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</pre><pre class="rust ">
<span class="comment">// Copyright 2013-2016 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT</span>
<span class="comment">// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at</span>
<span class="comment">// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.</span>
<span class="comment">//</span>
<span class="comment">// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or</span>
<span class="comment">// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license</span>
<span class="comment">// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your</span>
<span class="comment">// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed</span>
<span class="comment">// except according to those terms.</span>
<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">ops</span>::{<span class="ident">Mul</span>, <span class="ident">Add</span>};
<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">num</span>::<span class="ident">Wrapping</span>;
<span class="doccomment">/// Conversion from an `Iterator`.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// By implementing `FromIterator` for a type, you define how it will be</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// created from an iterator. This is common for types which describe a</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// collection of some kind.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `FromIterator`'s [`from_iter`] is rarely called explicitly, and is instead</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// used through [`Iterator`]'s [`collect`] method. See [`collect`]'s</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// documentation for more examples.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`from_iter`]: #tymethod.from_iter</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`Iterator`]: trait.Iterator.html</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`collect`]: trait.Iterator.html#method.collect</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// See also: [`IntoIterator`].</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`IntoIterator`]: trait.IntoIterator.html</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// use std::iter::FromIterator;</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let five_fives = std::iter::repeat(5).take(5);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let v = Vec::from_iter(five_fives);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(v, vec![5, 5, 5, 5, 5]);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Using [`collect`] to implicitly use `FromIterator`:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let five_fives = std::iter::repeat(5).take(5);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let v: Vec<i32> = five_fives.collect();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(v, vec![5, 5, 5, 5, 5]);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Implementing `FromIterator` for your type:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// use std::iter::FromIterator;</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // A sample collection, that's just a wrapper over Vec<T></span>
<span class="doccomment">/// #[derive(Debug)]</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// struct MyCollection(Vec<i32>);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // Let's give it some methods so we can create one and add things</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // to it.</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// impl MyCollection {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// fn new() -> MyCollection {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// MyCollection(Vec::new())</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// }</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// fn add(&mut self, elem: i32) {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// self.0.push(elem);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// }</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// }</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // and we'll implement FromIterator</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// impl FromIterator<i32> for MyCollection {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// fn from_iter<I: IntoIterator<Item=i32>>(iter: I) -> Self {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut c = MyCollection::new();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// for i in iter {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// c.add(i);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// }</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// c</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// }</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// }</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // Now we can make a new iterator...</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let iter = (0..5).into_iter();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // ... and make a MyCollection out of it</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let c = MyCollection::from_iter(iter);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(c.0, vec![0, 1, 2, 3, 4]);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // collect works too!</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let iter = (0..5).into_iter();</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let c: MyCollection = iter.collect();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(c.0, vec![0, 1, 2, 3, 4]);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">rustc_on_unimplemented</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="string">"a collection of type `{Self}` cannot be \
built from an iterator over elements of type `{A}`"</span>]</span>
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">trait</span> <span class="ident">FromIterator</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">A</span><span class="op">></span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span> {
<span class="doccomment">/// Creates a value from an iterator.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// See the [module-level documentation] for more.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [module-level documentation]: index.html</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// use std::iter::FromIterator;</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let five_fives = std::iter::repeat(5).take(5);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let v = Vec::from_iter(five_fives);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(v, vec![5, 5, 5, 5, 5]);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">from_iter</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">T</span>: <span class="ident">IntoIterator</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">A</span><span class="op">>></span>(<span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="ident">T</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="self">Self</span>;
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Conversion into an `Iterator`.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// By implementing `IntoIterator` for a type, you define how it will be</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// converted to an iterator. This is common for types which describe a</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// collection of some kind.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// One benefit of implementing `IntoIterator` is that your type will [work</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// with Rust's `for` loop syntax](index.html#for-loops-and-intoiterator).</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// See also: [`FromIterator`].</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`FromIterator`]: trait.FromIterator.html</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let v = vec![1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = v.into_iter();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let n = iter.next();</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(Some(1), n);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let n = iter.next();</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(Some(2), n);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let n = iter.next();</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(Some(3), n);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let n = iter.next();</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(None, n);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Implementing `IntoIterator` for your type:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // A sample collection, that's just a wrapper over Vec<T></span>
