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</pre><pre class="rust ">
<span class="comment">// Copyright 2013-2016 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT</span>
<span class="comment">// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at</span>
<span class="comment">// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.</span>
<span class="comment">//</span>
<span class="comment">// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or</span>
<span class="comment">// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license</span>
<span class="comment">// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your</span>
<span class="comment">// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed</span>
<span class="comment">// except according to those terms.</span>
<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">cmp</span>::<span class="ident">Ordering</span>;
<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="kw">super</span>::{<span class="ident">Chain</span>, <span class="ident">Cycle</span>, <span class="ident">Cloned</span>, <span class="ident">Enumerate</span>, <span class="ident">Filter</span>, <span class="ident">FilterMap</span>, <span class="ident">FlatMap</span>, <span class="ident">Fuse</span>};
<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="kw">super</span>::{<span class="ident">Inspect</span>, <span class="ident">Map</span>, <span class="ident">Peekable</span>, <span class="ident">Scan</span>, <span class="ident">Skip</span>, <span class="ident">SkipWhile</span>, <span class="ident">StepBy</span>, <span class="ident">Take</span>, <span class="ident">TakeWhile</span>, <span class="ident">Rev</span>};
<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="kw">super</span>::{<span class="ident">Zip</span>, <span class="ident">Sum</span>, <span class="ident">Product</span>};
<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="kw">super</span>::{<span class="ident">ChainState</span>, <span class="ident">FromIterator</span>, <span class="ident">ZipImpl</span>};
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">_assert_is_object_safe</span>(_: <span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="ident">Iterator</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">=</span>()<span class="op">></span>) {}
<span class="doccomment">/// An interface for dealing with iterators.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// This is the main iterator trait. For more about the concept of iterators</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// generally, please see the [module-level documentation]. In particular, you</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// may want to know how to [implement `Iterator`][impl].</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [module-level documentation]: index.html</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [impl]: index.html#implementing-iterator</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">rustc_on_unimplemented</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"`{Self}` is not an iterator; maybe try calling \
`.iter()` or a similar method"</span>]</span>
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">trait</span> <span class="ident">Iterator</span> {
<span class="doccomment">/// The type of the elements being iterated over.</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">type</span> <span class="ident">Item</span>;
<span class="doccomment">/// Advances the iterator and returns the next value.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Returns [`None`] when iteration is finished. Individual iterator</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// implementations may choose to resume iteration, and so calling `next()`</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// again may or may not eventually start returning [`Some(Item)`] again at some</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// point.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`None`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html#variant.None</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`Some(Item)`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html#variant.Some</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = a.iter();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // A call to next() returns the next value...</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(Some(&1), iter.next());</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(Some(&2), iter.next());</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(Some(&3), iter.next());</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // ... and then None once it's over.</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(None, iter.next());</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // More calls may or may not return None. Here, they always will.</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(None, iter.next());</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(None, iter.next());</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">next</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">></span>;
<span class="doccomment">/// Returns the bounds on the remaining length of the iterator.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Specifically, `size_hint()` returns a tuple where the first element</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// is the lower bound, and the second element is the upper bound.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// The second half of the tuple that is returned is an [`Option`]`<`[`usize`]`>`.</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// A [`None`] here means that either there is no known upper bound, or the</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// upper bound is larger than [`usize`].</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Implementation notes</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// It is not enforced that an iterator implementation yields the declared</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// number of elements. A buggy iterator may yield less than the lower bound</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// or more than the upper bound of elements.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `size_hint()` is primarily intended to be used for optimizations such as</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// reserving space for the elements of the iterator, but must not be</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// trusted to e.g. omit bounds checks in unsafe code. An incorrect</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// implementation of `size_hint()` should not lead to memory safety</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// violations.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// That said, the implementation should provide a correct estimation,</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// because otherwise it would be a violation of the trait's protocol.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// The default implementation returns `(0, None)` which is correct for any</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// iterator.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`usize`]: ../../std/primitive.usize.html</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`Option`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`None`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html#variant.None</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let iter = a.iter();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!((3, Some(3)), iter.size_hint());</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// A more complex example:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // The even numbers from zero to ten.</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let iter = (0..10).filter(|x| x % 2 == 0);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // We might iterate from zero to ten times. Knowing that it's five</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // exactly wouldn't be possible without executing filter().</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!((0, Some(10)), iter.size_hint());</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // Let's add five more numbers with chain()</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let iter = (0..10).filter(|x| x % 2 == 0).chain(15..20);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // now both bounds are increased by five</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!((5, Some(15)), iter.size_hint());</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Returning `None` for an upper bound:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // an infinite iterator has no upper bound</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // and the maximum possible lower bound</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let iter = 0..;</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!((usize::max_value(), None), iter.size_hint());</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">size_hint</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> (<span class="ident">usize</span>, <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">usize</span><span class="op">></span>) { (<span class="number">0</span>, <span class="prelude-val">None</span>) }
<span class="doccomment">/// Consumes the iterator, counting the number of iterations and returning it.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// This method will evaluate the iterator until its [`next`] returns</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`None`]. Once [`None`] is encountered, `count()` returns the number of</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// times it called [`next`].</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`next`]: #tymethod.next</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`None`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html#variant.None</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Overflow Behavior</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// The method does no guarding against overflows, so counting elements of</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// an iterator with more than [`usize::MAX`] elements either produces the</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// wrong result or panics. If debug assertions are enabled, a panic is</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// guaranteed.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Panics</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// This function might panic if the iterator has more than [`usize::MAX`]</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// elements.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`usize::MAX`]: ../../std/isize/constant.MAX.html</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(a.iter().count(), 3);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(a.iter().count(), 5);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">rustc_inherit_overflow_checks</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">count</span>(<span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">usize</span> <span class="kw">where</span> <span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span> {
<span class="comment">// Might overflow.</span>
<span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">fold</span>(<span class="number">0</span>, <span class="op">|</span><span class="ident">cnt</span>, _<span class="op">|</span> <span class="ident">cnt</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="number">1</span>)
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Consumes the iterator, returning the last element.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// This method will evaluate the iterator until it returns [`None`]. While</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// doing so, it keeps track of the current element. After [`None`] is</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// returned, `last()` will then return the last element it saw.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`None`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html#variant.None</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(a.iter().last(), Some(&3));</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(a.iter().last(), Some(&5));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">last</span>(<span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="kw">where</span> <span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span> {
<span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">last</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="prelude-val">None</span>;
<span class="kw">for</span> <span class="ident">x</span> <span class="kw">in</span> <span class="self">self</span> { <span class="ident">last</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">x</span>); }
<span class="ident">last</span>
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Returns the `n`th element of the iterator.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Like most indexing operations, the count starts from zero, so `nth(0)`</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// returns the first value, `nth(1)` the second, and so on.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Note that all preceding elements, as well as the returned element, will be</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// consumed from the iterator. That means that the preceding elements will be</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// discarded, and also that calling `nth(0)` multiple times on the same iterator</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// will return different elements.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `nth()` will return [`None`] if `n` is greater than or equal to the length of the</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// iterator.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`None`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html#variant.None</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(a.iter().nth(1), Some(&2));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Calling `nth()` multiple times doesn't rewind the iterator:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = a.iter();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.nth(1), Some(&2));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.nth(1), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Returning `None` if there are less than `n + 1` elements:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(a.iter().nth(10), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">nth</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">n</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">></span> {
<span class="kw">for</span> <span class="ident">x</span> <span class="kw">in</span> <span class="self">self</span> {
<span class="kw">if</span> <span class="ident">n</span> <span class="op">==</span> <span class="number">0</span> { <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">x</span>) }
<span class="ident">n</span> <span class="op">-=</span> <span class="number">1</span>;
}
<span class="prelude-val">None</span>
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Creates an iterator starting at the same point, but stepping by</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// the given amount at each iteration.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Note that it will always return the first element of the range,</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// regardless of the step given.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Panics</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// The method will panic if the given step is `0`.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// #![feature(iterator_step_by)]</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5];</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = a.into_iter().step_by(2);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&0));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&2));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&4));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">unstable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"iterator_step_by"</span>,
<span class="ident">reason</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"unstable replacement of Range::step_by"</span>,
<span class="ident">issue</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"27741"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">step_by</span>(<span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">step</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">StepBy</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="kw">where</span> <span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span> {
<span class="macro">assert</span><span class="macro">!</span>(<span class="ident">step</span> <span class="op">!=</span> <span class="number">0</span>);
