<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><meta name="generator" content="rustdoc"><meta name="description" content="API documentation for the Rust `convert` mod in crate `std`."><meta name="keywords" content="rust, rustlang, rust-lang, convert"><title>std::convert - Rust</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../normalize1.35.0.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../rustdoc1.35.0.css" id="mainThemeStyle"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../dark1.35.0.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../light1.35.0.css" id="themeStyle"><script src="../../storage1.35.0.js"></script><noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../noscript1.35.0.css"></noscript><link rel="shortcut icon" href="../../favicon1.35.0.ico"><style type="text/css">#crate-search{background-image:url("../../down-arrow1.35.0.svg");}</style></head><body class="rustdoc mod"><!--[if lte IE 8]><div class="warning">This old browser is unsupported and will most likely display funky things.</div><![endif]--><nav class="sidebar"><div class="sidebar-menu">☰</div><a href='../../std/index.html'><img src='../../rust-logo1.35.0.png' alt='logo' width='100'></a><p class='location'>Module convert</p><div class="sidebar-elems"><div class="block items"><ul><li><a href="#enums">Enums</a></li><li><a href="#traits">Traits</a></li><li><a href="#functions">Functions</a></li></ul></div><p class='location'><a href='../index.html'>std</a></p><script>window.sidebarCurrent = {name: 'convert', ty: 'mod', relpath: '../'};</script><script defer src="../sidebar-items.js"></script></div></nav><div class="theme-picker"><button id="theme-picker" aria-label="Pick another theme!"><img src="../../brush1.35.0.svg" width="18" alt="Pick another theme!"></button><div id="theme-choices"></div></div><script src="../../theme1.35.0.js"></script><nav class="sub"><form class="search-form js-only"><div class="search-container"><div><select id="crate-search"><option value="All crates">All crates</option></select><input class="search-input" name="search" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false" placeholder="Click or press ‘S’ to search, ‘?’ for more options…" type="search"></div><a id="settings-menu" href="../../settings.html"><img src="../../wheel1.35.0.svg" width="18" alt="Change settings"></a></div></form></nav><section id="main" class="content"><h1 class='fqn'><span class='out-of-band'><span class='since' title='Stable since Rust version 1.0.0'>1.0.0</span><span id='render-detail'><a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class='inner'>−</span>]</a></span><a class='srclink' href='../../src/core/lib.rs.html#184' title='goto source code'>[src]</a></span><span class='in-band'>Module <a href='../index.html'>std</a>::<wbr><a class="mod" href=''>convert</a></span></h1><div class='docblock'><p>Traits for conversions between types.</p>
<p>The traits in this module provide a way to convert from one type to another type.
Each trait serves a different purpose:</p>
<ul>
<li>Implement the <a href="trait.AsRef.html"><code>AsRef</code></a> trait for cheap reference-to-reference conversions</li>
<li>Implement the <a href="trait.AsMut.html"><code>AsMut</code></a> trait for cheap mutable-to-mutable conversions</li>
<li>Implement the <a href="trait.From.html"><code>From</code></a> trait for consuming value-to-value conversions</li>
<li>Implement the <a href="trait.Into.html"><code>Into</code></a> trait for consuming value-to-value conversions to types
outside the current crate</li>
<li>The <a href="trait.TryFrom.html"><code>TryFrom</code></a> and <a href="trait.TryInto.html"><code>TryInto</code></a> traits behave like <a href="trait.From.html"><code>From</code></a> and <a href="trait.Into.html"><code>Into</code></a>,
but should be implemented when the conversion can fail.</li>
</ul>
<p>The traits in this module are often used as trait bounds for generic functions such that to
arguments of multiple types are supported. See the documentation of each trait for examples.</p>