<span class="doccomment">/// #[derive(Debug)]</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// struct MyCollection(Vec<i32>);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // Let's give it some methods so we can create one and add things</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // to it.</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// impl MyCollection {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// fn new() -> MyCollection {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// MyCollection(Vec::new())</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// }</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// fn add(&mut self, elem: i32) {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// self.0.push(elem);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// }</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// }</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // and we'll implement IntoIterator</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// impl IntoIterator for MyCollection {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// type Item = i32;</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// type IntoIter = ::std::vec::IntoIter<i32>;</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// fn into_iter(self) -> Self::IntoIter {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// self.0.into_iter()</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// }</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// }</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // Now we can make a new collection...</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut c = MyCollection::new();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // ... add some stuff to it ...</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// c.add(0);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// c.add(1);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// c.add(2);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // ... and then turn it into an Iterator:</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// for (i, n) in c.into_iter().enumerate() {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(i as i32, n);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// }</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">trait</span> <span class="ident">IntoIterator</span> {
<span class="doccomment">/// The type of the elements being iterated over.</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">type</span> <span class="ident">Item</span>;
<span class="doccomment">/// Which kind of iterator are we turning this into?</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">type</span> <span class="ident">IntoIter</span>: <span class="ident">Iterator</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">></span>;
<span class="doccomment">/// Creates an iterator from a value.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// See the [module-level documentation] for more.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [module-level documentation]: index.html</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let v = vec![1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = v.into_iter();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let n = iter.next();</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(Some(1), n);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let n = iter.next();</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(Some(2), n);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let n = iter.next();</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(Some(3), n);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let n = iter.next();</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(None, n);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">into_iter</span>(<span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">IntoIter</span>;
}
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">impl</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span>: <span class="ident">Iterator</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="ident">IntoIterator</span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="ident">I</span> {
<span class="kw">type</span> <span class="ident">Item</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">I</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>;
<span class="kw">type</span> <span class="ident">IntoIter</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">I</span>;
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">into_iter</span>(<span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">I</span> {
<span class="self">self</span>
}
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Extend a collection with the contents of an iterator.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Iterators produce a series of values, and collections can also be thought</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// of as a series of values. The `Extend` trait bridges this gap, allowing you</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// to extend a collection by including the contents of that iterator. When</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// extending a collection with an already existing key, that entry is updated</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// or, in the case of collections that permit multiple entries with equal</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// keys, that entry is inserted.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // You can extend a String with some chars:</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut message = String::from("The first three letters are: ");</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// message.extend(&['a', 'b', 'c']);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!("abc", &message[29..32]);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Implementing `Extend`:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // A sample collection, that's just a wrapper over Vec<T></span>
<span class="doccomment">/// #[derive(Debug)]</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// struct MyCollection(Vec<i32>);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // Let's give it some methods so we can create one and add things</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // to it.</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// impl MyCollection {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// fn new() -> MyCollection {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// MyCollection(Vec::new())</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// }</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// fn add(&mut self, elem: i32) {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// self.0.push(elem);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// }</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// }</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // since MyCollection has a list of i32s, we implement Extend for i32</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// impl Extend<i32> for MyCollection {</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // This is a bit simpler with the concrete type signature: we can call</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // extend on anything which can be turned into an Iterator which gives</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // us i32s. Because we need i32s to put into MyCollection.