<span class="ident">StepBy</span>{<span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">step</span>: <span class="ident">step</span> <span class="op">-</span> <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="ident">first_take</span>: <span class="bool-val">true</span>}
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Takes two iterators and creates a new iterator over both in sequence.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `chain()` will return a new iterator which will first iterate over</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// values from the first iterator and then over values from the second</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// iterator.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// In other words, it links two iterators together, in a chain. 🔗</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a1 = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a2 = [4, 5, 6];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = a1.iter().chain(a2.iter());</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&1));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&2));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&3));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&4));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&5));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&6));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Since the argument to `chain()` uses [`IntoIterator`], we can pass</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// anything that can be converted into an [`Iterator`], not just an</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`Iterator`] itself. For example, slices (`&[T]`) implement</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`IntoIterator`], and so can be passed to `chain()` directly:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`IntoIterator`]: trait.IntoIterator.html</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`Iterator`]: trait.Iterator.html</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let s1 = &[1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let s2 = &[4, 5, 6];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = s1.iter().chain(s2);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&1));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&2));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&3));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&4));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&5));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&6));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">chain</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">U</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">other</span>: <span class="ident">U</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">Chain</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span>, <span class="ident">U</span>::<span class="ident">IntoIter</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="kw">where</span>
<span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>, <span class="ident">U</span>: <span class="ident">IntoIterator</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">></span>,
{
<span class="ident">Chain</span>{<span class="ident">a</span>: <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">b</span>: <span class="ident">other</span>.<span class="ident">into_iter</span>(), <span class="ident">state</span>: <span class="ident">ChainState</span>::<span class="ident">Both</span>}
}
<span class="doccomment">/// 'Zips up' two iterators into a single iterator of pairs.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `zip()` returns a new iterator that will iterate over two other</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// iterators, returning a tuple where the first element comes from the</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// first iterator, and the second element comes from the second iterator.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// In other words, it zips two iterators together, into a single one.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// When either iterator returns [`None`], all further calls to [`next`]</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// will return [`None`].</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a1 = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a2 = [4, 5, 6];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = a1.iter().zip(a2.iter());</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some((&1, &4)));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some((&2, &5)));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some((&3, &6)));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Since the argument to `zip()` uses [`IntoIterator`], we can pass</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// anything that can be converted into an [`Iterator`], not just an</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`Iterator`] itself. For example, slices (`&[T]`) implement</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`IntoIterator`], and so can be passed to `zip()` directly:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`IntoIterator`]: trait.IntoIterator.html</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`Iterator`]: trait.Iterator.html</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let s1 = &[1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let s2 = &[4, 5, 6];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = s1.iter().zip(s2);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some((&1, &4)));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some((&2, &5)));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some((&3, &6)));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `zip()` is often used to zip an infinite iterator to a finite one.</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// This works because the finite iterator will eventually return [`None`],</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ending the zipper. Zipping with `(0..)` can look a lot like [`enumerate`]:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let enumerate: Vec<_> = "foo".chars().enumerate().collect();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let zipper: Vec<_> = (0..).zip("foo".chars()).collect();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!((0, 'f'), enumerate[0]);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!((0, 'f'), zipper[0]);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!((1, 'o'), enumerate[1]);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!((1, 'o'), zipper[1]);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!((2, 'o'), enumerate[2]);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!((2, 'o'), zipper[2]);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`enumerate`]: trait.Iterator.html#method.enumerate</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`next`]: ../../std/iter/trait.Iterator.html#tymethod.next</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`None`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html#variant.None</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">zip</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">U</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">other</span>: <span class="ident">U</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">Zip</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span>, <span class="ident">U</span>::<span class="ident">IntoIter</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="kw">where</span>
<span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>, <span class="ident">U</span>: <span class="ident">IntoIterator</span>
{
<span class="ident">Zip</span>::<span class="ident">new</span>(<span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">other</span>.<span class="ident">into_iter</span>())
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Takes a closure and creates an iterator which calls that closure on each</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// element.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `map()` transforms one iterator into another, by means of its argument:</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// something that implements `FnMut`. It produces a new iterator which</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// calls this closure on each element of the original iterator.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// If you are good at thinking in types, you can think of `map()` like this:</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// If you have an iterator that gives you elements of some type `A`, and</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// you want an iterator of some other type `B`, you can use `map()`,</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// passing a closure that takes an `A` and returns a `B`.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `map()` is conceptually similar to a [`for`] loop. However, as `map()` is</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// lazy, it is best used when you're already working with other iterators.</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// If you're doing some sort of looping for a side effect, it's considered</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// more idiomatic to use [`for`] than `map()`.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`for`]: ../../book/first-edition/loops.html#for</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = a.into_iter().map(|x| 2 * x);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(2));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(4));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(6));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// If you're doing some sort of side effect, prefer [`for`] to `map()`:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # #![allow(unused_must_use)]</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // don't do this:</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// (0..5).map(|x| println!("{}", x));</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // it won't even execute, as it is lazy. Rust will warn you about this.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // Instead, use for:</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// for x in 0..5 {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// println!("{}", x);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// }</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">map</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">B</span>, <span class="ident">F</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">f</span>: <span class="ident">F</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">Map</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span>, <span class="ident">F</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="kw">where</span>
<span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>, <span class="ident">F</span>: <span class="ident">FnMut</span>(<span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">B</span>,
{
<span class="ident">Map</span>{<span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">f</span>: <span class="ident">f</span>}
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Creates an iterator which uses a closure to determine if an element</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// should be yielded.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// The closure must return `true` or `false`. `filter()` creates an</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// iterator which calls this closure on each element. If the closure</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// returns `true`, then the element is returned. If the closure returns</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `false`, it will try again, and call the closure on the next element,</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// seeing if it passes the test.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [0i32, 1, 2];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = a.into_iter().filter(|x| x.is_positive());</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&1));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&2));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Because the closure passed to `filter()` takes a reference, and many</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// iterators iterate over references, this leads to a possibly confusing</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// situation, where the type of the closure is a double reference:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [0, 1, 2];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = a.into_iter().filter(|x| **x > 1); // need two *s!</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&2));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// It's common to instead use destructuring on the argument to strip away</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// one:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [0, 1, 2];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = a.into_iter().filter(|&x| *x > 1); // both & and *</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&2));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// or both:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [0, 1, 2];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = a.into_iter().filter(|&&x| x > 1); // two &s</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&2));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// of these layers.</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">filter</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">P</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">predicate</span>: <span class="ident">P</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">Filter</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span>, <span class="ident">P</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="kw">where</span>
<span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>, <span class="ident">P</span>: <span class="ident">FnMut</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">bool</span>,
{
<span class="ident">Filter</span>{<span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">predicate</span>: <span class="ident">predicate</span>}
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Creates an iterator that both filters and maps.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// The closure must return an [`Option<T>`]. `filter_map` creates an</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// iterator which calls this closure on each element. If the closure</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// returns [`Some(element)`][`Some`], then that element is returned. If the</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// closure returns [`None`], it will try again, and call the closure on the</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// next element, seeing if it will return [`Some`].</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Why `filter_map` and not just [`filter`].[`map`]? The key is in this</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// part:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`filter`]: #method.filter</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`map`]: #method.map</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// > If the closure returns [`Some(element)`][`Some`], then that element is returned.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// In other words, it removes the [`Option<T>`] layer automatically. If your</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// mapping is already returning an [`Option<T>`] and you want to skip over</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`None`]s, then `filter_map` is much, much nicer to use.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = ["1", "2", "lol"];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = a.iter().filter_map(|s| s.parse().ok());</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(1));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(2));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Here's the same example, but with [`filter`] and [`map`]:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = ["1", "2", "lol"];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = a.iter()</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// .map(|s| s.parse().ok())</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// .filter(|s| s.is_some());</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(Some(1)));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(Some(2)));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// There's an extra layer of [`Some`] in there.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`Option<T>`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`Some`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html#variant.Some</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`None`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html#variant.None</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">filter_map</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">B</span>, <span class="ident">F</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">f</span>: <span class="ident">F</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">FilterMap</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span>, <span class="ident">F</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="kw">where</span>
