First
introduced in release 1.9.</dd>
<dt><strong>disable_lockout</strong></dt>
<dd>If set to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">true</span></code>, suppresses KDC updates to the “Last failed
authentication” and “Failed password attempts” fields of principal
entries requiring preauthentication. Setting this flag may
improve performance, but also disables account lockout. First
introduced in release 1.9.</dd>
<dt><strong>ldap_conns_per_server</strong></dt>
<dd>This LDAP-specific tag indicates the number of connections to be
maintained per LDAP server.</dd>
<dt><strong>ldap_kdc_dn</strong> and <strong>ldap_kadmind_dn</strong></dt>
<dd>These LDAP-specific tags indicate the default DN for binding to
the LDAP server. The <a class="reference internal" href="../admin_commands/krb5kdc.html#krb5kdc-8"><span class="std std-ref">krb5kdc</span></a> daemon uses
<strong>ldap_kdc_dn</strong>, while the <a class="reference internal" href="../admin_commands/kadmind.html#kadmind-8"><span class="std std-ref">kadmind</span></a> daemon and other
administrative programs use <strong>ldap_kadmind_dn</strong>. The kadmind DN
must have the rights to read and write the Kerberos data in the
LDAP database. The KDC DN must have the same rights, unless
<strong>disable_lockout</strong> and <strong>disable_last_success</strong> are true, in
which case it only needs to have rights to read the Kerberos data.
These tags are ignored if a SASL mechanism is set with
<strong>ldap_kdc_sasl_mech</strong> or <strong>ldap_kadmind_sasl_mech</strong>.</dd>
<dt><strong>ldap_kdc_sasl_mech</strong> and <strong>ldap_kadmind_sasl_mech</strong></dt>
<dd>These LDAP-specific tags specify the SASL mechanism (such as
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">EXTERNAL</span></code>) to use when binding to the LDAP server. New in
release 1.13.</dd>
<dt><strong>ldap_kdc_sasl_authcid</strong> and <strong>ldap_kadmind_sasl_authcid</strong></dt>
<dd>These LDAP-specific tags specify the SASL authentication identity
to use when binding to the LDAP server. Not all SASL mechanisms
require an authentication identity. If the SASL mechanism
requires a secret (such as the password for <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">DIGEST-MD5</span></code>), these
tags also determine the name within the
<strong>ldap_service_password_file</strong> where the secret is stashed. New
in release 1.13.</dd>
<dt><strong>ldap_kdc_sasl_authzid</strong> and <strong>ldap_kadmind_sasl_authzid</strong></dt>
<dd>These LDAP-specific tags specify the SASL authorization identity
to use when binding to the LDAP server. In most circumstances
they do not need to be specified. New in release 1.13.</dd>
<dt><strong>ldap_kdc_sasl_realm</strong> and <strong>ldap_kadmind_sasl_realm</strong></dt>
<dd>These LDAP-specific tags specify the SASL realm to use when
binding to the LDAP server. In most circumstances they do not
need to be set. New in release 1.13.</dd>
<dt><strong>ldap_kerberos_container_dn</strong></dt>
<dd>This LDAP-specific tag indicates the DN of the container object
where the realm objects will be located.</dd>
<dt><strong>ldap_servers</strong></dt>
<dd>This LDAP-specific tag indicates the list of LDAP servers that the
Kerberos servers can connect to. The list of LDAP servers is
whitespace-separated. The LDAP server is specified by a LDAP URI.