</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// fn extend<T: IntoIterator<Item=i32>>(&mut self, iter: T) {</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // The implementation is very straightforward: loop through the</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // iterator, and add() each element to ourselves.</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// for elem in iter {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// self.add(elem);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// }</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// }</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// }</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut c = MyCollection::new();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// c.add(5);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// c.add(6);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// c.add(7);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // let's extend our collection with three more numbers</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// c.extend(vec![1, 2, 3]);</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // we've added these elements onto the end</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!("MyCollection([5, 6, 7, 1, 2, 3])", format!("{:?}", c));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">trait</span> <span class="ident">Extend</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">A</span><span class="op">></span> {
<span class="doccomment">/// Extends a collection with the contents of an iterator.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// As this is the only method for this trait, the [trait-level] docs</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// contain more details.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [trait-level]: trait.Extend.html</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // You can extend a String with some chars:</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut message = String::from("abc");</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// message.extend(['d', 'e', 'f'].iter());</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!("abcdef", &message);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">extend</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">T</span>: <span class="ident">IntoIterator</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">A</span><span class="op">>></span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="ident">T</span>);
}
<span class="doccomment">/// An iterator able to yield elements from both ends.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Something that implements `DoubleEndedIterator` has one extra capability</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// over something that implements [`Iterator`]: the ability to also take</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `Item`s from the back, as well as the front.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// It is important to note that both back and forth work on the same range,</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// and do not cross: iteration is over when they meet in the middle.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// In a similar fashion to the [`Iterator`] protocol, once a</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `DoubleEndedIterator` returns `None` from a `next_back()`, calling it again</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// may or may not ever return `Some` again. `next()` and `next_back()` are</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// interchangable for this purpose.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`Iterator`]: trait.Iterator.html</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let numbers = vec![1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = numbers.iter();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(Some(&1), iter.next());</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(Some(&6), iter.next_back());</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(Some(&5), iter.next_back());</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(Some(&2), iter.next());</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(Some(&3), iter.next());</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(Some(&4), iter.next());</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(None, iter.next());</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(None, iter.next_back());</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">trait</span> <span class="ident">DoubleEndedIterator</span>: <span class="ident">Iterator</span> {
<span class="doccomment">/// Removes and returns an element from the end of the iterator.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Returns `None` when there are no more elements.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// The [trait-level] docs contain more details.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [trait-level]: trait.DoubleEndedIterator.html</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let numbers = vec![1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = numbers.iter();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(Some(&1), iter.next());</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(Some(&6), iter.next_back());</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(Some(&5), iter.next_back());</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(Some(&2), iter.next());</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(Some(&3), iter.next());</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(Some(&4), iter.next());</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(None, iter.next());</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(None, iter.next_back());</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">next_back</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">></span>;
<span class="doccomment">/// Searches for an element of an iterator from the right that satisfies a predicate.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `rfind()` takes a closure that returns `true` or `false`. It applies</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// this closure to each element of the iterator, starting at the end, and if any</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// of them return `true`, then `rfind()` returns [`Some(element)`]. If they all return</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `false`, it returns [`None`].</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `rfind()` is short-circuiting; in other words, it will stop processing</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// as soon as the closure returns `true`.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Because `rfind()` takes a reference, and many iterators iterate over</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// references, this leads to a possibly confusing situation where the</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// argument is a double reference. You can see this effect in the</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// examples below, with `&&x`.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`Some(element)`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html#variant.Some</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`None`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html#variant.None</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// #![feature(iter_rfind)]</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(a.iter().rfind(|&&x| x == 2), Some(&2));</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(a.iter().rfind(|&&x| x == 5), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Stopping at the first `true`:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// #![feature(iter_rfind)]</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let a = [1, 2, 3];</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut iter = a.iter();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.rfind(|&&x| x == 2), Some(&2));</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // we can still use `iter`, as there are more elements.</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(iter.next_back(), Some(&1));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">unstable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"iter_rfind"</span>, <span class="ident">issue</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"39480"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">rfind</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">P</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">predicate</span>: <span class="ident">P</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="kw">where</span>