<span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>, <span class="ident">F</span>: <span class="ident">FnMut</span>(<span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">B</span><span class="op">></span>,
{
<span class="ident">FilterMap</span> { <span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">f</span>: <span class="ident">f</span> }
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Creates an iterator which gives the current iteration count as well as</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// the next value.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// The iterator returned yields pairs `(i, val)`, where `i` is the</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// current index of iteration and `val` is the value returned by the</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// iterator.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `enumerate()` keeps its count as a [`usize`]. If you want to count by a</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// different sized integer, the [`zip`] function provides similar</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// functionality.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Overflow Behavior</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// The method does no guarding against overflows, so enumerating more than</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`usize::MAX`] elements either produces the wrong result or panics. If</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// debug assertions are enabled, a panic is guaranteed.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Panics</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// The returned iterator might panic if the to-be-returned index would</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// overflow a [`usize`].</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`usize::MAX`]: ../../std/usize/constant.MAX.html</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`usize`]: ../../std/primitive.usize.html</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`zip`]: #method.zip</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = ['a', 'b', 'c'];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = a.iter().enumerate();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some((0, &'a')));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some((1, &'b')));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some((2, &'c')));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">enumerate</span>(<span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">Enumerate</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="kw">where</span> <span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span> {
<span class="ident">Enumerate</span> { <span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">count</span>: <span class="number">0</span> }
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Creates an iterator which can use `peek` to look at the next element of</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// the iterator without consuming it.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Adds a [`peek`] method to an iterator. See its documentation for</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// more information.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Note that the underlying iterator is still advanced when [`peek`] is</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// called for the first time: In order to retrieve the next element,</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`next`] is called on the underlying iterator, hence any side effects (i.e.</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// anything other than fetching the next value) of the [`next`] method</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// will occur.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`peek`]: struct.Peekable.html#method.peek</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`next`]: ../../std/iter/trait.Iterator.html#tymethod.next</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let xs = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = xs.iter().peekable();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // peek() lets us see into the future</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.peek(), Some(&&1));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&1));</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&2));</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // we can peek() multiple times, the iterator won't advance</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.peek(), Some(&&3));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.peek(), Some(&&3));</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&3));</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // after the iterator is finished, so is peek()</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.peek(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">peekable</span>(<span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">Peekable</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="kw">where</span> <span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span> {
<span class="ident">Peekable</span>{<span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">peeked</span>: <span class="prelude-val">None</span>}
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Creates an iterator that [`skip`]s elements based on a predicate.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`skip`]: #method.skip</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `skip_while()` takes a closure as an argument. It will call this</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// closure on each element of the iterator, and ignore elements</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// until it returns `false`.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// After `false` is returned, `skip_while()`'s job is over, and the</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// rest of the elements are yielded.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [-1i32, 0, 1];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = a.into_iter().skip_while(|x| x.is_negative());</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&0));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&1));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Because the closure passed to `skip_while()` takes a reference, and many</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// iterators iterate over references, this leads to a possibly confusing</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// situation, where the type of the closure is a double reference:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [-1, 0, 1];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = a.into_iter().skip_while(|x| **x < 0); // need two *s!</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&0));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&1));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Stopping after an initial `false`:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [-1, 0, 1, -2];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = a.into_iter().skip_while(|x| **x < 0);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&0));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&1));</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // while this would have been false, since we already got a false,</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // skip_while() isn't used any more</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&-2));</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">skip_while</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">P</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">predicate</span>: <span class="ident">P</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">SkipWhile</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span>, <span class="ident">P</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="kw">where</span>
<span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>, <span class="ident">P</span>: <span class="ident">FnMut</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">bool</span>,
{
<span class="ident">SkipWhile</span>{<span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">flag</span>: <span class="bool-val">false</span>, <span class="ident">predicate</span>: <span class="ident">predicate</span>}
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Creates an iterator that yields elements based on a predicate.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `take_while()` takes a closure as an argument. It will call this</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// closure on each element of the iterator, and yield elements</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// while it returns `true`.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// After `false` is returned, `take_while()`'s job is over, and the</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// rest of the elements are ignored.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [-1i32, 0, 1];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = a.into_iter().take_while(|x| x.is_negative());</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&-1));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Because the closure passed to `take_while()` takes a reference, and many</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// iterators iterate over references, this leads to a possibly confusing</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// situation, where the type of the closure is a double reference:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [-1, 0, 1];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = a.into_iter().take_while(|x| **x < 0); // need two *s!</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&-1));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Stopping after an initial `false`:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [-1, 0, 1, -2];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = a.into_iter().take_while(|x| **x < 0);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&-1));</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // We have more elements that are less than zero, but since we already</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // got a false, take_while() isn't used any more</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Because `take_while()` needs to look at the value in order to see if it</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// should be included or not, consuming iterators will see that it is</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// removed:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3, 4];</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = a.into_iter();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let result: Vec<i32> = iter.by_ref()</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// .take_while(|n| **n != 3)</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// .cloned()</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// .collect();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(result, &[1, 2]);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let result: Vec<i32> = iter.cloned().collect();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(result, &[4]);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// The `3` is no longer there, because it was consumed in order to see if</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// the iteration should stop, but wasn't placed back into the iterator or</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// some similar thing.</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">take_while</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">P</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">predicate</span>: <span class="ident">P</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">TakeWhile</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span>, <span class="ident">P</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="kw">where</span>
<span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>, <span class="ident">P</span>: <span class="ident">FnMut</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">bool</span>,
{
<span class="ident">TakeWhile</span>{<span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">flag</span>: <span class="bool-val">false</span>, <span class="ident">predicate</span>: <span class="ident">predicate</span>}
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Creates an iterator that skips the first `n` elements.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// After they have been consumed, the rest of the elements are yielded.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = a.iter().skip(2);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&3));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">skip</span>(<span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">n</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">Skip</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="kw">where</span> <span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span> {
<span class="ident">Skip</span>{<span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">n</span>: <span class="ident">n</span>}
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Creates an iterator that yields its first `n` elements.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = a.iter().take(2);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&1));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&2));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `take()` is often used with an infinite iterator, to make it finite:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = (0..).take(3);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(0));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(1));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(2));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">take</span>(<span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">n</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">Take</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="kw">where</span> <span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>, {
<span class="ident">Take</span>{<span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">n</span>: <span class="ident">n</span>}
}
<span class="doccomment">/// An iterator adaptor similar to [`fold`] that holds internal state and</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// produces a new iterator.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`fold`]: #method.fold</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `scan()` takes two arguments: an initial value which seeds the internal</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// state, and a closure with two arguments, the first being a mutable</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// reference to the internal state and the second an iterator element.</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// The closure can assign to the internal state to share state between</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// iterations.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// On iteration, the closure will be applied to each element of the</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// iterator and the return value from the closure, an [`Option`], is</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// yielded by the iterator.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`Option`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = a.iter().scan(1, |state, &x| {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // each iteration, we'll multiply the state by the element</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// *state = *state * x;</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // the value passed on to the next iteration</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Some(*state)</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// });</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(1));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(2));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(6));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">scan</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">St</span>, <span class="ident">B</span>, <span class="ident">F</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">initial_state</span>: <span class="ident">St</span>, <span class="ident">f</span>: <span class="ident">F</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">Scan</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span>, <span class="ident">St</span>, <span class="ident">F</span><span class="op">></span>
