<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title>builtins — Built-in objects — Python 3.7.10 documentation</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/pydoctheme.css" type="text/css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/pygments.css" type="text/css" />
<script type="text/javascript" id="documentation_options" data-url_root="../" src="../_static/documentation_options.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/jquery.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/underscore.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/doctools.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/language_data.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/sidebar.js"></script>
<link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml"
title="Search within Python 3.7.10 documentation"
href="../_static/opensearch.xml"/>
<link rel="author" title="About these documents" href="../about.html" />
<link rel="index" title="Index" href="../genindex.html" />
<link rel="search" title="Search" href="../search.html" />
<link rel="copyright" title="Copyright" href="../copyright.html" />
<link rel="next" title="__main__ — Top-level script environment" href="__main__.html" />
<link rel="prev" title="sysconfig — Provide access to Python’s configuration information" href="sysconfig.html" />
<link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="../_static/py.png" />
<link rel="canonical" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/builtins.html" />
<script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/copybutton.js"></script>
<style>
@media only screen {
table.full-width-table {
width: 100%;
}
}
</style>
</head><body>
<div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation">
<h3>Navigation</h3>
<ul>
<li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px">
<a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index"
accesskey="I">index</a></li>
<li class="right" >
<a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index"
>modules</a> |</li>
<li class="right" >
<a href="__main__.html" title="__main__ — Top-level script environment"
accesskey="N">next</a> |</li>
<li class="right" >
<a href="sysconfig.html" title="sysconfig — Provide access to Python’s configuration information"
accesskey="P">previous</a> |</li>
<li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt=""
style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li>
<li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> »</li>
<li>
<a href="../index.html">3.7.10 Documentation</a> »
</li>
<li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >The Python Standard Library</a> »</li>
<li class="nav-item nav-item-2"><a href="python.html" accesskey="U">Python Runtime Services</a> »</li>
<li class="right">
<div class="inline-search" style="display: none" role="search">
<form class="inline-search" action="../search.html" method="get">
<input placeholder="Quick search" type="text" name="q" />
<input type="submit" value="Go" />
<input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" />
<input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" />
</form>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">$('.inline-search').show(0);</script>
|
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="document">
<div class="documentwrapper">
<div class="bodywrapper">
<div class="body" role="main">
<div class="section" id="module-builtins">
<span id="builtins-built-in-objects"></span><h1><a class="reference internal" href="#module-builtins" title="builtins: The module that provides the built-in namespace."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">builtins</span></code></a> — Built-in objects<a class="headerlink" href="#module-builtins" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<hr class="docutils" />
<p>This module provides direct access to all ‘built-in’ identifiers of Python; for
example, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">builtins.open</span></code> is the full name for the built-in function
<a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#open" title="open"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">open()</span></code></a>. See <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#built-in-funcs"><span class="std std-ref">Built-in Functions</span></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="constants.html#built-in-consts"><span class="std std-ref">Built-in Constants</span></a> for
documentation.</p>
<p>This module is not normally accessed explicitly by most applications, but can be
useful in modules that provide objects with the same name as a built-in value,
but in which the built-in of that name is also needed. For example, in a module
that wants to implement an <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#open" title="open"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">open()</span></code></a> function that wraps the built-in
<a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#open" title="open"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">open()</span></code></a>, this module can be used directly:</p>
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">builtins</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">f</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">builtins</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'r'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">UpperCaser</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">UpperCaser</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="sd">'''Wrapper around a file that converts output to upper-case.'''</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">f</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_f</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">f</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">read</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">count</span><span class="o">=-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_f</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">read</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">upper</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="c1"># ...</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>As an implementation detail, most modules have the name <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__builtins__</span></code> made
available as part of their globals. The value of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__builtins__</span></code> is normally
either this module or the value of this module’s <a class="reference internal" href="stdtypes.html#object.__dict__" title="object.__dict__"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__dict__</span></code></a> attribute.
Since this is an implementation detail, it may not be used by alternate
implementations of Python.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sphinxsidebar" role="navigation" aria-label="main navigation">
<div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper">
<h4>Previous topic</h4>
<p class="topless"><a href="sysconfig.html"
title="previous chapter"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sysconfig</span></code> — Provide access to Python’s configuration information</a></p>
<h4>Next topic</h4>
<p class="topless"><a href="__main__.html"
title="next chapter"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__main__</span></code> — Top-level script environment</a></p>
<div role="note" aria-label="source link">
<h3>This Page</h3>
<ul class="this-page-menu">
<li><a href="../bugs.html">Report a Bug</a></li>
<li>
<a href="https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/3.7/Doc/library/builtins.rst"
rel="nofollow">Show Source
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="clearer"></div>
</div>
<div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation">
<h3>Navigation</h3>
<ul>
<li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px">
<a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index"
>index</a></li>
<li class="right" >
<a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index"
>modules</a> |</li>
<li class="right" >
<a href="__main__.html" title="__main__ — Top-level script environment"
>next</a> |</li>
<li class="right" >
<a href="sysconfig.html" title="sysconfig — Provide access to Python’s configuration information"
>previous</a> |</li>
<li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt=""
style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li>
<li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> »</li>
<li>
<a href="../index.html">3.7.10 Documentation</a> »
</li>
<li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >The Python Standard Library</a> »</li>
<li class="nav-item nav-item-2"><a href="python.html" >Python Runtime Services</a> »</li>
<li class="right">
<div class="inline-search" style="display: none" role="search">
<form class="inline-search" action="../search.html" method="get">
<input placeholder="Quick search" type="text" name="q" />
<input type="submit" value="Go" />
<input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" />
<input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" />
</form>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">$('.inline-search').show(0);</script>
|
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="footer">
© <a href="../copyright.html">Copyright</a> 2001-2021, Python Software Foundation.
<br />
The Python Software Foundation is a non-profit corporation.
<a href="https://www.python.org/psf/donations/">Please donate.</a>
<br />
Last updated on Feb 26, 2021.
<a href="../bugs.html">Found a bug</a>?
<br />
Created using <a href="http://sphinx.pocoo.org/">Sphinx</a> 2.3.1.
</div>
</body>
</html>
distrib
>
Mageia
>
7
>
armv7hl
>
media
>
core-updates
>
by-pkgid
>
272358a29dcac700c15f72584b3d4e55
>
files
>
714