<span class="self">Self</span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span>,
<span class="ident">P</span>: <span class="ident">FnMut</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">bool</span>
{
<span class="kw">while</span> <span class="kw">let</span> <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">x</span>) <span class="op">=</span> <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">next_back</span>() {
<span class="kw">if</span> <span class="ident">predicate</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="ident">x</span>) { <span class="kw">return</span> <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">x</span>) }
}
<span class="prelude-val">None</span>
}
}
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">impl</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="lifetime">'a</span>, <span class="ident">I</span>: <span class="ident">DoubleEndedIterator</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="question-mark">?</span><span class="ident">Sized</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="ident">DoubleEndedIterator</span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="lifetime">'a</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">I</span> {
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">next_back</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">></span> { (<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>).<span class="ident">next_back</span>() }
}
<span class="doccomment">/// An iterator that knows its exact length.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Many [`Iterator`]s don't know how many times they will iterate, but some do.</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// If an iterator knows how many times it can iterate, providing access to</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// that information can be useful. For example, if you want to iterate</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// backwards, a good start is to know where the end is.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// When implementing an `ExactSizeIterator`, You must also implement</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`Iterator`]. When doing so, the implementation of [`size_hint`] *must*</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// return the exact size of the iterator.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`Iterator`]: trait.Iterator.html</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`size_hint`]: trait.Iterator.html#method.size_hint</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// The [`len`] method has a default implementation, so you usually shouldn't</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// implement it. However, you may be able to provide a more performant</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// implementation than the default, so overriding it in this case makes sense.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`len`]: #method.len</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // a finite range knows exactly how many times it will iterate</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let five = 0..5;</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(5, five.len());</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// In the [module level docs][moddocs], we implemented an [`Iterator`],</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `Counter`. Let's implement `ExactSizeIterator` for it as well:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [moddocs]: index.html</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # struct Counter {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # count: usize,</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # }</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # impl Counter {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # fn new() -> Counter {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Counter { count: 0 }</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # }</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # }</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # impl Iterator for Counter {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # type Item = usize;</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # fn next(&mut self) -> Option<usize> {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # self.count += 1;</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # if self.count < 6 {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Some(self.count)</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # } else {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # None</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # }</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # }</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # }</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// impl ExactSizeIterator for Counter {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // We can easily calculate the remaining number of iterations.</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// fn len(&self) -> usize {</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// 5 - self.count</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// }</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// }</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // And now we can use it!</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let counter = Counter::new();</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(5, counter.len());</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">trait</span> <span class="ident">ExactSizeIterator</span>: <span class="ident">Iterator</span> {
<span class="doccomment">/// Returns the exact number of times the iterator will iterate.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// This method has a default implementation, so you usually should not</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// implement it directly. However, if you can provide a more efficient</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// implementation, you can do so. See the [trait-level] docs for an</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// example.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// This function has the same safety guarantees as the [`size_hint`]</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// function.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [trait-level]: trait.ExactSizeIterator.html</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`size_hint`]: trait.Iterator.html#method.size_hint</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// // a finite range knows exactly how many times it will iterate</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let five = 0..5;</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(5, five.len());</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">len</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">usize</span> {
<span class="kw">let</span> (<span class="ident">lower</span>, <span class="ident">upper</span>) <span class="op">=</span> <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">size_hint</span>();
<span class="comment">// Note: This assertion is overly defensive, but it checks the invariant</span>
<span class="comment">// guaranteed by the trait. If this trait were rust-internal,</span>