<span class="kw">where</span> <span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>, <span class="ident">F</span>: <span class="ident">FnMut</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">St</span>, <span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">B</span><span class="op">></span>,
{
<span class="ident">Scan</span>{<span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">f</span>: <span class="ident">f</span>, <span class="ident">state</span>: <span class="ident">initial_state</span>}
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Creates an iterator that works like map, but flattens nested structure.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// The [`map`] adapter is very useful, but only when the closure</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// argument produces values. If it produces an iterator instead, there's</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// an extra layer of indirection. `flat_map()` will remove this extra layer</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// on its own.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Another way of thinking about `flat_map()`: [`map`]'s closure returns</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// one item for each element, and `flat_map()`'s closure returns an</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// iterator for each element.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`map`]: #method.map</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let words = ["alpha", "beta", "gamma"];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // chars() returns an iterator</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let merged: String = words.iter()</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// .flat_map(|s| s.chars())</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// .collect();</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(merged, "alphabetagamma");</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">flat_map</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">U</span>, <span class="ident">F</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">f</span>: <span class="ident">F</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">FlatMap</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span>, <span class="ident">U</span>, <span class="ident">F</span><span class="op">></span>
<span class="kw">where</span> <span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>, <span class="ident">U</span>: <span class="ident">IntoIterator</span>, <span class="ident">F</span>: <span class="ident">FnMut</span>(<span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">U</span>,
{
<span class="ident">FlatMap</span>{<span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">f</span>: <span class="ident">f</span>, <span class="ident">frontiter</span>: <span class="prelude-val">None</span>, <span class="ident">backiter</span>: <span class="prelude-val">None</span> }
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Creates an iterator which ends after the first [`None`].</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// After an iterator returns [`None`], future calls may or may not yield</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`Some(T)`] again. `fuse()` adapts an iterator, ensuring that after a</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`None`] is given, it will always return [`None`] forever.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`None`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html#variant.None</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`Some(T)`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html#variant.Some</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // an iterator which alternates between Some and None</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// struct Alternate {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// state: i32,</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// }</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// impl Iterator for Alternate {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// type Item = i32;</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// fn next(&mut self) -> Option<i32> {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let val = self.state;</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// self.state = self.state + 1;</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // if it's even, Some(i32), else None</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// if val % 2 == 0 {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Some(val)</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// } else {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// None</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// }</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// }</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// }</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = Alternate { state: 0 };</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // we can see our iterator going back and forth</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(0));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(2));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // however, once we fuse it...</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = iter.fuse();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(4));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // it will always return None after the first time.</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">fuse</span>(<span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">Fuse</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="kw">where</span> <span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span> {
<span class="ident">Fuse</span>{<span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">done</span>: <span class="bool-val">false</span>}
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Do something with each element of an iterator, passing the value on.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// When using iterators, you'll often chain several of them together.</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// While working on such code, you might want to check out what's</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// happening at various parts in the pipeline. To do that, insert</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// a call to `inspect()`.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// It's much more common for `inspect()` to be used as a debugging tool</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// than to exist in your final code, but never say never.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 4, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // this iterator sequence is complex.</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let sum = a.iter()</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// .cloned()</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// .filter(|&x| x % 2 == 0)</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// .fold(0, |sum, i| sum + i);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// println!("{}", sum);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // let's add some inspect() calls to investigate what's happening</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let sum = a.iter()</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// .cloned()</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// .inspect(|x| println!("about to filter: {}", x))</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// .filter(|&x| x % 2 == 0)</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// .inspect(|x| println!("made it through filter: {}", x))</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// .fold(0, |sum, i| sum + i);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// println!("{}", sum);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// This will print:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```text</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// about to filter: 1</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// about to filter: 4</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// made it through filter: 4</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// about to filter: 2</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// made it through filter: 2</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// about to filter: 3</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// 6</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">inspect</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">F</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">f</span>: <span class="ident">F</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">Inspect</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span>, <span class="ident">F</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="kw">where</span>
<span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>, <span class="ident">F</span>: <span class="ident">FnMut</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>),
{
<span class="ident">Inspect</span>{<span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">f</span>: <span class="ident">f</span>}
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Borrows an iterator, rather than consuming it.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// This is useful to allow applying iterator adaptors while still</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// retaining ownership of the original iterator.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let iter = a.into_iter();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let sum: i32 = iter.take(5)</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// .fold(0, |acc, &i| acc + i );</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(sum, 6);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // if we try to use iter again, it won't work. The following line</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // gives "error: use of moved value: `iter`</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // let's try that again</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = a.into_iter();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // instead, we add in a .by_ref()</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let sum: i32 = iter.by_ref()</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// .take(2)</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// .fold(0, |acc, &i| acc + i );</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(sum, 3);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // now this is just fine:</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&3));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">by_ref</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="self">Self</span> <span class="kw">where</span> <span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span> { <span class="self">self</span> }
<span class="doccomment">/// Transforms an iterator into a collection.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `collect()` can take anything iterable, and turn it into a relevant</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// collection. This is one of the more powerful methods in the standard</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// library, used in a variety of contexts.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// The most basic pattern in which `collect()` is used is to turn one</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// collection into another. You take a collection, call [`iter`] on it,</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// do a bunch of transformations, and then `collect()` at the end.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// One of the keys to `collect()`'s power is that many things you might</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// not think of as 'collections' actually are. For example, a [`String`]</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// is a collection of [`char`]s. And a collection of</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`Result<T, E>`][`Result`] can be thought of as single</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`Result`]`<Collection<T>, E>`. See the examples below for more.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Because `collect()` is so general, it can cause problems with type</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// inference. As such, `collect()` is one of the few times you'll see</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// the syntax affectionately known as the 'turbofish': `::<>`. This</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// helps the inference algorithm understand specifically which collection</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// you're trying to collect into.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let doubled: Vec<i32> = a.iter()</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// .map(|&x| x * 2)</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// .collect();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(vec![2, 4, 6], doubled);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Note that we needed the `: Vec<i32>` on the left-hand side. This is because</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// we could collect into, for example, a [`VecDeque<T>`] instead:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`VecDeque<T>`]: ../../std/collections/struct.VecDeque.html</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// use std::collections::VecDeque;</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let doubled: VecDeque<i32> = a.iter()</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// .map(|&x| x * 2)</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// .collect();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(2, doubled[0]);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(4, doubled[1]);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(6, doubled[2]);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Using the 'turbofish' instead of annotating `doubled`:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let doubled = a.iter()</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// .map(|&x| x * 2)</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// .collect::<Vec<i32>>();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(vec![2, 4, 6], doubled);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Because `collect()` cares about what you're collecting into, you can</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// still use a partial type hint, `_`, with the turbofish:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let doubled = a.iter()</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// .map(|&x| x * 2)</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// .collect::<Vec<_>>();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(vec![2, 4, 6], doubled);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Using `collect()` to make a [`String`]:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let chars = ['g', 'd', 'k', 'k', 'n'];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let hello: String = chars.iter()</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// .map(|&x| x as u8)</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// .map(|x| (x + 1) as char)</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// .collect();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!("hello", hello);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// If you have a list of [`Result<T, E>`][`Result`]s, you can use `collect()` to</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// see if any of them failed:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let results = [Ok(1), Err("nope"), Ok(3), Err("bad")];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let result: Result<Vec<_>, &str> = results.iter().cloned().collect();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // gives us the first error</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(Err("nope"), result);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let results = [Ok(1), Ok(3)];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let result: Result<Vec<_>, &str> = results.iter().cloned().collect();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // gives us the list of answers</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(Ok(vec![1, 3]), result);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`iter`]: ../../std/iter/trait.Iterator.html#tymethod.next</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`String`]: ../../std/string/struct.String.html</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`char`]: ../../std/primitive.char.html</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`Result`]: ../../std/result/enum.Result.html</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">collect</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">B</span>: <span class="ident">FromIterator</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">>></span>(<span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">B</span> <span class="kw">where</span> <span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span> {