It is recommended to use <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ldapi:</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ldaps:</span></code> URLs to connect
to the LDAP server.</dd>
<dt><strong>ldap_service_password_file</strong></dt>
<dd>This LDAP-specific tag indicates the file containing the stashed
passwords (created by <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">kdb5_ldap_util</span> <span class="pre">stashsrvpw</span></code>) for the
<strong>ldap_kdc_dn</strong> and <strong>ldap_kadmind_dn</strong> objects, or for the
<strong>ldap_kdc_sasl_authcid</strong> or <strong>ldap_kadmind_sasl_authcid</strong> names
for SASL authentication. This file must be kept secure.</dd>
<dt><strong>unlockiter</strong></dt>
<dd>If set to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">true</span></code>, this DB2-specific tag causes iteration
operations to release the database lock while processing each
principal. Setting this flag to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">true</span></code> can prevent extended
blocking of KDC or kadmin operations when dumps of large databases
are in progress. First introduced in release 1.13.</dd>
</dl>
<p>The following tag may be specified directly in the [dbmodules]
section to control where database modules are loaded from:</p>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt><strong>db_module_dir</strong></dt>
<dd>This tag controls where the plugin system looks for database
modules. The value should be an absolute path.</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="section" id="logging">
<span id="id4"></span><h3>[logging]<a class="headerlink" href="#logging" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>The [logging] section indicates how <a class="reference internal" href="../admin_commands/krb5kdc.html#krb5kdc-8"><span class="std std-ref">krb5kdc</span></a> and
<a class="reference internal" href="../admin_commands/kadmind.html#kadmind-8"><span class="std std-ref">kadmind</span></a> perform logging. It may contain the following
relations:</p>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt><strong>admin_server</strong></dt>
<dd>Specifies how <a class="reference internal" href="../admin_commands/kadmind.html#kadmind-8"><span class="std std-ref">kadmind</span></a> performs logging.</dd>
<dt><strong>kdc</strong></dt>
<dd>Specifies how <a class="reference internal" href="../admin_commands/krb5kdc.html#krb5kdc-8"><span class="std std-ref">krb5kdc</span></a> performs logging.</dd>
<dt><strong>default</strong></dt>
<dd>Specifies how either daemon performs logging in the absence of
relations specific to the daemon.</dd>
<dt><strong>debug</strong></dt>
<dd>(Boolean value.) Specifies whether debugging messages are
included in log outputs other than SYSLOG. Debugging messages are
always included in the system log output because syslog performs
its own priority filtering. The default value is false. New in
release 1.15.</dd>
</dl>
<p>Logging specifications may have the following forms:</p>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt><strong>FILE=</strong><em>filename</em> or <strong>FILE:</strong><em>filename</em></dt>
<dd>This value causes the daemon’s logging messages to go to the
<em>filename</em>. If the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">=</span></code> form is used, the file is overwritten.
If the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">:</span></code> form is used, the file is appended to.</dd>
<dt><strong>STDERR</strong></dt>
<dd>This value causes the daemon’s logging messages to go to its
standard error stream.</dd>
<dt><strong>CONSOLE</strong></dt>
<dd>This value causes the daemon’s logging messages to go to the
console, if the system supports it.</dd>
<dt><strong>DEVICE=</strong><em><devicename></em></dt>
<dd>This causes the daemon’s logging messages to go to the specified
device.</dd>
<dt><strong>SYSLOG</strong>[<strong>:</strong><em>severity</em>[<strong>:</strong><em>facility</em>]]</dt>
<dd><p class="first">This causes the daemon’s logging messages to go to the system log.</p>
<p>The severity argument specifies the default severity of system log
messages. This may be any of the following severities supported
by the syslog(3) call, minus the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">LOG_</span></code> prefix: <strong>EMERG</strong>,
<strong>ALERT</strong>, <strong>CRIT</strong>, <strong>ERR</strong>, <strong>WARNING</strong>, <strong>NOTICE</strong>, <strong>INFO</strong>,
and <strong>DEBUG</strong>.</p>
<p>The facility argument specifies the facility under which the
messages are logged. This may be any of the following facilities
supported by the syslog(3) call minus the LOG_ prefix: <strong>KERN</strong>,
<strong>USER</strong>, <strong>MAIL</strong>, <strong>DAEMON</strong>, <strong>AUTH</strong>, <strong>LPR</strong>, <strong>NEWS</strong>,
<strong>UUCP</strong>, <strong>CRON</strong>, and <strong>LOCAL0</strong> through <strong>LOCAL7</strong>.</p>
<p class="last">If no severity is specified, the default is <strong>ERR</strong>. If no
facility is specified, the default is <strong>AUTH</strong>.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<p>In the following example, the logging messages from the KDC will go to
the console and to the system log under the facility LOG_DAEMON with
default severity of LOG_INFO; and the logging messages from the
administrative server will be appended to the file
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/var/adm/kadmin.log</span></code> and sent to the device <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/dev/tty04</span></code>.</p>
<div class="highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">logging</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="n">kdc</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">CONSOLE</span>
<span class="n">kdc</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">SYSLOG</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">INFO</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">DAEMON</span>
<span class="n">admin_server</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">FILE</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">var</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">adm</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">kadmin</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">log</span>
<span class="n">admin_server</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">DEVICE</span><span class="o">=/</span><span class="n">dev</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">tty04</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="otp">
<span id="id5"></span><h3>[otp]<a class="headerlink" href="#otp" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Each subsection of [otp] is the name of an OTP token type. The tags
within the subsection define the configuration required to forward a
One Time Password request to a RADIUS server.</p>
<p>For each token type, the following tags may be specified:</p>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt><strong>server</strong></dt>
<dd>This is the server to send the RADIUS request to. It can be a
hostname with optional port, an ip address with optional port, or