<span class="comment">// we could use debug_assert!; assert_eq! will check all Rust user</span>
<span class="comment">// implementations too.</span>
<span class="macro">assert_eq</span><span class="macro">!</span>(<span class="ident">upper</span>, <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">lower</span>));
<span class="ident">lower</span>
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Returns whether the iterator is empty.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// This method has a default implementation using `self.len()`, so you</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// don't need to implement it yourself.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Examples</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Basic usage:</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// #![feature(exact_size_is_empty)]</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// let mut one_element = 0..1;</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert!(!one_element.is_empty());</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(one_element.next(), Some(0));</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert!(one_element.is_empty());</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// assert_eq!(one_element.next(), None);</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// ```</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">inline</span>]</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">unstable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"exact_size_is_empty"</span>, <span class="ident">issue</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"35428"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">is_empty</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">bool</span> {
<span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">len</span>() <span class="op">==</span> <span class="number">0</span>
}
}
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"rust1"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.0.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">impl</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="lifetime">'a</span>, <span class="ident">I</span>: <span class="ident">ExactSizeIterator</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="question-mark">?</span><span class="ident">Sized</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="ident">ExactSizeIterator</span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="lifetime">'a</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">I</span> {
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">len</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">usize</span> {
(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>).<span class="ident">len</span>()
}
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">is_empty</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">bool</span> {
(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>).<span class="ident">is_empty</span>()
}
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Trait to represent types that can be created by summing up an iterator.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// This trait is used to implement the [`sum`] method on iterators. Types which</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// implement the trait can be generated by the [`sum`] method. Like</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`FromIterator`] this trait should rarely be called directly and instead</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// interacted with through [`Iterator::sum`].</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`sum`]: ../../std/iter/trait.Sum.html#tymethod.sum</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`FromIterator`]: ../../std/iter/trait.FromIterator.html</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`Iterator::sum`]: ../../std/iter/trait.Iterator.html#method.sum</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"iter_arith_traits"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.12.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">trait</span> <span class="ident">Sum</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">A</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="self">Self</span><span class="op">></span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span> {
<span class="doccomment">/// Method which takes an iterator and generates `Self` from the elements by</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// "summing up" the items.</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"iter_arith_traits"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.12.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">sum</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span>: <span class="ident">Iterator</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">A</span><span class="op">>></span>(<span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="ident">I</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="self">Self</span>;
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Trait to represent types that can be created by multiplying elements of an</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// iterator.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// This trait is used to implement the [`product`] method on iterators. Types</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// which implement the trait can be generated by the [`product`] method. Like</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`FromIterator`] this trait should rarely be called directly and instead</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// interacted with through [`Iterator::product`].</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`product`]: ../../std/iter/trait.Product.html#tymethod.product</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`FromIterator`]: ../../std/iter/trait.FromIterator.html</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`Iterator::product`]: ../../std/iter/trait.Iterator.html#method.product</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"iter_arith_traits"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.12.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">trait</span> <span class="ident">Product</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">A</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="self">Self</span><span class="op">></span>: <span class="ident">Sized</span> {
<span class="doccomment">/// Method which takes an iterator and generates `Self` from the elements by</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// multiplying the items.</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"iter_arith_traits"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.12.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">product</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span>: <span class="ident">Iterator</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="ident">A</span><span class="op">>></span>(<span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="ident">I</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="self">Self</span>;
}
<span class="comment">// NB: explicitly use Add and Mul here to inherit overflow checks</span>
<span class="macro">macro_rules</span><span class="macro">!</span> <span class="ident">integer_sum_product</span> {
(@<span class="ident">impls</span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">zero</span>:<span class="ident">expr</span>, <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">one</span>:<span class="ident">expr</span>, <span class="attribute">#[<span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">attr</span>:<span class="ident">meta</span>]</span>, $(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">a</span>:<span class="ident">ty</span>)<span class="kw-2">*</span>) <span class="op">=></span> ($(
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">attr</span>]</span>
<span class="kw">impl</span> <span class="ident">Sum</span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">a</span> {