<span class="ident">FromIterator</span>::<span class="ident">from_iter</span>(<span class="self">self</span>)
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Consumes an iterator, creating two collections from it.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// The predicate passed to `partition()` can return `true`, or `false`.</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `partition()` returns a pair, all of the elements for which it returned</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `true`, and all of the elements for which it returned `false`.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let (even, odd): (Vec<i32>, Vec<i32>) = a.into_iter()</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// .partition(|&n| n % 2 == 0);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(even, vec![2]);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(odd, vec![1, 3]);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">partition</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">B</span>, <span class="ident">F</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">f</span>: <span class="ident">F</span>) <span class="op">-></span> (<span class="ident">B</span>, <span class="ident">B</span>) <span class="kw">where</span>
<span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>,
<span class="ident">B</span>: <span class="ident">Default</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="ident">Extend</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">></span>,
<span class="ident">F</span>: <span class="ident">FnMut</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">bool</span>
{
<span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">left</span>: <span class="ident">B</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">Default</span>::<span class="ident">default</span>();
<span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">right</span>: <span class="ident">B</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">Default</span>::<span class="ident">default</span>();
<span class="kw">for</span> <span class="ident">x</span> <span class="kw">in</span> <span class="self">self</span> {
<span class="kw">if</span> <span class="ident">f</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="ident">x</span>) {
<span class="ident">left</span>.<span class="ident">extend</span>(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">x</span>))
} <span class="kw">else</span> {
<span class="ident">right</span>.<span class="ident">extend</span>(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">x</span>))
}
}
(<span class="ident">left</span>, <span class="ident">right</span>)
}
<span class="doccomment">/// An iterator adaptor that applies a function, producing a single, final value.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `fold()` takes two arguments: an initial value, and a closure with two</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// arguments: an 'accumulator', and an element. The closure returns the value that</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// the accumulator should have for the next iteration.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// The initial value is the value the accumulator will have on the first</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// call.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// After applying this closure to every element of the iterator, `fold()`</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// returns the accumulator.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// This operation is sometimes called 'reduce' or 'inject'.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Folding is useful whenever you have a collection of something, and want</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// to produce a single value from it.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // the sum of all of the elements of a</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let sum = a.iter()</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// .fold(0, |acc, &x| acc + x);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(sum, 6);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Let's walk through each step of the iteration here:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// | element | acc | x | result |</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// |---------|-----|---|--------|</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// | | 0 | | |</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 |</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// | 3 | 3 | 3 | 6 |</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// And so, our final result, `6`.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// It's common for people who haven't used iterators a lot to</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// use a `for` loop with a list of things to build up a result. Those</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// can be turned into `fold()`s:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`for`]: ../../book/first-edition/loops.html#for</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut result = 0;</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // for loop:</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// for i in &numbers {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// result = result + i;</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// }</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // fold:</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let result2 = numbers.iter().fold(0, |acc, &x| acc + x);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // they're the same</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(result, result2);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">fold</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">B</span>, <span class="ident">F</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">init</span>: <span class="ident">B</span>, <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">f</span>: <span class="ident">F</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">B</span> <span class="kw">where</span>
<span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>, <span class="ident">F</span>: <span class="ident">FnMut</span>(<span class="ident">B</span>, <span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">B</span>,
{
<span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">accum</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">init</span>;
<span class="kw">for</span> <span class="ident">x</span> <span class="kw">in</span> <span class="self">self</span> {
<span class="ident">accum</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">f</span>(<span class="ident">accum</span>, <span class="ident">x</span>);
}
<span class="ident">accum</span>
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Tests if every element of the iterator matches a predicate.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `all()` takes a closure that returns `true` or `false`. It applies</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// this closure to each element of the iterator, and if they all return</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `true`, then so does `all()`. If any of them return `false`, it</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// returns `false`.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `all()` is short-circuiting; in other words, it will stop processing</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// as soon as it finds a `false`, given that no matter what else happens,</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// the result will also be `false`.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// An empty iterator returns `true`.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert!(a.iter().all(|&x| x > 0));</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert!(!a.iter().all(|&x| x > 2));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Stopping at the first `false`:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = a.iter();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert!(!iter.all(|&x| x != 2));</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // we can still use `iter`, as there are more elements.</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&3));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">all</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">F</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">f</span>: <span class="ident">F</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">bool</span> <span class="kw">where</span>
<span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>, <span class="ident">F</span>: <span class="ident">FnMut</span>(<span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">bool</span>
{
<span class="kw">for</span> <span class="ident">x</span> <span class="kw">in</span> <span class="self">self</span> {
<span class="kw">if</span> <span class="op">!</span><span class="ident">f</span>(<span class="ident">x</span>) {
<span class="kw">return</span> <span class="bool-val">false</span>;
}
}
<span class="bool-val">true</span>
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Tests if any element of the iterator matches a predicate.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `any()` takes a closure that returns `true` or `false`. It applies</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// this closure to each element of the iterator, and if any of them return</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `true`, then so does `any()`. If they all return `false`, it</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// returns `false`.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `any()` is short-circuiting; in other words, it will stop processing</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// as soon as it finds a `true`, given that no matter what else happens,</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// the result will also be `true`.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// An empty iterator returns `false`.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert!(a.iter().any(|&x| x > 0));</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert!(!a.iter().any(|&x| x > 5));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Stopping at the first `true`:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = a.iter();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert!(iter.any(|&x| x != 2));</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // we can still use `iter`, as there are more elements.</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&2));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">any</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">F</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">f</span>: <span class="ident">F</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">bool</span> <span class="kw">where</span>
<span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>,
<span class="ident">F</span>: <span class="ident">FnMut</span>(<span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">bool</span>
{
<span class="kw">for</span> <span class="ident">x</span> <span class="kw">in</span> <span class="self">self</span> {
<span class="kw">if</span> <span class="ident">f</span>(<span class="ident">x</span>) {
<span class="kw">return</span> <span class="bool-val">true</span>;
}
}
<span class="bool-val">false</span>
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Searches for an element of an iterator that satisfies a predicate.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `find()` takes a closure that returns `true` or `false`. It applies</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// this closure to each element of the iterator, and if any of them return</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `true`, then `find()` returns [`Some(element)`]. If they all return</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `false`, it returns [`None`].</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `find()` is short-circuiting; in other words, it will stop processing</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// as soon as the closure returns `true`.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Because `find()` takes a reference, and many iterators iterate over</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// references, this leads to a possibly confusing situation where the</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// argument is a double reference. You can see this effect in the</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// examples below, with `&&x`.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`Some(element)`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html#variant.Some</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`None`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html#variant.None</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(a.iter().find(|&&x| x == 2), Some(&2));</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(a.iter().find(|&&x| x == 5), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Stopping at the first `true`:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = a.iter();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.find(|&&x| x == 2), Some(&2));</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // we can still use `iter`, as there are more elements.</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&3));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">find</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">P</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">predicate</span>: <span class="ident">P</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="kw">where</span>
<span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>,
<span class="ident">P</span>: <span class="ident">FnMut</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">bool</span>,
{
<span class="kw">for</span> <span class="ident">x</span> <span class="kw">in</span> <span class="self">self</span> {
<span class="kw">if</span> <span class="ident">predicate</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="ident">x</span>) { <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">x</span>) }
}
<span class="prelude-val">None</span>
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Searches for an element in an iterator, returning its index.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `position()` takes a closure that returns `true` or `false`. It applies</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// this closure to each element of the iterator, and if one of them</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// returns `true`, then `position()` returns [`Some(index)`]. If all of</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// them return `false`, it returns [`None`].</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `position()` is short-circuiting; in other words, it will stop</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// processing as soon as it finds a `true`.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Overflow Behavior</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// The method does no guarding against overflows, so if there are more</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// than [`usize::MAX`] non-matching elements, it either produces the wrong</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// result or panics. If debug assertions are enabled, a panic is</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// guaranteed.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Panics</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// This function might panic if the iterator has more than `usize::MAX`</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// non-matching elements.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`Some(index)`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html#variant.Some</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`None`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html#variant.None</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`usize::MAX`]: ../../std/usize/constant.MAX.html</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(a.iter().position(|&x| x == 2), Some(1));</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(a.iter().position(|&x| x == 5), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Stopping at the first `true`:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3, 4];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = a.iter();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.position(|&x| x >= 2), Some(1));</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // we can still use `iter`, as there are more elements.</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&3));</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // The returned index depends on iterator state</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.position(|&x| x == 4), Some(0));</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">position</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">P</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">predicate</span>: <span class="ident">P</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">usize</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="kw">where</span>