<p>As a library author, you should always prefer implementing <a href="trait.From.html"><code>From<T></code></a> or
<a href="trait.TryFrom.html"><code>TryFrom<T></code></a> rather than <a href="trait.Into.html"><code>Into<U></code></a> or <a href="trait.TryInto.html"><code>TryInto<U></code></a>,
as <a href="trait.From.html"><code>From</code></a> and <a href="trait.TryFrom.html"><code>TryFrom</code></a> provide greater flexibility and offer
equivalent <a href="trait.Into.html"><code>Into</code></a> or <a href="trait.TryInto.html"><code>TryInto</code></a> implementations for free, thanks to a
blanket implementation in the standard library. Only implement <a href="trait.Into.html"><code>Into</code></a> or <a href="trait.TryInto.html"><code>TryInto</code></a>
when a conversion to a type outside the current crate is required.</p>
<h1 id="generic-implementations" class="section-header"><a href="#generic-implementations">Generic Implementations</a></h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="trait.AsRef.html"><code>AsRef</code></a> and <a href="trait.AsMut.html"><code>AsMut</code></a> auto-dereference if the inner type is a reference</li>
<li><a href="trait.From.html"><code>From</code></a><code><U> for T</code> implies <a href="trait.Into.html"><code>Into</code></a><code><T> for U</code></li>
<li><a href="trait.TryFrom.html"><code>TryFrom</code></a><code><U> for T</code> implies <a href="trait.TryInto.html"><code>TryInto</code></a><code><T> for U</code></li>
<li><a href="trait.From.html"><code>From</code></a> and <a href="trait.Into.html"><code>Into</code></a> are reflexive, which means that all types can
<code>into</code> themselves and <code>from</code> themselves</li>
</ul>
<p>See each trait for usage examples.</p>
</div><h2 id='enums' class='section-header'><a href="#enums">Enums</a></h2>
<table><tr class='module-item'><td><a class="enum" href="enum.Infallible.html" title='std::convert::Infallible enum'>Infallible</a></td><td class='docblock-short'><p>The error type for errors that can never happen.</p>
</td></tr></table><h2 id='traits' class='section-header'><a href="#traits">Traits</a></h2>
<table><tr class='module-item'><td><a class="trait" href="trait.AsMut.html" title='std::convert::AsMut trait'>AsMut</a></td><td class='docblock-short'><p>Used to do a cheap mutable-to-mutable reference conversion.</p>
</td></tr><tr class='module-item'><td><a class="trait" href="trait.AsRef.html" title='std::convert::AsRef trait'>AsRef</a></td><td class='docblock-short'><p>Used to do a cheap reference-to-reference conversion.</p>
</td></tr><tr class='module-item'><td><a class="trait" href="trait.From.html" title='std::convert::From trait'>From</a></td><td class='docblock-short'><p>Used to do value-to-value conversions while consuming the input value. It is the reciprocal of
<a href="../../std/convert/trait.Into.html" title="`Into`"><code>Into</code></a>.</p>
</td></tr><tr class='module-item'><td><a class="trait" href="trait.Into.html" title='std::convert::Into trait'>Into</a></td><td class='docblock-short'><p>A value-to-value conversion that consumes the input value. The
opposite of <a href="../../std/convert/trait.From.html" title="`From`"><code>From</code></a>.</p>
</td></tr><tr class='module-item'><td><a class="trait" href="trait.TryFrom.html" title='std::convert::TryFrom trait'>TryFrom</a></td><td class='docblock-short'><p>Simple and safe type conversions that may fail in a controlled
way under some circumstances. It is the reciprocal of <a href="trait.TryInto.html"><code>TryInto</code></a>.</p>
</td></tr><tr class='module-item'><td><a class="trait" href="trait.TryInto.html" title='std::convert::TryInto trait'>TryInto</a></td><td class='docblock-short'><p>An attempted conversion that consumes <code>self</code>, which may or may not be
expensive.</p>
</td></tr></table><h2 id='functions' class='section-header'><a href="#functions">Functions</a></h2>
<table><tr class='module-item'><td><a class="fn" href="fn.identity.html" title='std::convert::identity fn'>identity</a></td><td class='docblock-short'><p>An identity function.</p>
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