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">sum</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span>: <span class="ident">Iterator</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">a</span><span class="op">>></span>(<span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="ident">I</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">a</span> {
<span class="ident">iter</span>.<span class="ident">fold</span>(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">zero</span>, <span class="ident">Add</span>::<span class="ident">add</span>)
}
}
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">attr</span>]</span>
<span class="kw">impl</span> <span class="ident">Product</span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">a</span> {
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">product</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span>: <span class="ident">Iterator</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">a</span><span class="op">>></span>(<span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="ident">I</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">a</span> {
<span class="ident">iter</span>.<span class="ident">fold</span>(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">one</span>, <span class="ident">Mul</span>::<span class="ident">mul</span>)
}
}
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">attr</span>]</span>
<span class="kw">impl</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="lifetime">'a</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="ident">Sum</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="lifetime">'a</span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">a</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">a</span> {
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">sum</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span>: <span class="ident">Iterator</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="lifetime">'a</span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">a</span><span class="op">>></span>(<span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="ident">I</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">a</span> {
<span class="ident">iter</span>.<span class="ident">fold</span>(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">zero</span>, <span class="ident">Add</span>::<span class="ident">add</span>)
}
}
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">attr</span>]</span>
<span class="kw">impl</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="lifetime">'a</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="ident">Product</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="lifetime">'a</span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">a</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">a</span> {
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">product</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span>: <span class="ident">Iterator</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="lifetime">'a</span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">a</span><span class="op">>></span>(<span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="ident">I</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">a</span> {
<span class="ident">iter</span>.<span class="ident">fold</span>(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">one</span>, <span class="ident">Mul</span>::<span class="ident">mul</span>)
}
}
)<span class="kw-2">*</span>);
($(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">a</span>:<span class="ident">ty</span>)<span class="kw-2">*</span>) <span class="op">=></span> (
<span class="macro">integer_sum_product</span><span class="macro">!</span>(@<span class="ident">impls</span> <span class="number">0</span>, <span class="number">1</span>,
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"iter_arith_traits"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.12.0"</span>)]</span>,
$(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">a</span>)<span class="op">+</span>);
<span class="macro">integer_sum_product</span><span class="macro">!</span>(@<span class="ident">impls</span> <span class="ident">Wrapping</span>(<span class="number">0</span>), <span class="ident">Wrapping</span>(<span class="number">1</span>),
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"wrapping_iter_arith"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.14.0"</span>)]</span>,
$(<span class="ident">Wrapping</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">a</span><span class="op">></span>)<span class="op">+</span>);
);
}
<span class="macro">macro_rules</span><span class="macro">!</span> <span class="ident">float_sum_product</span> {
($(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">a</span>:<span class="ident">ident</span>)<span class="kw-2">*</span>) <span class="op">=></span> ($(
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"iter_arith_traits"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.12.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">impl</span> <span class="ident">Sum</span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">a</span> {
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">sum</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span>: <span class="ident">Iterator</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">a</span><span class="op">>></span>(<span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="ident">I</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">a</span> {
<span class="ident">iter</span>.<span class="ident">fold</span>(<span class="number">0.0</span>, <span class="op">|</span><span class="ident">a</span>, <span class="ident">b</span><span class="op">|</span> <span class="ident">a</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="ident">b</span>)
}
}
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"iter_arith_traits"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.12.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">impl</span> <span class="ident">Product</span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">a</span> {
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">product</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span>: <span class="ident">Iterator</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">a</span><span class="op">>></span>(<span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="ident">I</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">a</span> {
<span class="ident">iter</span>.<span class="ident">fold</span>(<span class="number">1.0</span>, <span class="op">|</span><span class="ident">a</span>, <span class="ident">b</span><span class="op">|</span> <span class="ident">a</span> <span class="op">*</span> <span class="ident">b</span>)
}
}
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"iter_arith_traits"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.12.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">impl</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="lifetime">'a</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="ident">Sum</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="lifetime">'a</span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">a</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">a</span> {
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">sum</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span>: <span class="ident">Iterator</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="lifetime">'a</span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">a</span><span class="op">>></span>(<span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="ident">I</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">a</span> {
<span class="ident">iter</span>.<span class="ident">fold</span>(<span class="number">0.0</span>, <span class="op">|</span><span class="ident">a</span>, <span class="ident">b</span><span class="op">|</span> <span class="ident">a</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="ident">b</span>)
}
}