<span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>,
<span class="ident">P</span>: <span class="ident">FnMut</span>(<span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">bool</span>,
{
<span class="comment">// `enumerate` might overflow.</span>
<span class="kw">for</span> (<span class="ident">i</span>, <span class="ident">x</span>) <span class="kw">in</span> <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">enumerate</span>() {
<span class="kw">if</span> <span class="ident">predicate</span>(<span class="ident">x</span>) {
<span class="kw">return</span> <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">i</span>);
}
}
<span class="prelude-val">None</span>
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Searches for an element in an iterator from the right, returning its</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// index.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `rposition()` takes a closure that returns `true` or `false`. It applies</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// this closure to each element of the iterator, starting from the end,</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// and if one of them returns `true`, then `rposition()` returns</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`Some(index)`]. If all of them return `false`, it returns [`None`].</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `rposition()` is short-circuiting; in other words, it will stop</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// processing as soon as it finds a `true`.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`Some(index)`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html#variant.Some</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`None`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html#variant.None</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(a.iter().rposition(|&x| x == 3), Some(2));</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(a.iter().rposition(|&x| x == 5), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Stopping at the first `true`:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = a.iter();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.rposition(|&x| x == 2), Some(1));</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // we can still use `iter`, as there are more elements.</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&1));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">rposition</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">P</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">predicate</span>: <span class="ident">P</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">usize</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="kw">where</span>
<span class="ident">P</span>: <span class="ident">FnMut</span>(<span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">bool</span>,
<span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="ident">ExactSizeIterator</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="ident">DoubleEndedIterator</span>
{
<span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">i</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">len</span>();
<span class="kw">while</span> <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">v</span>) <span class="op">=</span> <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">next_back</span>() {
<span class="comment">// No need for an overflow check here, because `ExactSizeIterator`</span>
<span class="comment">// implies that the number of elements fits into a `usize`.</span>
<span class="ident">i</span> <span class="op">-=</span> <span class="number">1</span>;
<span class="kw">if</span> <span class="ident">predicate</span>(<span class="ident">v</span>) {
<span class="kw">return</span> <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">i</span>);
}
}
<span class="prelude-val">None</span>
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Returns the maximum element of an iterator.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// If several elements are equally maximum, the last element is</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// returned. If the iterator is empty, [`None`] is returned.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`None`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html#variant.None</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let b: Vec<u32> = Vec::new();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(a.iter().max(), Some(&3));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(b.iter().max(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">max</span>(<span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="kw">where</span> <span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>, <span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>: <span class="ident">Ord</span>
{
<span class="ident">select_fold1</span>(<span class="self">self</span>,
<span class="op">|</span>_<span class="op">|</span> (),
<span class="comment">// switch to y even if it is only equal, to preserve</span>
<span class="comment">// stability.</span>
<span class="op">|</span>_, <span class="ident">x</span>, _, <span class="ident">y</span><span class="op">|</span> <span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="ident">x</span> <span class="op"><=</span> <span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="ident">y</span>)
.<span class="ident">map</span>(<span class="op">|</span>(_, <span class="ident">x</span>)<span class="op">|</span> <span class="ident">x</span>)
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Returns the minimum element of an iterator.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// If several elements are equally minimum, the first element is</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// returned. If the iterator is empty, [`None`] is returned.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`None`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html#variant.None</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let b: Vec<u32> = Vec::new();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(a.iter().min(), Some(&1));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(b.iter().min(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">min</span>(<span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="kw">where</span> <span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>, <span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>: <span class="ident">Ord</span>
{
<span class="ident">select_fold1</span>(<span class="self">self</span>,
<span class="op">|</span>_<span class="op">|</span> (),
<span class="comment">// only switch to y if it is strictly smaller, to</span>
<span class="comment">// preserve stability.</span>
<span class="op">|</span>_, <span class="ident">x</span>, _, <span class="ident">y</span><span class="op">|</span> <span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="ident">x</span> <span class="op">></span> <span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="ident">y</span>)
.<span class="ident">map</span>(<span class="op">|</span>(_, <span class="ident">x</span>)<span class="op">|</span> <span class="ident">x</span>)
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Returns the element that gives the maximum value from the</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// specified function.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// If several elements are equally maximum, the last element is</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// returned. If the iterator is empty, [`None`] is returned.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`None`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html#variant.None</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [-3_i32, 0, 1, 5, -10];</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(*a.iter().max_by_key(|x| x.abs()).unwrap(), -10);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"iter_cmp_by_key"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.6.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">max_by_key</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">B</span>: <span class="ident">Ord</span>, <span class="ident">F</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">f</span>: <span class="ident">F</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">></span>
<span class="kw">where</span> <span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>, <span class="ident">F</span>: <span class="ident">FnMut</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">B</span>,
{
<span class="ident">select_fold1</span>(<span class="self">self</span>,
<span class="ident">f</span>,
<span class="comment">// switch to y even if it is only equal, to preserve</span>
<span class="comment">// stability.</span>
<span class="op">|</span><span class="ident">x_p</span>, _, <span class="ident">y_p</span>, _<span class="op">|</span> <span class="ident">x_p</span> <span class="op"><=</span> <span class="ident">y_p</span>)
.<span class="ident">map</span>(<span class="op">|</span>(_, <span class="ident">x</span>)<span class="op">|</span> <span class="ident">x</span>)
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Returns the element that gives the maximum value with respect to the</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// specified comparison function.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// If several elements are equally maximum, the last element is</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// returned. If the iterator is empty, [`None`] is returned.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`None`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html#variant.None</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [-3_i32, 0, 1, 5, -10];</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(*a.iter().max_by(|x, y| x.cmp(y)).unwrap(), 5);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"iter_max_by"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.15.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">max_by</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">F</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">compare</span>: <span class="ident">F</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">></span>
<span class="kw">where</span> <span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>, <span class="ident">F</span>: <span class="ident">FnMut</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>, <span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">Ordering</span>,
{
<span class="ident">select_fold1</span>(<span class="self">self</span>,
<span class="op">|</span>_<span class="op">|</span> (),
<span class="comment">// switch to y even if it is only equal, to preserve</span>
<span class="comment">// stability.</span>
<span class="op">|</span>_, <span class="ident">x</span>, _, <span class="ident">y</span><span class="op">|</span> <span class="ident">Ordering</span>::<span class="ident">Greater</span> <span class="op">!=</span> <span class="ident">compare</span>(<span class="ident">x</span>, <span class="ident">y</span>))
.<span class="ident">map</span>(<span class="op">|</span>(_, <span class="ident">x</span>)<span class="op">|</span> <span class="ident">x</span>)
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Returns the element that gives the minimum value from the</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// specified function.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// If several elements are equally minimum, the first element is</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// returned. If the iterator is empty, [`None`] is returned.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`None`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html#variant.None</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [-3_i32, 0, 1, 5, -10];</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(*a.iter().min_by_key(|x| x.abs()).unwrap(), 0);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"iter_cmp_by_key"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.6.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">min_by_key</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">B</span>: <span class="ident">Ord</span>, <span class="ident">F</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">f</span>: <span class="ident">F</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">></span>
<span class="kw">where</span> <span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>, <span class="ident">F</span>: <span class="ident">FnMut</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">B</span>,
{
<span class="ident">select_fold1</span>(<span class="self">self</span>,
<span class="ident">f</span>,
<span class="comment">// only switch to y if it is strictly smaller, to</span>
<span class="comment">// preserve stability.</span>
<span class="op">|</span><span class="ident">x_p</span>, _, <span class="ident">y_p</span>, _<span class="op">|</span> <span class="ident">x_p</span> <span class="op">></span> <span class="ident">y_p</span>)
.<span class="ident">map</span>(<span class="op">|</span>(_, <span class="ident">x</span>)<span class="op">|</span> <span class="ident">x</span>)
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Returns the element that gives the minimum value with respect to the</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// specified comparison function.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// If several elements are equally minimum, the first element is</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// returned. If the iterator is empty, [`None`] is returned.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`None`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html#variant.None</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [-3_i32, 0, 1, 5, -10];</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(*a.iter().min_by(|x, y| x.cmp(y)).unwrap(), -10);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"iter_min_by"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.15.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">min_by</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">F</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">compare</span>: <span class="ident">F</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">></span>
<span class="kw">where</span> <span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>, <span class="ident">F</span>: <span class="ident">FnMut</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>, <span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">Ordering</span>,
{
<span class="ident">select_fold1</span>(<span class="self">self</span>,
<span class="op">|</span>_<span class="op">|</span> (),
<span class="comment">// switch to y even if it is strictly smaller, to</span>
<span class="comment">// preserve stability.</span>
<span class="op">|</span>_, <span class="ident">x</span>, _, <span class="ident">y</span><span class="op">|</span> <span class="ident">Ordering</span>::<span class="ident">Greater</span> <span class="op">==</span> <span class="ident">compare</span>(<span class="ident">x</span>, <span class="ident">y</span>))
.<span class="ident">map</span>(<span class="op">|</span>(_, <span class="ident">x</span>)<span class="op">|</span> <span class="ident">x</span>)