a Unix domain socket address. The default is
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/var/lib</span></code><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/krb5kdc</span></code><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/<name>.socket</span></code>.</dd>
<dt><strong>secret</strong></dt>
<dd>This tag indicates a filename (which may be relative to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/var/lib</span></code><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/krb5kdc</span></code>)
containing the secret used to encrypt the RADIUS packets. The
secret should appear in the first line of the file by itself;
leading and trailing whitespace on the line will be removed. If
the value of <strong>server</strong> is a Unix domain socket address, this tag
is optional, and an empty secret will be used if it is not
specified. Otherwise, this tag is required.</dd>
<dt><strong>timeout</strong></dt>
<dd>An integer which specifies the time in seconds during which the
KDC should attempt to contact the RADIUS server. This tag is the
total time across all retries and should be less than the time
which an OTP value remains valid for. The default is 5 seconds.</dd>
<dt><strong>retries</strong></dt>
<dd>This tag specifies the number of retries to make to the RADIUS
server. The default is 3 retries (4 tries).</dd>
<dt><strong>strip_realm</strong></dt>
<dd>If this tag is <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">true</span></code>, the principal without the realm will be
passed to the RADIUS server. Otherwise, the realm will be
included. The default value is <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">true</span></code>.</dd>
<dt><strong>indicator</strong></dt>
<dd>This tag specifies an authentication indicator to be included in
the ticket if this token type is used to authenticate. This
option may be specified multiple times. (New in release 1.14.)</dd>
</dl>
<p>In the following example, requests are sent to a remote server via UDP:</p>
<div class="highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[otp]
MyRemoteTokenType = {
server = radius.mydomain.com:1812
secret = SEmfiajf42$
timeout = 15
retries = 5
strip_realm = true
}
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>An implicit default token type named <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">DEFAULT</span></code> is defined for when
the per-principal configuration does not specify a token type. Its
configuration is shown below. You may override this token type to
something applicable for your situation:</p>
<div class="highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">otp</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="n">DEFAULT</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">strip_realm</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">false</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="pkinit-options">
<h2>PKINIT options<a class="headerlink" href="#pkinit-options" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">The following are pkinit-specific options. These values may
be specified in [kdcdefaults] as global defaults, or within
a realm-specific subsection of [realms]. Also note that a
realm-specific value over-rides, does not add to, a generic
[kdcdefaults] specification. The search order is:</p>
</div>
<ol class="arabic">
<li><p class="first">realm-specific subsection of [realms]:</p>
<div class="highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">realms</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="n">EXAMPLE</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">COM</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">pkinit_anchors</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">FILE</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">usr</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">local</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">example</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">com</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">crt</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p class="first">generic value in the [kdcdefaults] section:</p>
<div class="highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">kdcdefaults</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="n">pkinit_anchors</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">DIR</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">usr</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">local</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">generic_trusted_cas</span><span class="o">/</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
<p>For information about the syntax of some of these options, see
<a class="reference internal" href="krb5_conf.html#pkinit-identity"><span class="std std-ref">Specifying PKINIT identity information</span></a> in
<a class="reference internal" href="krb5_conf.html#krb5-conf-5"><span class="std std-ref">krb5.conf</span></a>.</p>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt><strong>pkinit_anchors</strong></dt>
<dd>Specifies the location of trusted anchor (root) certificates which
the KDC trusts to sign client certificates. This option is
required if pkinit is to be supported by the KDC. This option may
be specified multiple times.</dd>
<dt><strong>pkinit_dh_min_bits</strong></dt>
<dd>Specifies the minimum number of bits the KDC is willing to accept
for a client’s Diffie-Hellman key. The default is 2048.</dd>
<dt><strong>pkinit_allow_upn</strong></dt>
<dd><p class="first">Specifies that the KDC is willing to accept client certificates
with the Microsoft UserPrincipalName (UPN) Subject Alternative
Name (SAN). This means the KDC accepts the binding of the UPN in
the certificate to the Kerberos principal name. The default value
is false.</p>
<p class="last">Without this option, the KDC will only accept certificates with
the id-pkinit-san as defined in <span class="target" id="index-0"></span><a class="rfc reference external" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4556.html"><strong>RFC 4556</strong></a>. There is currently
no option to disable SAN checking in the KDC.</p>
</dd>
<dt><strong>pkinit_eku_checking</strong></dt>
<dd><p class="first">This option specifies what Extended Key Usage (EKU) values the KDC
is willing to accept in client certificates. The values
recognized in the kdc.conf file are:</p>
<dl class="last docutils">
<dt><strong>kpClientAuth</strong></dt>
<dd>This is the default value and specifies that client
certificates must have the id-pkinit-KPClientAuth EKU as
defined in <span class="target" id="index-1"></span><a class="rfc reference external" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4556.html"><strong>RFC 4556</strong></a>.</dd>
<dt><strong>scLogin</strong></dt>
<dd>If scLogin is specified, client certificates with the
Microsoft Smart Card Login EKU (id-ms-kp-sc-logon) will be
accepted.</dd>
<dt><strong>none</strong></dt>
<dd>If none is specified, then client certificates will not be
checked to verify they have an acceptable EKU. The use of
this option is not recommended.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
<dt><strong>pkinit_identity</strong></dt>
<dd>Specifies the location of the KDC’s X.509 identity information.