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"iter_arith_traits"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"1.12.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">impl</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="lifetime">'a</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="ident">Product</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="lifetime">'a</span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">a</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">a</span> {
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">product</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span>: <span class="ident">Iterator</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="lifetime">'a</span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">a</span><span class="op">>></span>(<span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="ident">I</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="macro-nonterminal">$</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">a</span> {
<span class="ident">iter</span>.<span class="ident">fold</span>(<span class="number">1.0</span>, <span class="op">|</span><span class="ident">a</span>, <span class="ident">b</span><span class="op">|</span> <span class="ident">a</span> <span class="op">*</span> <span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="ident">b</span>)
}
}
)<span class="kw-2">*</span>)
}
<span class="macro">integer_sum_product</span><span class="macro">!</span> { <span class="ident">i8</span> <span class="ident">i16</span> <span class="ident">i32</span> <span class="ident">i64</span> <span class="ident">isize</span> <span class="ident">u8</span> <span class="ident">u16</span> <span class="ident">u32</span> <span class="ident">u64</span> <span class="ident">usize</span> }
<span class="macro">float_sum_product</span><span class="macro">!</span> { <span class="ident">f32</span> <span class="ident">f64</span> }
<span class="doccomment">/// An iterator adapter that produces output as long as the underlying</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// iterator produces `Result::Ok` values.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// If an error is encountered, the iterator stops and the error is</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// stored. The error may be recovered later via `reconstruct`.</span>
<span class="kw">struct</span> <span class="ident">ResultShunt</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span>, <span class="ident">E</span><span class="op">></span> {
<span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="ident">I</span>,
<span class="ident">error</span>: <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">E</span><span class="op">></span>,
}
<span class="kw">impl</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span>, <span class="ident">T</span>, <span class="ident">E</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="ident">ResultShunt</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span>, <span class="ident">E</span><span class="op">></span>
<span class="kw">where</span> <span class="ident">I</span>: <span class="ident">Iterator</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">Item</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">T</span>, <span class="ident">E</span><span class="op">>></span>
{
<span class="doccomment">/// Process the given iterator as if it yielded a `T` instead of a</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// `Result<T, _>`. Any errors will stop the inner iterator and</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// the overall result will be an error.</span>
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">process</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">F</span>, <span class="ident">U</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="ident">I</span>, <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">f</span>: <span class="ident">F</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">U</span>, <span class="ident">E</span><span class="op">></span>
<span class="kw">where</span> <span class="ident">F</span>: <span class="ident">FnMut</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="self">Self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">U</span>
{
<span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">shunt</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">ResultShunt</span>::<span class="ident">new</span>(<span class="ident">iter</span>);
<span class="kw">let</span> <span class="ident">value</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">f</span>(<span class="ident">shunt</span>.<span class="ident">by_ref</span>());
<span class="ident">shunt</span>.<span class="ident">reconstruct</span>(<span class="ident">value</span>)
}
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">new</span>(<span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="ident">I</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="self">Self</span> {
<span class="ident">ResultShunt</span> {
<span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="ident">iter</span>,
<span class="ident">error</span>: <span class="prelude-val">None</span>,
}
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Consume the adapter and rebuild a `Result` value. This should</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// *always* be called, otherwise any potential error would be</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// lost.</span>
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">reconstruct</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">U</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="self">self</span>, <span class="ident">val</span>: <span class="ident">U</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">U</span>, <span class="ident">E</span><span class="op">></span> {
<span class="kw">match</span> <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">error</span> {
<span class="prelude-val">None</span> <span class="op">=></span> <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(<span class="ident">val</span>),
<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">e</span>) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(<span class="ident">e</span>),
}
}
}
<span class="kw">impl</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span>, <span class="ident">T</span>, <span class="ident">E</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="ident">Iterator</span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="ident">ResultShunt</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span>, <span class="ident">E</span><span class="op">></span>
<span class="kw">where</span> <span class="ident">I</span>: <span class="ident">Iterator</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">Item</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">T</span>, <span class="ident">E</span><span class="op">>></span>
{
<span class="kw">type</span> <span class="ident">Item</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">T</span>;
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">next</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="self">Self</span>::<span class="ident">Item</span><span class="op">></span> {
<span class="kw">match</span> <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">iter</span>.<span class="ident">next</span>() {
<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(<span class="ident">v</span>)) <span class="op">=></span> <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">v</span>),
<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(<span class="ident">e</span>)) <span class="op">=></span> {
<span class="self">self</span>.<span class="ident">error</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="ident">e</span>);
<span class="prelude-val">None</span>
}
<span class="prelude-val">None</span> <span class="op">=></span> <span class="prelude-val">None</span>,
}
}
}