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Reverses an iterator's direction.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Usually, iterators iterate from left to right. After using `rev()`,</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// an iterator will instead iterate from right to left.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// This is only possible if the iterator has an end, so `rev()` only</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// works on [`DoubleEndedIterator`]s.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`DoubleEndedIterator`]: trait.DoubleEndedIterator.html</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = a.iter().rev();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&3));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&2));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&1));</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">rev</span>(<span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">Rev</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="kw">where</span> <span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="ident">DoubleEndedIterator</span> {
<span class="ident">Rev</span>{<span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="self">self</span>}
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Converts an iterator of pairs into a pair of containers.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `unzip()` consumes an entire iterator of pairs, producing two</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// collections: one from the left elements of the pairs, and one</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// from the right elements.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// This function is, in some sense, the opposite of [`zip`].</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`zip`]: #method.zip</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [(1, 2), (3, 4)];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let (left, right): (Vec<_>, Vec<_>) = a.iter().cloned().unzip();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(left, [1, 3]);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(right, [2, 4]);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">unzip</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">A</span>, <span class="ident">B</span>, <span class="ident">FromA</span>, <span class="ident">FromB</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> (<span class="ident">FromA</span>, <span class="ident">FromB</span>) <span class="kw">where</span>
<span class="ident">FromA</span>: <span class="ident">Default</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="ident">Extend</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">A</span><span class="op">></span>,
<span class="ident">FromB</span>: <span class="ident">Default</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="ident">Extend</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">B</span><span class="op">></span>,
<span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="ident">Iterator</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">=</span>(<span class="ident">A</span>, <span class="ident">B</span>)<span class="op">></span>,
{
<span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">ts</span>: <span class="ident">FromA</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">Default</span>::<span class="ident">default</span>();
<span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">us</span>: <span class="ident">FromB</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">Default</span>::<span class="ident">default</span>();
<span class="kw">for</span> (<span class="ident">t</span>, <span class="ident">u</span>) <span class="kw">in</span> <span class="self">self</span> {
<span class="ident">ts</span>.<span class="ident">extend</span>(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">t</span>));
<span class="ident">us</span>.<span class="ident">extend</span>(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">u</span>));
}
(<span class="ident">ts</span>, <span class="ident">us</span>)
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Creates an iterator which [`clone`]s all of its elements.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// This is useful when you have an iterator over `&T`, but you need an</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// iterator over `T`.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`clone`]: ../../std/clone/trait.Clone.html#tymethod.clone</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let v_cloned: Vec<_> = a.iter().cloned().collect();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // cloned is the same as .map(|&x| x), for integers</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let v_map: Vec<_> = a.iter().map(|&x| x).collect();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(v_cloned, vec![1, 2, 3]);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(v_map, vec![1, 2, 3]);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">cloned</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="lifetime">'a</span>, <span class="ident">T</span>: <span class="lifetime">'a</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">Cloned</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span><span class="op">></span>
<span class="kw">where</span> <span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="ident">Iterator</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="lifetime">'a</span> <span class="ident">T</span><span class="op">></span>, <span class="ident">T</span>: <span class="ident">Clone</span>
{
<span class="ident">Cloned</span> { <span class="ident">it</span>: <span class="self">self</span> }
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Repeats an iterator endlessly.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Instead of stopping at [`None`], the iterator will instead start again,</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// from the beginning. After iterating again, it will start at the</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// beginning again. And again. And again. Forever.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`None`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html#variant.None</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut it = a.iter().cycle();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(it.next(), Some(&1));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(it.next(), Some(&2));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(it.next(), Some(&3));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(it.next(), Some(&1));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(it.next(), Some(&2));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(it.next(), Some(&3));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(it.next(), Some(&1));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">cycle</span>(<span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">Cycle</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="kw">where</span> <span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="ident">Clone</span> {
<span class="ident">Cycle</span>{<span class="ident">orig</span>: <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">clone</span>(), <span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="self">self</span>}
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Sums the elements of an iterator.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Takes each element, adds them together, and returns the result.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// An empty iterator returns the zero value of the type.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Panics</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// When calling `sum()` and a primitive integer type is being returned, this</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// method will panic if the computation overflows and debug assertions are</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// enabled.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let sum: i32 = a.iter().sum();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(sum, 6);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"iter_arith"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.11.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">sum</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">S</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">S</span>
<span class="kw">where</span> <span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>,
<span class="ident">S</span>: <span class="ident">Sum</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">></span>,
{
<span class="ident">Sum</span>::<span class="ident">sum</span>(<span class="self">self</span>)
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Iterates over the entire iterator, multiplying all the elements</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// An empty iterator returns the one value of the type.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Panics</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// When calling `product()` and a primitive integer type is being returned,</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// method will panic if the computation overflows and debug assertions are</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// enabled.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// fn factorial(n: u32) -> u32 {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// (1..).take_while(|&i| i <= n).product()</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// }</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(factorial(0), 1);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(factorial(1), 1);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(factorial(5), 120);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"iter_arith"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.11.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">product</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">P</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">P</span>
<span class="kw">where</span> <span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>,
<span class="ident">P</span>: <span class="ident">Product</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">></span>,
{
<span class="ident">Product</span>::<span class="ident">product</span>(<span class="self">self</span>)
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Lexicographically compares the elements of this `Iterator` with those</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// of another.</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"iter_order"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.5.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">cmp</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">other</span>: <span class="ident">I</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">Ordering</span> <span class="kw">where</span>
<span class="ident">I</span>: <span class="ident">IntoIterator</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">Item</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">></span>,
<span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>: <span class="ident">Ord</span>,
<span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>,
{
<span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">other</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">other</span>.<span class="ident">into_iter</span>();
<span class="kw">loop</span> {
<span class="kw">match</span> (<span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">next</span>(), <span class="ident">other</span>.<span class="ident">next</span>()) {
(<span class="prelude-val">None</span>, <span class="prelude-val">None</span>) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="ident">Ordering</span>::<span class="ident">Equal</span>,
(<span class="prelude-val">None</span>, _ ) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="ident">Ordering</span>::<span class="ident">Less</span>,
(_ , <span class="prelude-val">None</span>) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="ident">Ordering</span>::<span class="ident">Greater</span>,
(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">x</span>), <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">y</span>)) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">match</span> <span class="ident">x</span>.<span class="ident">cmp</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="ident">y</span>) {
<span class="ident">Ordering</span>::<span class="ident">Equal</span> <span class="op">=></span> (),
<span class="ident">non_eq</span> <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="ident">non_eq</span>,
},
}
}
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Lexicographically compares the elements of this `Iterator` with those</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// of another.</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"iter_order"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.5.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">partial_cmp</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">other</span>: <span class="ident">I</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">Ordering</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="kw">where</span>
<span class="ident">I</span>: <span class="ident">IntoIterator</span>,
<span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>: <span class="ident">PartialOrd</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">></span>,
<span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>,
{
<span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">other</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">other</span>.<span class="ident">into_iter</span>();
<span class="kw">loop</span> {
<span class="kw">match</span> (<span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">next</span>(), <span class="ident">other</span>.<span class="ident">next</span>()) {
(<span class="prelude-val">None</span>, <span class="prelude-val">None</span>) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">Ordering</span>::<span class="ident">Equal</span>),
(<span class="prelude-val">None</span>, _ ) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">Ordering</span>::<span class="ident">Less</span>),
(_ , <span class="prelude-val">None</span>) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">Ordering</span>::<span class="ident">Greater</span>),
(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">x</span>), <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">y</span>)) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">match</span> <span class="ident">x</span>.<span class="ident">partial_cmp</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="ident">y</span>) {
<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">Ordering</span>::<span class="ident">Equal</span>) <span class="op">=></span> (),
<span class="ident">non_eq</span> <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="ident">non_eq</span>,
},
}
}
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Determines if the elements of this `Iterator` are equal to those of</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// another.</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"iter_order"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.5.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">eq</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">other</span>: <span class="ident">I</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">bool</span> <span class="kw">where</span>
<span class="ident">I</span>: <span class="ident">IntoIterator</span>,
<span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>: <span class="ident">PartialEq</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">></span>,
<span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>,
{
<span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">other</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">other</span>.<span class="ident">into_iter</span>();
<span class="kw">loop</span> {
<span class="kw">match</span> (<span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">next</span>(), <span class="ident">other</span>.<span class="ident">next</span>()) {
(<span class="prelude-val">None</span>, <span class="prelude-val">None</span>) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="bool-val">true</span>,
(<span class="prelude-val">None</span>, _) <span class="op">|</span> (_, <span class="prelude-val">None</span>) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="bool-val">false</span>,
(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">x</span>), <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">y</span>)) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">if</span> <span class="ident">x</span> <span class="op">!=</span> <span class="ident">y</span> { <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="bool-val">false</span> },
}
}
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Determines if the elements of this `Iterator` are unequal to those of</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// another.</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"iter_order"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.5.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">ne</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">other</span>: <span class="ident">I</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">bool</span> <span class="kw">where</span>