This option is required if pkinit is to be supported by the KDC.</dd>
<dt><strong>pkinit_indicator</strong></dt>
<dd>Specifies an authentication indicator to include in the ticket if
pkinit is used to authenticate. This option may be specified
multiple times. (New in release 1.14.)</dd>
<dt><strong>pkinit_kdc_ocsp</strong></dt>
<dd>Specifies the location of the KDC’s OCSP.</dd>
<dt><strong>pkinit_pool</strong></dt>
<dd>Specifies the location of intermediate certificates which may be
used by the KDC to complete the trust chain between a client’s
certificate and a trusted anchor. This option may be specified
multiple times.</dd>
<dt><strong>pkinit_revoke</strong></dt>
<dd>Specifies the location of Certificate Revocation List (CRL)
information to be used by the KDC when verifying the validity of
client certificates. This option may be specified multiple times.</dd>
<dt><strong>pkinit_require_crl_checking</strong></dt>
<dd><p class="first">The default certificate verification process will always check the
available revocation information to see if a certificate has been
revoked. If a match is found for the certificate in a CRL,
verification fails. If the certificate being verified is not
listed in a CRL, or there is no CRL present for its issuing CA,
and <strong>pkinit_require_crl_checking</strong> is false, then verification
succeeds.</p>
<p>However, if <strong>pkinit_require_crl_checking</strong> is true and there is
no CRL information available for the issuing CA, then verification
fails.</p>
<p class="last"><strong>pkinit_require_crl_checking</strong> should be set to true if the
policy is such that up-to-date CRLs must be present for every CA.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="section" id="encryption-types">
<span id="id6"></span><h2>Encryption types<a class="headerlink" href="#encryption-types" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Any tag in the configuration files which requires a list of encryption
types can be set to some combination of the following strings.
Encryption types marked as “weak” are available for compatibility but
not recommended for use.</p>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="44%" />
<col width="56%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="row-odd"><td>des-cbc-crc</td>
<td>DES cbc mode with CRC-32 (weak)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>des-cbc-md4</td>
<td>DES cbc mode with RSA-MD4 (weak)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>des-cbc-md5</td>
<td>DES cbc mode with RSA-MD5 (weak)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>des-cbc-raw</td>
<td>DES cbc mode raw (weak)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>des3-cbc-raw</td>
<td>Triple DES cbc mode raw (weak)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>des3-cbc-sha1 des3-hmac-sha1 des3-cbc-sha1-kd</td>
<td>Triple DES cbc mode with HMAC/sha1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>des-hmac-sha1</td>
<td>DES with HMAC/sha1 (weak)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 aes256-cts aes256-sha1</td>
<td>AES-256 CTS mode with 96-bit SHA-1 HMAC</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>aes128-cts-hmac-sha1-96 aes128-cts aes128-sha1</td>
<td>AES-128 CTS mode with 96-bit SHA-1 HMAC</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>aes256-cts-hmac-sha384-192 aes256-sha2</td>
<td>AES-256 CTS mode with 192-bit SHA-384 HMAC</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>aes128-cts-hmac-sha256-128 aes128-sha2</td>
<td>AES-128 CTS mode with 128-bit SHA-256 HMAC</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>arcfour-hmac rc4-hmac arcfour-hmac-md5</td>
<td>RC4 with HMAC/MD5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>arcfour-hmac-exp rc4-hmac-exp arcfour-hmac-md5-exp</td>
<td>Exportable RC4 with HMAC/MD5 (weak)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>camellia256-cts-cmac camellia256-cts</td>
<td>Camellia-256 CTS mode with CMAC</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>camellia128-cts-cmac camellia128-cts</td>
<td>Camellia-128 CTS mode with CMAC</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>des</td>
<td>The DES family: des-cbc-crc, des-cbc-md5, and des-cbc-md4 (weak)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>des3</td>
<td>The triple DES family: des3-cbc-sha1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>aes</td>
<td>The AES family: aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 and aes128-cts-hmac-sha1-96</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>rc4</td>
<td>The RC4 family: arcfour-hmac</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>camellia</td>
<td>The Camellia family: camellia256-cts-cmac and camellia128-cts-cmac</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The string <strong>DEFAULT</strong> can be used to refer to the default set of
types for the variable in question. Types or families can be removed
from the current list by prefixing them with a minus sign (“-”).