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"iter_arith_traits_result"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="string">"1.16.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">impl</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">T</span>, <span class="ident">U</span>, <span class="ident">E</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="ident">Sum</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="prelude-ty">Result</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">U</span>, <span class="ident">E</span><span class="op">>></span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">T</span>, <span class="ident">E</span><span class="op">></span>
<span class="kw">where</span> <span class="ident">T</span>: <span class="ident">Sum</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">U</span><span class="op">></span>,
{
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">sum</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="ident">I</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">T</span>, <span class="ident">E</span><span class="op">></span>
<span class="kw">where</span> <span class="ident">I</span>: <span class="ident">Iterator</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">Item</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">U</span>, <span class="ident">E</span><span class="op">>></span>,
{
<span class="ident">ResultShunt</span>::<span class="ident">process</span>(<span class="ident">iter</span>, <span class="op">|</span><span class="ident">i</span><span class="op">|</span> <span class="ident">i</span>.<span class="ident">sum</span>())
}
}
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">stable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"iter_arith_traits_result"</span>, <span class="ident">since</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="string">"1.16.0"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">impl</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">T</span>, <span class="ident">U</span>, <span class="ident">E</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="ident">Product</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="prelude-ty">Result</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">U</span>, <span class="ident">E</span><span class="op">>></span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">T</span>, <span class="ident">E</span><span class="op">></span>
<span class="kw">where</span> <span class="ident">T</span>: <span class="ident">Product</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">U</span><span class="op">></span>,
{
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">product</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">I</span><span class="op">></span>(<span class="ident">iter</span>: <span class="ident">I</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">T</span>, <span class="ident">E</span><span class="op">></span>
<span class="kw">where</span> <span class="ident">I</span>: <span class="ident">Iterator</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">Item</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">U</span>, <span class="ident">E</span><span class="op">>></span>,
{
<span class="ident">ResultShunt</span>::<span class="ident">process</span>(<span class="ident">iter</span>, <span class="op">|</span><span class="ident">i</span><span class="op">|</span> <span class="ident">i</span>.<span class="ident">product</span>())
}
}
<span class="doccomment">/// An iterator that always continues to yield `None` when exhausted.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Calling next on a fused iterator that has returned `None` once is guaranteed</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// to return [`None`] again. This trait is should be implemented by all iterators</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// that behave this way because it allows for some significant optimizations.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Note: In general, you should not use `FusedIterator` in generic bounds if</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// you need a fused iterator. Instead, you should just call [`Iterator::fuse`]</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// on the iterator. If the iterator is already fused, the additional [`Fuse`]</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// wrapper will be a no-op with no performance penalty.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`None`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html#variant.None</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`Iterator::fuse`]: ../../std/iter/trait.Iterator.html#method.fuse</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`Fuse`]: ../../std/iter/struct.Fuse.html</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">unstable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"fused"</span>, <span class="ident">issue</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"35602"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">trait</span> <span class="ident">FusedIterator</span>: <span class="ident">Iterator</span> {}
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">unstable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"fused"</span>, <span class="ident">issue</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"35602"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">impl</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="lifetime">'a</span>, <span class="ident">I</span>: <span class="ident">FusedIterator</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="question-mark">?</span><span class="ident">Sized</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="ident">FusedIterator</span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="lifetime">'a</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">I</span> {}
<span class="doccomment">/// An iterator that reports an accurate length using size_hint.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// The iterator reports a size hint where it is either exact</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// (lower bound is equal to upper bound), or the upper bound is [`None`].</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// The upper bound must only be [`None`] if the actual iterator length is</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// larger than [`usize::MAX`].</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// The iterator must produce exactly the number of elements it reported.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// # Safety</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// This trait must only be implemented when the contract is upheld.</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// Consumers of this trait must inspect [`.size_hint`]’s upper bound.</span>
<span class="doccomment">///</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`None`]: ../../std/option/enum.Option.html#variant.None</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`usize::MAX`]: ../../std/usize/constant.MAX.html</span>
<span class="doccomment">/// [`.size_hint`]: ../../std/iter/trait.Iterator.html#method.size_hint</span>
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">unstable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"trusted_len"</span>, <span class="ident">issue</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"37572"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">unsafe</span> <span class="kw">trait</span> <span class="ident">TrustedLen</span> : <span class="ident">Iterator</span> {}
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">unstable</span>(<span class="ident">feature</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"trusted_len"</span>, <span class="ident">issue</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="string">"37572"</span>)]</span>
<span class="kw">unsafe</span> <span class="kw">impl</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="lifetime">'a</span>, <span class="ident">I</span>: <span class="ident">TrustedLen</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="question-mark">?</span><span class="ident">Sized</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="ident">TrustedLen</span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="lifetime">'a</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">I</span> {}
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