<span class="ident">I</span>: <span class="ident">IntoIterator</span>,
<span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>: <span class="ident">PartialEq</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">></span>,
<span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>,
{
<span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">other</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">other</span>.<span class="ident">into_iter</span>();
<span class="kw">loop</span> {
<span class="kw">match</span> (<span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">next</span>(), <span class="ident">other</span>.<span class="ident">next</span>()) {
(<span class="prelude-val">None</span>, <span class="prelude-val">None</span>) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="bool-val">false</span>,
(<span class="prelude-val">None</span>, _) <span class="op">|</span> (_, <span class="prelude-val">None</span>) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="bool-val">true</span>,
(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">x</span>), <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">y</span>)) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">if</span> <span class="ident">x</span>.<span class="ident">ne</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="ident">y</span>) { <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="bool-val">true</span> },
}
}
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Determines if the elements of this `Iterator` are lexicographically</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// less than those of another.</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"iter_order"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.5.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">lt</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">other</span>: <span class="ident">I</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">bool</span> <span class="kw">where</span>
<span class="ident">I</span>: <span class="ident">IntoIterator</span>,
<span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>: <span class="ident">PartialOrd</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">></span>,
<span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>,
{
<span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">other</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">other</span>.<span class="ident">into_iter</span>();
<span class="kw">loop</span> {
<span class="kw">match</span> (<span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">next</span>(), <span class="ident">other</span>.<span class="ident">next</span>()) {
(<span class="prelude-val">None</span>, <span class="prelude-val">None</span>) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="bool-val">false</span>,
(<span class="prelude-val">None</span>, _ ) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="bool-val">true</span>,
(_ , <span class="prelude-val">None</span>) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="bool-val">false</span>,
(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">x</span>), <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">y</span>)) <span class="op">=></span> {
<span class="kw">match</span> <span class="ident">x</span>.<span class="ident">partial_cmp</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="ident">y</span>) {
<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">Ordering</span>::<span class="ident">Less</span>) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="bool-val">true</span>,
<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">Ordering</span>::<span class="ident">Equal</span>) <span class="op">=></span> {}
<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">Ordering</span>::<span class="ident">Greater</span>) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="bool-val">false</span>,
<span class="prelude-val">None</span> <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="bool-val">false</span>,
}
},
}
}
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Determines if the elements of this `Iterator` are lexicographically</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// less or equal to those of another.</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"iter_order"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.5.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">le</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">other</span>: <span class="ident">I</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">bool</span> <span class="kw">where</span>
<span class="ident">I</span>: <span class="ident">IntoIterator</span>,
<span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>: <span class="ident">PartialOrd</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">></span>,
<span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>,
{
<span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">other</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">other</span>.<span class="ident">into_iter</span>();
<span class="kw">loop</span> {
<span class="kw">match</span> (<span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">next</span>(), <span class="ident">other</span>.<span class="ident">next</span>()) {
(<span class="prelude-val">None</span>, <span class="prelude-val">None</span>) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="bool-val">true</span>,
(<span class="prelude-val">None</span>, _ ) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="bool-val">true</span>,
(_ , <span class="prelude-val">None</span>) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="bool-val">false</span>,
(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">x</span>), <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">y</span>)) <span class="op">=></span> {
<span class="kw">match</span> <span class="ident">x</span>.<span class="ident">partial_cmp</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="ident">y</span>) {
<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">Ordering</span>::<span class="ident">Less</span>) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="bool-val">true</span>,
<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">Ordering</span>::<span class="ident">Equal</span>) <span class="op">=></span> {}
<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">Ordering</span>::<span class="ident">Greater</span>) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="bool-val">false</span>,
<span class="prelude-val">None</span> <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="bool-val">false</span>,
}
},
}
}
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Determines if the elements of this `Iterator` are lexicographically</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// greater than those of another.</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"iter_order"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.5.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">gt</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">other</span>: <span class="ident">I</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">bool</span> <span class="kw">where</span>
<span class="ident">I</span>: <span class="ident">IntoIterator</span>,
<span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>: <span class="ident">PartialOrd</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">></span>,
<span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>,
{
<span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">other</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">other</span>.<span class="ident">into_iter</span>();
<span class="kw">loop</span> {
<span class="kw">match</span> (<span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">next</span>(), <span class="ident">other</span>.<span class="ident">next</span>()) {
(<span class="prelude-val">None</span>, <span class="prelude-val">None</span>) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="bool-val">false</span>,
(<span class="prelude-val">None</span>, _ ) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="bool-val">false</span>,
(_ , <span class="prelude-val">None</span>) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="bool-val">true</span>,
(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">x</span>), <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">y</span>)) <span class="op">=></span> {
<span class="kw">match</span> <span class="ident">x</span>.<span class="ident">partial_cmp</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="ident">y</span>) {
<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">Ordering</span>::<span class="ident">Less</span>) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="bool-val">false</span>,
<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">Ordering</span>::<span class="ident">Equal</span>) <span class="op">=></span> {}
<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">Ordering</span>::<span class="ident">Greater</span>) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="bool-val">true</span>,
<span class="prelude-val">None</span> <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="bool-val">false</span>,
}
}
}
}
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Determines if the elements of this `Iterator` are lexicographically</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// greater than or equal to those of another.</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"iter_order"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.5.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">ge</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">other</span>: <span class="ident">I</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">bool</span> <span class="kw">where</span>
<span class="ident">I</span>: <span class="ident">IntoIterator</span>,
<span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>: <span class="ident">PartialOrd</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">></span>,
<span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>,
{
<span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">other</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">other</span>.<span class="ident">into_iter</span>();
<span class="kw">loop</span> {
<span class="kw">match</span> (<span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">next</span>(), <span class="ident">other</span>.<span class="ident">next</span>()) {
(<span class="prelude-val">None</span>, <span class="prelude-val">None</span>) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="bool-val">true</span>,
(<span class="prelude-val">None</span>, _ ) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="bool-val">false</span>,
(_ , <span class="prelude-val">None</span>) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="bool-val">true</span>,
(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">x</span>), <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">y</span>)) <span class="op">=></span> {
<span class="kw">match</span> <span class="ident">x</span>.<span class="ident">partial_cmp</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="ident">y</span>) {
<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">Ordering</span>::<span class="ident">Less</span>) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="bool-val">false</span>,
<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">Ordering</span>::<span class="ident">Equal</span>) <span class="op">=></span> {}
<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">Ordering</span>::<span class="ident">Greater</span>) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="bool-val">true</span>,
<span class="prelude-val">None</span> <span class="op">=></span> <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="bool-val">false</span>,
}
},
}
}
}
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Select an element from an iterator based on the given "projection"</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// and "comparison" function.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// This is an idiosyncratic helper to try to factor out the</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// commonalities of {max,min}{,_by}. In particular, this avoids</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// having to implement optimizations several times.</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">select_fold1</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span>, <span class="ident">B</span>, <span class="ident">FProj</span>, <span class="ident">FCmp</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">it</span>: <span class="ident">I</span>,
<span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">f_proj</span>: <span class="ident">FProj</span>,
<span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">f_cmp</span>: <span class="ident">FCmp</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><span class="op"><</span>(<span class="ident">B</span>, <span class="ident">I</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>)<span class="op">></span>
<span class="kw">where</span> <span class="ident">I</span>: <span class="ident">Iterator</span>,
<span class="ident">FProj</span>: <span class="ident">FnMut</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="ident">I</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">B</span>,
<span class="ident">FCmp</span>: <span class="ident">FnMut</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="ident">B</span>, <span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="ident">I</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>, <span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="ident">B</span>, <span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="ident">I</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">bool</span>
{
<span class="comment">// start with the first element as our selection. This avoids</span>
<span class="comment">// having to use `Option`s inside the loop, translating to a</span>
<span class="comment">// sizeable performance gain (6x in one case).</span>
<span class="ident">it</span>.<span class="ident">next</span>().<span class="ident">map</span>(<span class="op">|</span><span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">sel</span><span class="op">|</span> {
<span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">sel_p</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">f_proj</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="ident">sel</span>);
<span class="kw">for</span> <span class="ident">x</span> <span class="kw">in</span> <span class="ident">it</span> {
<span class="kw">let</span> <span class="ident">x_p</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">f_proj</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="ident">x</span>);
<span class="kw">if</span> <span class="ident">f_cmp</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="ident">sel_p</span>, <span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="ident">sel</span>, <span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="ident">x_p</span>, <span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="ident">x</span>) {
<span class="ident">sel</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">x</span>;
<span class="ident">sel_p</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">x_p</span>;
}
}
(<span class="ident">sel_p</span>, <span class="ident">sel</span>)
})
}
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">impl</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="lifetime">'a</span>, <span class="ident">I</span>: <span class="ident">Iterator</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="question-mark">?</span><span class="ident">Sized</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="ident">Iterator</span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="lifetime">'a</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">I</span> {
<span class="kw">type</span> <span class="ident">Item</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">I</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>;
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">next</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">></span> { (<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>).<span class="ident">next</span>() }
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">size_hint</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> (<span class="ident">usize</span>, <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">usize</span><span class="op">></span>) { (<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>).<span class="ident">size_hint</span>() }
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">nth</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">n</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">></span> {
(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>).<span class="ident">nth</span>(<span class="ident">n</span>)
}
}
</pre>
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