Types or families can be prefixed with a plus sign (“+”) for symmetry;
it has the same meaning as just listing the type or family. For
example, “<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">DEFAULT</span> <span class="pre">-des</span></code>” would be the default set of encryption
types with DES types removed, and “<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">des3</span> <span class="pre">DEFAULT</span></code>” would be the
default set of encryption types with triple DES types moved to the
front.</p>
<p>While <strong>aes128-cts</strong> and <strong>aes256-cts</strong> are supported for all Kerberos
operations, they are not supported by very old versions of our GSSAPI
implementation (krb5-1.3.1 and earlier). Services running versions of
krb5 without AES support must not be given keys of these encryption
types in the KDC database.</p>
<p>The <strong>aes128-sha2</strong> and <strong>aes256-sha2</strong> encryption types are new in
release 1.15. Services running versions of krb5 without support for
these newer encryption types must not be given keys of these
encryption types in the KDC database.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="keysalt-lists">
<span id="id7"></span><h2>Keysalt lists<a class="headerlink" href="#keysalt-lists" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Kerberos keys for users are usually derived from passwords. Kerberos
commands and configuration parameters that affect generation of keys
take lists of enctype-salttype (“keysalt”) pairs, known as <em>keysalt
lists</em>. Each keysalt pair is an enctype name followed by a salttype
name, in the format <em>enc</em>:<em>salt</em>. Individual keysalt list members are
separated by comma (”,”) characters or space characters. For example:</p>
<div class="highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">kadmin</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">e</span> <span class="n">aes256</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">cts</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">normal</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">aes128</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">cts</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">normal</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>would start up kadmin so that by default it would generate
password-derived keys for the <strong>aes256-cts</strong> and <strong>aes128-cts</strong>
encryption types, using a <strong>normal</strong> salt.</p>
<p>To ensure that people who happen to pick the same password do not have
the same key, Kerberos 5 incorporates more information into the key
using something called a salt. The supported salt types are as
follows:</p>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="21%" />
<col width="79%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="row-odd"><td>normal</td>
<td>default for Kerberos Version 5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>v4</td>
<td>the only type used by Kerberos Version 4 (no salt)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>norealm</td>
<td>same as the default, without using realm information</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>onlyrealm</td>
<td>uses only realm information as the salt</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>afs3</td>
<td>AFS version 3, only used for compatibility with Kerberos 4 in AFS</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>special</td>
<td>generate a random salt</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="section" id="sample-kdc-conf-file">
<h2>Sample kdc.conf File<a class="headerlink" href="#sample-kdc-conf-file" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Here’s an example of a kdc.conf file:</p>
<div class="highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">kdcdefaults</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="n">kdc_listen</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">88</span>
<span class="n">kdc_tcp_listen</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">88</span>
<span class="p">[</span><span class="n">realms</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="n">ATHENA</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MIT</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">EDU</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">kadmind_port</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">749</span>
<span class="n">max_life</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">12</span><span class="n">h</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="n">m</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="n">s</span>
<span class="n">max_renewable_life</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">7</span><span class="n">d</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="n">h</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="n">m</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="n">s</span>
<span class="n">master_key_type</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">aes256</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">cts</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">hmac</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">sha1</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">96</span>
<span class="n">supported_enctypes</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">aes256</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">cts</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">hmac</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">sha1</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">96</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">normal</span> <span class="n">aes128</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">cts</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">hmac</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">sha1</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">96</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">normal</span>
<span class="n">database_module</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">openldap_ldapconf</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">[</span><span class="n">logging</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="n">kdc</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">FILE</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">usr</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">local</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">var</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">krb5kdc</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">kdc</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">log</span>
<span class="n">admin_server</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">FILE</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">usr</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">local</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">var</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">krb5kdc</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">kadmin</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">log</span>
<span class="p">[</span><span class="n">dbdefaults</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="n">ldap_kerberos_container_dn</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cn</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">krbcontainer</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">dc</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">mit</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">dc</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">edu</span>
<span class="p">[</span><span class="n">dbmodules</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="n">openldap_ldapconf</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">db_library</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">kldap</span>
<span class="n">disable_last_success</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">true</span>
<span class="n">ldap_kdc_dn</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"cn=krbadmin,dc=mit,dc=edu"</span>
<span class="c1"># this object needs to have read rights on</span>
<span class="c1"># the realm container and principal subtrees</span>
<span class="n">ldap_kadmind_dn</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"cn=krbadmin,dc=mit,dc=edu"</span>
<span class="c1"># this object needs to have read and write rights on</span>
<span class="c1"># the realm container and principal subtrees</span>
<span class="n">ldap_service_password_file</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="o">/</span><span class="n">etc</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">kerberos</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">service</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">keyfile</span>
<span class="n">ldap_servers</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ldaps</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="o">//</span><span class="n">kerberos</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mit</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">edu</span>
<span class="n">ldap_conns_per_server</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">5</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="files">
<h2>FILES<a class="headerlink" href="#files" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/var/lib</span></code><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/krb5kdc</span></code><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/kdc.conf</span></code></p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="see-also">
<h2>SEE ALSO<a class="headerlink" href="#see-also" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="krb5_conf.html#krb5-conf-5"><span class="std std-ref">krb5.conf</span></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../admin_commands/krb5kdc.html#krb5kdc-8"><span class="std std-ref">krb5kdc</span></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="kadm5_acl.html#kadm5-acl-5"><span class="std std-ref">kadm5.acl</span></a></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sidebar">
<h2>On this page</h2>
<ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">kdc.conf</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#structure">Structure</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#sections">Sections</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#kdcdefaults">[kdcdefaults]</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#realms">[realms]</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#dbdefaults">[dbdefaults]</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#dbmodules">[dbmodules]</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#logging">[logging]</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#otp">[otp]</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#pkinit-options">PKINIT options</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#encryption-types">Encryption types</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#keysalt-lists">Keysalt lists</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#sample-kdc-conf-file">Sample kdc.conf File</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#files">FILES</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#see-also">SEE ALSO</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<br/>
<h2>Table of contents</h2>
<ul class="current">
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../user/index.html">For users</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1 current"><a class="reference internal" href="../index.html">For administrators</a><ul class="current">
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../install.html">Installation guide</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2 current"><a class="reference internal" href="index.html">Configuration Files</a><ul class="current">
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="krb5_conf.html">krb5.conf</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3 current"><a class="current reference internal" href="#">kdc.conf</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="kadm5_acl.html">kadm5.acl</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../realm_config.html">Realm configuration decisions</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database.html">Database administration</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../lockout.html">Account lockout</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../conf_ldap.html">Configuring Kerberos with OpenLDAP back-end</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../appl_servers.html">Application servers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../host_config.html">Host configuration</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../backup_host.html">Backups of secure hosts</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../pkinit.html">PKINIT configuration</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../otp.html">OTP Preauthentication</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../princ_dns.html">Principal names and DNS</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../enctypes.html">Encryption types</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../https.html">HTTPS proxy configuration</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../auth_indicator.html">Authentication indicators</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../admin_commands/index.html">Administration programs</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../mitK5defaults.html">MIT Kerberos defaults</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../env_variables.html">Environment variables</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshoot.html">Troubleshooting</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../advanced/index.html">Advanced topics</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../various_envs.html">Various links</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../appdev/index.html">For application developers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../plugindev/index.html">For plugin module developers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../build/index.html">Building Kerberos V5</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../basic/index.html">Kerberos V5 concepts</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../formats/index.html">Protocols and file formats</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../mitK5features.html">MIT Kerberos features</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../build_this.html">How to build this documentation from the source</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../about.html">Contributing to the MIT Kerberos Documentation</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../resources.html">Resources</a></li>
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